Agua Frio.—Permanent running water.
17.49.
Inscription Rock.—El Moro. Permanent springs.
14.23.
Ojo del Pescado.—Permanent springs.
11.74.
Zuñi.—Permanent running water.
ГОРА САН-ФРАНЦИСКО. На тропе капитана Уиппла от Альбукерке до реки Колорадо.
8.83.
Arch Spring.—Permanent spring.
10.77.
..........—No water.
19.69.
Jacob's Well.—Permanent water-hole.
7.04.
Navajo Spring.—Permanent springs.
12.13.
Willow Creek.—Rio de la Jara. Water in holes.
10.87.
Rio Puerco of the West.—Water in holes.
11.59.
Lithodendron Creek.—Permanent running water.
11.99.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
14.42.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
8.63.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
4.94.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
1.35.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
4.90.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
10.99.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
15.88.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
4.44.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
1.51.
Colorado Chiquito.—Permanent running water.
29.72.
Colinino Caves.—Permanent water-holes.
11.81.
Near San Francisco Spring.—No water; water 4 miles from camp.
10.46.
Leroux's Spring.—Permanent water.
8.23.
..........—No water.
6.17.
..........—No water.
8.54.
New Year's Spring.—Permanent spring.
9.77.
Lava Creek.—Water in hole.
9.89.
Cedar Creek.—Water in holes.
13.26.
Partridge Creek.—Water in holes.
3.89.
Partridge Creek.—Water in holes.
13.52.
Partridge Creek.—Water in holes.
0.87.
Picacho Creek.—Water in holes.
7.45.
..........—No water.
8.69.
Turkey Creek.—Permanent running water.
5.71.
Pueblo Creek.—Permanent running water.
6.67.
Pueblo Creek.—Permanent water in holes.
5.98.
Pueblo Creek.—Permanent water in holes.
5.80.
Cañon Creek.—Permanent water in holes.
12.16.
Cañon Creek.—Permanent water in holes.
0.30.
Cañon Creek.—Water in holes.
11.29.
Cañon Creek.—Water in holes.
9.64.
Cactus Pass.—Permanent running water.
7.97.
White Cliff Creek.—Permanent running water.
11.60.
Big Horn Springs.—Permanent spring.
КАНЬОН НА РУКАВЕ БИЛЛА УИЛЬЯМСА.
12.83.
Mouth of Cañon Creek.—Permanent running water.
9.21.
"Big Sandy" Creek.—Permanent running water.
4.35.
"Big Sandy" Creek.—Permanent running water.
6.21.
"Big Sandy" Creek.—Permanent running water.
4.08.
"Big Sandy" Creek.—Permanent running water.
6.10.
"Big Sandy" Creek.—Permanent running water.
5.56.
"Big Sandy" Creek.—Permanent running water.
6.44.
Mouth of Big Sandy Creek.—Permanent running water as far as the Colorado River.
6.52.
Rio Santa Maria.
8.97.
Rio Santa Maria.
6.85.
Rio Santa Maria.
7.22.
Rio Santa Maria.
3.90.
Rio Santa Maria.
8.69.
Rio Santa Maria.
4.33.
Mouth of Rio Santa Maria.
4.74.
On Colorado River.
5.02.
On Colorado River.
9.06.
On Colorado River.
11.39.
On Colorado River.
29.87.
On Colorado River.
ПИК АРТИЛЕРИИ.
1.02.
Mojave Villages.
9.46.
Crossing of the Colorado River.
0.33.
On Colorado River.
2.78.
On Colorado River.
20.71.
..........—The road, on leaving the Colorado, runs up over a gravelly ridge to a barren niesa, and descends the bed of the Mojave 4 or 5 miles above its mouth, and at 9-1/2 miles it passes springs near the point where the road turns around the western base of a mountain. There is no water at the camp, but grass in an arroya.
9.00.
Pai-Uté Creek.—This is a fine stream, with good water and grass.
13.00.
Arroyo.—Grass and wood; water is found by digging.
7.00.
Fine Spring.—Good water and grass. The wagon-road passes around the hills, but an Indian trail leads through the ravine where the spring is.
19.00.
