Lex Terræ, what, 355
Licences to marry, 131
Liberty of the subject, how advanced, 313
— how ascertained, 333
Littleton, 14, 15, 61, 73, 116, 124, 225, 229
Livery and seizen, 58, 59
Locke, Mr., 12
Longchamp Archbishop of Canterbury, 330
Lords feudal, their power over minors respecting marriage, 129
— respect paid by them to the person of their King, 171
— their power over their villeins, 224, 232
— of parliament in England, their rank, 187
— created by writ, or letters patent, 190
— privilege to their eldest sons, 192
— their titles extinct on surrender, 195
— their quality as noblemen, 187
— spiritual, 202
— lay, their form of trial, 204
Lombards, 4
Lupus, Hugh, 199
Lycurgus, 3
M
Markham, sir John, 368
Maud, 282, 284
Magna Charta specifies the quantum to be paid in relief, 110, 290
— misconstrued in the right of Lords to the disposal of minor heirs in marriage, 130
— restrains the alienation of lands, 150
— its designs, 154
— abolishes the right of talliage, 154, 171, 175
— summons to parliament settled thereby, 189
— its regulations of fines in the King’s court, 250
— abolishes the removal of the courts of justice, 312
— commentary thereon, 343 to the end
Manors how distributed by William the Conqueror to his followers, 163
Marriages, 133
Marshal, Earl, of England, 72
Морской суд. См. адмиралтейство
Mascon, council of, 88
Master of the Rolls, 310
Masters in Chancery, 309
— уполномочены составлять новые судебные приказы, там же.
Maxim of Law, 306, 341
Measures and weights, 351
Meath, county palatine of, 201
Merchant stranger, 174, 380
— denizen, 174
— enemies, 381
Military system (Old) its influence on law, 4
— power, danger of its subverting the civil and legal authorities, 95
— benefices, their rise among the Saxons, 261
— tenures, their service lightened by Henry II., 288
— abolished by Charles II., 150
— courts, 360
Minor heirs male, when deemed of age, 123
— in chivalry, when deemed of age, 124
— in socage, when deemed of age, 128
— female, in chivalry, when deemed of age, 124
— their marriages, how controuled by their Lords, 129
— when released from wardship, 132
Mittimus, essentials to render it legal, 369
Modus, payment of tithes by a, 91
Monarchy of France, 55, 56
— of England, its nature ascertained by the feudal laws, 16
— how changed, by estates becoming hereditary, 170
Monasteries, the firmest support of papal power, 83, 88
— tithes improperly applied to their use, 89
— raised on the suppression of the secular clergy, 91
Money, its present decreased value, 69
Monopolies, 185
Montesquieu, 2, 28, 31, 38, 53, 178
Moses, 3, 7
Mowbray, Lord, 192
Murder, why not punished with death among the ancient Germans, 41
— how punished by the Saxons, 252
N
Neif, 227, 230, 232
Nisi Prius, Justices of, 248
Norfolk, Earl of, his dispute with Edward I., 70
Northern nations become formidable to the Roman empire, 43
Notorieties of a fact, how regarded in feudal grants, 60
O
Oath of fealty, from whence to be traced, 31
— taken by the Saxons, 259
Officers of Courts, where to be sued, 318
Officina brevium, 306
Oleron, laws of, 331
Oligarchy introduced into England, 182
Ordeal trial among the Franks, 37
— continued after the Norman conquest, 40
Ormond, Earl of, 201
— Duke of, 133
Overbury, Sir Thomas, 374
Outlawry, 356
— proclamation to be made by statute, 31st Elizabeth, 358
P
Païs des coutumes, 52
— de loi ecrite, там же.
