Book summary “The Hidden History of the Human Race”: summary

Introduction

You live with a standard historical narrative that places modern human origins within a narrow recent window. When anomalous artifacts or ancient bones appear outside this timeline, standard institutions routinely dismiss them. This systematic filtering protects a dogmatic consensus regarding human evolution.

Mainstream science enforces an evolutionary consensus by systematically filtering out empirical evidence demonstrating that anatomically modern humans and advanced artifacts have existed on Earth for millions of years.

Michael A. Cremo exposes this process in The Hidden History of the Human Race. You will explore suppressed archaeological discoveries through four analytical areas.

• How do crude stone tools appear in deep Tertiary formations?
• What evidence hides within anomalous human skeletal remains?
• Why do ancient footprints surface in pre-Tertiary strata?
• How does methodological bias maintain the consensus?

1. Anomalous Stone Implements and Eoliths

Crude stone artifacts and eoliths discovered in deeply buried Tertiary and pre-Pleistocene formations demonstrate that toolmaking beings existed millions of years before standard evolutionary timelines permit.

You can classify ancient stone tools found in pre-Pleistocene strata into three categories.

• eoliths
• crude paleoliths
• advanced paleoliths

Benjamin Harrison gathered eoliths and paleoliths from the Kent Plateau in England, while J. Reid Moir recovered similar implements from below the Red Crag in East Anglia. Harrison cataloged 405 total flint implements found on the Kent Plateau since 1880. Sir John Prestwich demonstrated that these high-level hill drifts could not have been deposited by existing river systems. On September 11, 1880, Harrison found a paleolithic implement in a gravel bed on High Field, far above the present level of the stream.

J. Reid Moir found flaked flints in the sub-Crag detritus bed beneath the Red Crag in East Anglia. Sir Ray Lankester analyzed the famous Norwich test specimen found beneath the Red Crag at Whitlingham, noting that about 40 flakes had been intentionally removed. An international commission of scientists officially concluded that 20 worked flint specimens displayed unequivocal signs of intelligent human work.

Identifying human manufacture in ancient stone tools requires a comprehensive diagnostic method analyzing multiple symptoms rather than relying on a single isolated criterion.

Alfred S. Barnes proposed a statistical platform angle test to determine human origin. To apply this test, you follow these steps.

• measure the angle between the striking platform and the flake scar on a sample of stone implements
• calculate the percentage of measured angles that are 90 degrees or greater
• classify the assemblage as human if no more than 25 percent of the angles are obtuse

Carlos Ribeiro discovered 95 specimens of Tertiary flint tools displayed at the Paris Exposition of 1878. At Monte Redondo, geologist G. Bellucci found a flint implement firmly embedded in an Early Miocene conglomerate, requiring an iron pick to extract it. Abbe Bourgeois discovered many flint tools in Early Miocene strata at Thenay, France, at a depth of 4.23 meters. Louis Leakey and Ruth Simpson recovered unifacial scrapers and a beaked graver from the Calico site near ancient Pleistocene Lake Manix, yielding 11,400 artifacts over eighteen years of excavation.

To evaluate such lithic specimens yourself, you apply these practical criteria.

• check for the presence of ripple lines and force bulbs with bulb scars
• ensure striking platform angles are under 90 degrees
• look for crushing of striking platforms
• verify no remaining cortex on striking platforms or dorsal surfaces
• identify prismatic flakes and blades, unifacial edge retouch, and selective flaking

2. Fossil Human Skeletal Remains

Numerous anatomically modern human skeletons excavated from undisturbed Pliocene, Miocene, and early Pleistocene strata challenge the orthodox linear model of human evolution.

Mainstream anthropologists reject ancient human bones by applying the dubious principle of dating by morphology. You see this when an anatomically modern skull is dismissed solely because it lacks primitive features.

On December 1, 1899, Ernest Volk discovered a human femur 91 inches beneath the surface in a railroad cut in Trenton, New Jersey, within clean sand strata overlain by undisturbed glacial gravel and loam. Geological survey data indicated the stratum is from the Sangamon interglacial, dating back about 107,000 years, whereas standard theories claim modern humans migrated to America at most 30,000 years ago. Anthropologists like A. Hrdlicka suspected a recent age solely because the bone lacked primitive features.

In 1888, workmen at Galley Hill near London exposed a human skeleton firmly embedded 8 feet below the surface in horizontally stratified beds of sand and gravel, observed in situ by Robert Elliott and M. H. Heys. Mainstream anthropologists attempted to invalidate the find by suggesting recent intrusive burial, decalcification of animal bones, and performing nitrogen, fluorine, and carbon 14 tests. The tests yielded an unreliable carbon 14 date of 3,310 years, contrasting sharply with the approximate age of 330,000 years for the contemporaneous Swanscombe skull.