Marl Spring.—This is a small but constant spring; excellent grass, and greasewood for fuel.
30.00.
Lake.—The road follows a ridge for some distance, then descends to an arroyo, and in a few miles emerges into a sandy plain, where there is the dry bed of a lake, which is firm, and makes a smooth, good road. The camp is at some marshy pools of water. Good grass, and greasewood for fuel.
12.00.
Mojave River.—Road passes through a valley of drifted sand, and at the camp strikes the river, which is here a beautiful stream of fresh water, 10 to 12 feet wide and a foot deep, with a hard, gravelly bottom. Grass in the hills near.
13.00.
Mojave River.—The road ascends the river, the banks of which are covered with fine grass and mesquite wood. Good camps along here.
20.00.
Mojave River.—The road leads up the river for a short distance, when it turns into an arroyo, and ascends to a low mésa, and continues along the border of a level prairie covered with fine bunch-grass. It then enters the river bottom again, which is here several miles wide, and well wooded. Grass good.
20.00.
Mojave River.—Six miles from camp the road strikes the Mormon road, and crosses the stream near a Mormon camping-place. The trail runs along the river, which gets larger and has more timber on its banks as it is ascended. Good grass, wood, and water.
22.00.
Mojave River.—A short distance from camp the valley contracts, but the road is good. It leaves the valley and crosses a gravelly ridge, but enters it again. Good grass, wood, and water.
15.00.
Mojave River.—Road continues along the right bank of the river, in a southwest course, and crosses the river at camp. Good wood, water, and grass.
29.50.
Cajou Creek.—The road leaves the river at the crossing, and runs toward a break in the San Bernadino Mountains; it ascends a sharp hill and enters a cedar thicket; it then ascends to the summit of the Cajou Pass; thence over a spur of the mountains into an arroyo or creek in a ravine; thence along the dry channel of the Cajou Creek for two miles, where the water begins to run, and from thence the road is rough to camp.
7.00.
Cajou Creek.—Road continues along the creek to camp, and is rough. Wood, water, and grass at camp.
20.00.
Cocomouga's Ranch.—On a pretty stream of running water. The road runs for six miles down the Cajou Creek, along its steep and rocky bed. It is here a good-sized stream. Captain Whipple's road here leaves the San Bernadino road, and turns to the west along the base of the mountains toward Los Angeles; it then crosses a prairie and strikes the ranch of Cocomouga. Wood, water, and grass.
24.00.
Town of El Monté.—The road runs upon the northern border of a basin which is watered by many small streams, and is settled. The camp is on the pretty stream of San Gabriel, where there is a good camping-place.
14.25.
City of Los Angeles.—The road passes the Mission of San Gabriel, then enters a ravine among hills and broken ground; it then descends and crosses the river which waters the valley, and enters the city. There is a good camp upon the point of a ridge on the left bank of the river.
23.00.
San Pedro.—Good camp.
XXI.— От Форт-Юмы до Бенисии, Калифорния. Из отчета лейтенанта Р. С. Уильямсона.
[Расстояния указаны в милях и сотых долях мили.]
Miles.
Fort Yuma, on Rio Colorado, to
6.51.
Pilot Knob.
5.06.
Algodones.
11.18.
Cook's Wells.
21.11.
Alamo Mocho.
14.16.
Little Laguna.
10.29.
Big Laguna.
12.92.
Forks of Road.—The left-hand road leads to San Diego, 139.94 miles, the right-hand to San Francisco.
17.62.
Salt Creek.
28.94.
Water in the Desert.—Below point of rocks.
12.60.
Cohuilla Village.
15.82.
Deep Well.
10.62.
Hot Spring.
7.36.
East base of San Gorgonio Pass.
18.29.
Summit of Pass.
27.10.
San Bernadino.—Mormon town.
17.60.
Sycamore Grove.
14.00.
Qui-qual-mun-go Ranch.
26.60.
San Gabriel River.—At crossing.
6.70.
Mission of San Gabriel.
9.00.
Los Angeles.
10.20.
Cahuengo Ranch.—At the crossing of a branch of Los Angeles River.
10.70.
Mission of San Fernando.
5.90.
Summit of San Fernando Pass.
7.15.
Santa Clara River, southeast fork.
15.80.
Summit of Coast Range.—In San Francisquito Pass.
18.00.
Eastern base of Sierra Nevada.
6.70.
Summit of Tejon Pass.
13.10.
Dépôt Camp in the Tejon.
31.00.
Kern River.—At the crossing.
10.80.
Dépôt Camp on Pose Creek, or "O-co-ya."
24.30.
White Creek.
14.90.
More's Creek.
5.10.
Tulé River.
22.00.
Deep Creek.—Deep Creek is the first of four creeks, crossed by the wagon-road, into which the "Pi-pi-yu-na" divides itself after emerging from the Sierra. These streams are commonly known as the "Four Creeks."
0.29.
Cameron Creek.—The second of the "Four Creeks."
3.30.
Kah-wee-ya River.—The third and principal one of the "Four Creeks."
0.89.
St. John's Creek.—The last of the "Four Creeks." At the crossing.
28.13.
Pool's Ferry.—On King's River.
12.32.
Slough of King's River.
25.73.
Fort Miller.—On San Joaquin River, in the foot-hills of the Sierra Nevada.
9.40.
Cottonwood Creek.
7.72.
Fresno River.
12.15.
Chowchilla River.—Sometimes known as "Big Mariposa."
10.39.
Mariposa River.
6.03.
Bear Creek.
18.33.
Merced River.
18.87.
Davis's Ferry.—Tuolumne River.
28.85.
Grayson.—A ferry on the San Joaquin River.
27.54.
Elk Horn.—The distance is by the wagon-road, and is circuitous.
6.90.
Summit of Livermore Pass.
7.20.
Egress from Livermore Pass.
40.42.
Martinez.—On the Straits of Carquives, opposite Benicia, California.
Общая дистанция от Форт-Юмы до Бенисии — 800,45 мили.
XXII.— Новый маршрут от Форт-Бриджера до Кэмп-Флойда, проложенный капитаном Дж. Х. Симпсоном, Армия США, в 1858 году.
Miles.
Fort Bridger to
6.
Branch of Black's Fork.—Wood, water, and grass.
7-1/4.
Cedar on Bluffs of Muddy.—Grass and wood all the way up the ravine from the Muddy, and water at intervals.
5-1/2.
Last water in ravine after leaving the Muddy.—Wood, water, and grass.
5-3/4.
East Branch of Sulphur Creek.—Wood, water, and grass. Junction of Fort Supply road.
1/2.
Middle Branch of Sulphur Creek.—Sage, Water, and grass.
3.
West Branch of Sulphur Creek.—Willow, water, and grass; spring a mile below.
5-1/4.
East Branch of Bear River.—Wood, water, and grass.
1/4.
Middle Branch of Bear River.—Wood, water, and grass.
2-3/4.
Main Branch of Bear River.—Wood, water, and grass.
9-3/4.
First Camp on White Clay Creek.—Wood, water, and grass.
5-1/4.
White Clay Creek.—Wood, water, and grass.
15.
White Clay Creek.—Good camps all along the valley of White Clay Creek.
3/4.
Commencement of Cañon.—Wood, water, and grass.
1/2.
White Clay Creek.—Good camps all along the valley of White Clay Creek to the end of the lower cañon.
12.
Weber River.—Wood, water, and grass.
6.
Parley's Park Road.—Wood, water, and grass. Pass over the divide.
3-3/4.
Silver Creek.—Willows, water, and grass.
6.
Timpanogos Creek.—Wood, water, and grass. Cross over the divide.
1.
Commencement of Cañon.—Wood, water, and grass.
24-1/2.
Cascade in Cañon.—Good camps at short intervals all along Timpanogos Cañon.
4-1/4.
Mouth of Cañon.—Wood and water.
6-1/4.
Battle Creek Settlement.—Purchase forage.
3-1/4.
American Fork Settlement.—Purchase forage.
3.
Lehi (town).—Purchase forage. Grass near.
2-3/4.
Bridge over Jordan.—Grass and water; wood in the hills 1-1/2 miles distant.
14.
Camp Floyd.—Wood, water, and grass.
Total distance from Fort Bridger to Camp Floyd, 155 miles.