In 1896, workers excavating a dry dock in Buenos Aires found a human skull in the rudder pit 36 feet below the river bed after breaking through a layer of tosca. Florentino Ameghino considered it a Pliocene precursor called Diprothomo platensis with a low cranial capacity, but Hrdlicka later examined the skull and proved its capacity was normal. The skull came from a Pre-Ensenadan stratum estimated at 1.0 to 1.5 million years old, and Hrdlicka determined its corrected cranial capacity was 1,350 to 1,500 cc.

In 1880 at Castenedolo, Italy, Ragazzoni supervised the excavation of a complete female skeleton and other remains lying directly in a uniform, compact mass of Pliocene blue clay. The skeletons, representing four individuals including an adult male, female, and two children, rested in the Astian stage of the Middle Pliocene, dated to 3 to 4 million years. Despite the absence of any signs of burial or mixed strata, the finds were rejected by the scientific establishment simply because the bones were morphologically modern.

In the 1850s at Savona, Italy, workmen building a church discovered a human skeleton at a depth of 10 feet encased in Pliocene marl with its arms extended and head bent forward. While critics argued that scattered mammal bones indicated a later burial, observers noted the absence of disturbed upper strata and the specific outstretched posture typical of a drowned body washed against a rocky shore.

In February 1866, Mr. Mattison removed the Calaveras skull from a layer of gravel 130 feet below the surface beneath several distinct layers of volcanic material at Bald Hill, California. The find came from prevolcanic auriferous gravels carrying a geological age range of 33 to 55 million years beneath a latite cap. While State Geologist J. D. Whitney defended their Pliocene or older age, later critics like W. H. Holmes used conflicting anecdotal stories of practical jokes and alleged cave matrices to dismiss them.

3. Pre-Tertiary Discoveries and Artifacts

Extraordinary human footprints, bones, and manufactured objects embedded in ancient Carboniferous, Mesozoic, and Precambrian strata reveal an exceptionally ancient human presence.

You find that standard evolutionary timelines collapse when you examine discoveries from deep geological layers. In December of 1862, the bones of a man were found in a coal-bed in Macoupin county, Illinois, ninety feet below the surface under two feet of slate rock. This Carboniferous coal bed dates from 286 million to 320 million years old.

Professor W. G. Burroughs reported that creatures that walked on their hind legs and had humanlike feet left tracks on a sand beach in Rockcastle County, Kentucky, during the Early Upper Carboniferous. These fossilized footprints measure 9.5 inches in length from heel to the longest toe, 4.1 inches in width across the ball of the foot, and 6 inches in width including the spread of the toes. The Moscow News in 1983 reported on a humanlike footprint found in 150-million-year-old Jurassic rock next to a dinosaur footprint in the southeastern USSR.

Manufactured objects and advanced artifacts recovered from primary ancient strata challenge conventional ideas about the age of human culture.

Sir David Brewster reported the discovery of a nail in sandstone from the Kingoodie Quarry in North Britain to the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1844. The iron nail had its head buried directly in the body of the sandstone, which dates to the Lower Old Red Sandstone age of 360 to 408 million years old.

John Kettell and Dr. J. V. C. Smith examined the bell-shaped vessel blown out of the solid pudding stone in Dorchester, Massachusetts, published in Scientific American on June 5, 1852. This metallic vessel was blasted out of fifteen feet below the surface within the Precambrian Roxbury conglomerate, which is over 600 million years old.

Dr. W. H. Ballou wrote about the discovery made by mining engineer John T. Reid in the New York Sunday American on October 8, 1922. This Triassic find included a partial fossil shoe sole featuring a hand-welted sole with a well-defined sewn thread connecting the welt to the sole, dating from 213 to 248 million years old.

Roelf Marx, curator of the museum of Klerksdorp, South Africa, provided details regarding the metallic spheres found near Ottosdal within a pyrophyllite deposit formed 2.8 billion years ago. Miners recovered hundreds of these metallic spheres, and one notable specimen is encircled by three parallel grooves.

J. Reid Moir collected triangular bone pieces and referenced a fossil rib partially sawn across at both ends discovered by Mr. Whincopp in the detritus bed below the Red Crag. You can study these artifacts by noting the following procedures.

• Conduct experiments subjecting mineralized and unmineralized bones to fortuitous blows and pressure
• Fracture modern shank bones of the bullock by striking and cutting them with flints and other stones
• Operate on fresh specimens to shape them by flaking and rubbing with a hard quartzite pebble

4. Methodological Bias and Knowledge Filtration

Mainstream science rejects anomalous evidence not because of flaws in data, but because accepting it would require abandoning established geological and evolutionary frameworks. Albert G. Ingalls wrote in Scientific American that asking science for man in the Carboniferous is like asking a historian for Diesel engines in ancient Sumeria.