Примечание.—Капитан Симпсон говорит, что эта колесная дорога гораздо лучше старой по уклону, наличию дров, воды и травы, а по расстоянию примерно такая же.
XXIII.— От Форт-Торна, Нью-Мексико, до Форт-Юмы, Калифорния.
[Расстояния указаны в милях и сотых долях мили.]
Miles.
Fort Thorne, N.M., to
14.30.
Water Holes.—One mile west of hole in rock. Water uncertain; no wood.
9.19.
Mule Creek.—-Water at all seasons a little up the creek; wood plenty.
12.00.
Cook's Spring.—Water sufficient for camping; mesquite bushes on the hills.
19.50.
Rio Mimbres.—Water and wood abundant.
16.30.
Ojo de la Vaca.—Water and wood.
12.00.
Spring.—Constant small streams two miles up the cañon; water at the road uncertain.
44.40.
Rancho.—Pond of brackish water one mile to the right, four miles before reaching here.
13.90.
Rio St. Simon.—Constant water a few miles up, and mesquite wood.
18.40.
Pass in the Mountains.—Water on the left about two miles after entering the Pass.
6.40.
Arroya.—Wood one mile up; water uncertain; small stream crossing the road 1-1/2 miles from last camp.
26.30.
Nugent's Spring.—Large spring.—Excellent water one mile south, at Playa St. Domingo.
17.20.
Cañon.—To the left of the road. Water 1-1/2 miles up the canon, two miles from the road.
17.00.
Rio San Pedro.—Water and wood abundant.
16.30.
San Pedro.—Water abundant; wood distant.
20.80.
Cienequilla.—Water and wood abundant.
7.30.
Along Cienequilla.—Water and wood abundant; road rough.
21.80.
Mission of San Xavier.—Large mesquite, and water plenty in Santa Cruz River.
8.00.
Tucson.—Village on Santa Cruz River. Tucson is the last green spot on the Santa Cruz River. The best camping-ground is two miles beyond the village, where the valley widens, and good grass and water are abundant.
7.20.
Mud Holes.—The road passes over arroyas, but is rather level.
65.00.
Agua Hermal.—Road passes over a desert section, and is hard and level. Water is found in most seasons, except in early summer, in natural reservoirs on an isolated mountain about midway, called "Picapo;" poor water and tall, coarse grass at the mud-holes. Road here strikes the Rio Gila.
15.10.
Los Pimos.—Road follows the river bottom. Lagoon of bad water near camp. Grass good; plenty of cottonwood and mesquite.
13.20.
Los Maricopas.—Road takes the river bottom, and passes through cultivated fields; soil and grass good. The Indian village is on a gravelly hill. The road is good.
40.00.
El Tegotal.—The road leaves the river and crosses the desert. No water between this and the last camp at the Maricopas' village. Road is good. The calita abounds here, and the mules are fond of it.
10.50.
Pega del Rio.—Road runs in the river bottom, and is level.
Rincon de Vega.—Road runs in the river bottom, and is level. Good grass.
10.50.
Mal Pais.—Road continues near the river, but over low gravel-hills and through a short cañon of deep sand.
9.50.
Mil Flores.—Pass over a very steep precipice to an elevated plateau, thence over gravel-hills 4-1/2 miles to camp, where there is excellent grass and wood.
13.70.
Santado.—Road keeps the river bottom until within four miles of camp, when it turns over the plateau. Good grass.
16.70.
Las Lonas.—Road follows the river bottom. Scattered bunch-grass on the hills.
11.40.
Vegas.—Road follows along the river bottom. Grass poor.
16.80.
Metate.—Road runs along at the foot of a rugged mountain. Excellent grass at the camp.
14.70.
El Horral.—Road ascends to the plateau, which it follows for seven miles over a level country, then descends over gravelly hills to the river. Camp on the river bank near the desert. Wood plenty.
20.80.
Los Algodones.—Road runs along at the foot of the hills or spurs of the desert; small rugged hills, vegetation dwarf mesquit, cacti, etc. Good grass at camp.
7.40.
Fort Yuma, on the Rio Colorado.
Total distance from Fort Thorne, N.M., to Fort Yuma, 571 miles.
XXIV.— Маршрут лейтенанта Брайана от Ларамийской переправы через Южный Платт до Форт-Бриджера через перевал Бриджера.
Miles.
Laramie Crossing to
14.
Bryan's Crossing.—Road runs on the south side of the Platte. Good grass and water.
12.
First Crossing of Pole Creek.—Pole Creek is a rapid stream, sandy bed, 15 feet wide, and two feet deep. Good grass on the creek, and wood three miles off on the bluffs.
37.
Second Crossing of Pole Creek.—Road runs along the creek. Good grass and good camps at any point. Good road.
17-1/4.
Third Crossing of Pole Creek.—Good camp. Wood on the bluffs.
20-1/2.
Fourth Crossing of Pole Creek.—Creek dry for three miles. Good grass.
20-1/4.
Bluffs covered with dead pines.—Creek is crossed several times. Road runs over a rough, broken country. Good grass.
14-1/2.
Road from Fort Laramie to New Mexico.—Road rather rough. The valley opens out into a wide plain. Plenty of grass.
10-1/2.
On Pole Creek.—Good road; good camp.
20.
On Pole Creek.—Road crosses several ravines, most of which can be avoided by keeping on the bluffs; the valley is narrow. Grass not very good.
17-1/2.
Cheyenne Pass.—Road passes over a rolling country. Good grass; willows for fuel. Military post established here.
14-1/2.
Summit of Black Hills.—Source of Pole Creek. Grass poor.
10-1/4.
East Fork of Laramie River.—Good camp.
16.
West Fork of Laramie River.—Good camp. Cherokee trail comes in here.
14.
Cooper's Creek.—Wood and grass.
10-1/2.
East Fork of Medicine Bow Creek.—Wood and grass as far as Pass Creek.
2-1/2.
Small Creek.
6.
Birch Creek.
5-1/4.
West Fork of Medicine Bow Creek.
2.
Flint's Creek.
3.
Elm Creek.
7.
Rattlesnake Creek.
5.
Pass Creek.
14-1/2.
North Fork of the Platte.—Good road over high prairie. Five miles before reaching the river the Cherokee trail turns to the left, and crosses three miles above. Good camps on the river.
3-1/2.
First Crossing of Sage Creek.—Good road. Grass not plenty.
10-1/2.
Second Crossing of Sage Creek.—Road runs through Sage Creek Valley; hilly, broken, and sterile country, covered with sage-brush. Grass not abundant. Cherokee trail leaves three miles back.
4.
Third Crossing of Sage Creek.—Road continues through sage-brush. Grass gets better.
3.
Fourth Crossing of Sage Creek.—Good grass, wood, and water.
9.
Bridger's Pass.—Road runs over a hilly country, crossing several small branches, with a little grass upon their banks; country covered with sage.
3-1/2.
Muddy Creek.—The valley of the "Muddy" is deep and narrow at first, and afterward opens out. The crossings of this creek were either bridged or paved by the troops in 1858. But little grass in this valley.
20-1/2.
Near Muddy Creek.—Very little grass; poor camp.
16-1/2.
Bridger's Fork of the Muddy Creek.—The road for thirteen miles runs over a rolling country, then over a rough, broken country, with deep ravines. No water in this fork in a dry season; small springs of brackish water near the crossing. Grass poor.
4.
Small Spring.—Water bad; grass poor.
2-1/2.
Small Spring.—In the bluff. Water bad; grass poor.
1.
Haystack.—Clay butte. Spring in the dry bed of the creek. Bunch-grass.
5-1/2.
Small Springs.—In bluffs on the right of the road. Grass poor and water bad.
7-1/2.
Springs.—There is a fine spring at the foot of a steep hill on the south side of the road. Very little grass; rushes on the creek.
3-1/2.
South Fork of Bitter Creek.—Good grass and water.
14-3/4.
On Bitter Creek.—Country hilly, and intersected with deep ravines. South Fork is a fine stream of good water.
16.
Sulphur Springs.—Road very hilly, crossing many deep ravines. Grass and sage plenty.
9.
Bitter Creek Crossing.—No grass at the crossing. Water bitter when the creek is down, but tolerable in high water. Road rough, with numerous ravines.