The scientific establishment maintains an evolutionary consensus by applying a double standard, filtering out contradictory evidence, and relying on circular morphological dating.

Mainstream science applies an extreme double standard, rigorously rejecting anomalous modern human discoveries due to poor provenance while overlooking identical or worse provenance issues in accepted fossils. T. E. Lee's discovery of anomalously old stone tools at Sheguiandah in Canada was summarily dismissed for lacking strict stratigraphic controls, whereas Java man surface finds lacking any field notes or stratigraphic context are universally accepted in museum exhibits.

Beyond deliberate hoaxes, the field of paleoanthropology relies heavily on unconscious knowledge filtration, where data contradicting preconceived evolutionary theories is routinely reclassified or dismissed. Vayson de Pradenne described in his book Fraudes Archeologiques how preconceived ideas lead scientists to alter the stratigraphic presentation of prehistoric specimens without committing outright fraud.

Paleoanthropologists frequently employ morphological dating, assigning fossil ages based on how primitive or advanced they look in order to force them into a predetermined evolutionary sequence. At the Tongzi site, Homo sapiens teeth found alongside Middle Pleistocene fauna were assigned a Late Pleistocene age simply because of their advanced morphology. The Middle Pleistocene extends from 100,000 to 1 million years ago.

Mainstream paleoanthropology suppresses or ignores contradictory anatomical evidence to maintain a simple, marketable story of human evolution. C. Owen Lovejoy published claims in Scientific American asserting Lucy's humanlike pelvic structure without once mentioning the opposing peer-reviewed arguments of Oxnard, Stern, and Susman.

Nitrogen content in bones does not reliably indicate age because fine-grained geological matrices like clay can preserve proteins for millions of years. A woolly rhinoceros ulna from London embedded in clay was carbon dated to 30,000 years yet retained a nitrogen content of 3.42 percent. The approximate nitrogen content of fresh bone is 5 percent, and the Miocene deposit in Idaho is 17 million years old, yielding well-preserved plant and animal remains.

Fluorine and uranium dating methods are severely compromised by local variations in groundwater chemistry, rendering comparative dating between different sites highly uncertain. Oakley was forced to invoke tectonic instability and groundwater variations at Castenedolo to explain a high fluorine level in bones he preferred to classify as recent. The Castenedolo bones contained uranium oxide ranging from 9 to 32 parts per million.

Radiocarbon dating is highly vulnerable to contamination from environmental organic inclusions, leading to massive errors in absolute age determinations. Bada reported a bone from the Olduvai Gorge Upper Ndutu Beds that yielded a carbon 14 age of only 3,340 years despite geological evidence indicating it was over 29,000 years old. The half-life of radioactive carbon 14 is 5,730 years, and the effective age limit for standard radiocarbon dating is 40,000 years.

Scientific institutions systematically reject or adjust radiocarbon results that contradict established evolutionary timelines while accepting those that fit. P. A. Colinvaux rejected one third of his own radiocarbon dates in order to erect a chronology compatible with late Pleistocene and Recent history.

George Carter noted that when new ideas challenge previous assumptions, critics demand an unreasonably high order of certainty while accepting the old order without high proof. If rigorous scientific standards applied to controversial evidence were applied equally to accepted evidence, both would either have to be accepted together or rejected together.

10 Key Ideas

1. Crude stone artifacts and eoliths discovered in deeply buried Tertiary and pre-Pleistocene formations demonstrate that toolmaking beings existed millions of years before standard evolutionary timelines permit.

1. Identifying human manufacture in ancient stone tools requires a comprehensive diagnostic method analyzing multiple symptoms rather than relying on a single isolated criterion.

1. Numerous anatomically modern human skeletons excavated from undisturbed Pliocene, Miocene, and early Pleistocene strata challenge the orthodox linear model of human evolution.

1. Extraordinary human footprints, bones, and manufactured objects embedded in ancient Carboniferous, Mesozoic, and Precambrian strata reveal an exceptionally ancient human presence.

1. Manufactured objects and advanced artifacts recovered from primary ancient strata challenge conventional ideas about the age of human culture.

1. The scientific establishment maintains an evolutionary consensus by applying a double standard, filtering out contradictory evidence, and relying on circular morphological dating.

1. Mainstream science enforces an evolutionary consensus by systematically filtering out empirical evidence demonstrating that anatomically modern humans and advanced artifacts have existed on Earth for millions of years.

1. Mainstream paleoanthropology suppresses or ignores contradictory anatomical evidence to maintain a simple, marketable story of human evolution.

1. Nitrogen content in bones does not reliably indicate age because fine-grained geological matrices like clay can preserve proteins for millions of years.

1. If rigorous scientific standards applied to controversial evidence were applied equally to accepted evidence, both would either have to be accepted together or rejected together.