Pares curiæ, 58, 59, 96, 116, 119
Paris, Matthew, 186, 188
Parliament of England, its ancient constitution, 187, 193, 202, 213
— its judicature, 319
Patron, lay, his interest in presentative advowsons, 81
— inverted with donatives by grants from the Pope, 83
— possessed a power of deprivation, 85
Пэр. См. лорды парламента
Peeress, who are her peers, 353
Pelagius, 143
Pembrige, Sir Richard, 373
Pepin, 113
Persian Empire, 43
Pembroke, Earl of, 343
Philip of France, 332, 338
Plantagenets, 209
Pleas of the crown, 301
Pole, Michael de la, 193
Папы. См. епископы Рима
Posse of the county, 292
Possessions, corporeal, 74
— incorporeal, 74, 78, 87, 95
Pounds overt and covert, 103
Precedence of Peers, how settled by parliament, 196
Primogeniture, 137
Prisage of wines, 73
Privileges of the subject, whence derived, 16
— of the distinct parts of the legislature, 217
Privileged persons, how to be sued, 307
Proclamations royal, when and how far legal, 183
— conduct of Henry VIII. relative to them, 184
— их сила в царствование Елизаветы, там же.
— baneful consequences attending the arbitrary use of them, 185
Professors of Laws, 13
Property, its division, 35
— земель, где находились у франков, там же.
Provisorship, 344
Provosts, 210
Punishments inflicted by the ancient courts of law, for public and private wrongs, 251
— for false imprisonment, 370
Purbeck, Lord, 194
Purchases new, how descendible, 144
Purveyance for the King, 256, 257
Q
Quo Warranto, writ of, 301
R
Rachat, or Repurchase, 110
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 376
Ranks of the people in the Saxon times, 253
Ravishment of wards, 132
Record, matter of, 306
Records of France, lost at the battle of Poictiers, 312
Recognizance, 155, 308
Ректорская десятина. См. десятина
Register of writs, 309
Refuting the fief, 145
Reliefs or fines, 107
— wherein burdensome to the tenant, 109
— altered by Henry II., 290
— fixed by Magna Charta, 110
— and heriots, their difference, 257
Remainder derived from a reversion, 96
Rent charges, 99
Replevin, 104
Reversion, right of, in land, 96
— fealty and service incidental thereto, 97
— при наступлении случайных обстоятельств, там же.
Richard I., 329, 332
Richard II., 181, 183
Right of entry for possession, 59, 65
— иск, там же.
Rome, its famous academies, 7
— taken by the Goths, 45
Roman imperial law, 19
— empire, 42
— emperors, 186
— estates, 51
— patron and client, 19, 20
Romans, their policy respecting conquered nations, 22
— become socage tenants to the church, 54
— their condition under the Franks, 111
S
Salic Law, 52
Sergeanty, grand, 70
— various kinds, 72
— ранг, способный исполнять ее, там же.
— для каких целей предоставлялись, там же.
— butlerage held thereby in the family of Ormond, 73
— мелкие, там же.
Satisfaction for petty crimes, how regulated by the Franks, 41
Saxons, the nature of their primitive laws, 4
— their government in England, how far feudal, 33, 212, 243
— admit the ordeal trial in determining causes, 40
— the authority of their Kings, whence derived, 179, 180
— their courts of law, 246, 250
— method of trial therein, 250, 251
— punishments inflicted, 252
— nature of their tenures, 254, 265
Scire facias, writ of, 219, 305
Scotland, method of studying the law there, 18
— its parliament not divided into two houses, 202
Seal, used in the first written instruments, 60
Sealing of instruments, why more strictly authenticating them than signing, 273
Seignory, 95
Sergeants at law, 313
Service from a tenure, how dependant on the nature of the grant, 96
— when required by the lord, 97
— rent, 98
— превращены в rent seck статутом Эдуарда I, там же.
Sharrburn, Edwin, his lands restored by William the Conqueror, 264
Sheriffs, their power in making replevins, 104
— порядок судопроизводства по ним, там же.
— appointed to restrain the power of the Earls, 199
— nature of their court, 246
— nature of their court altered by William the Conqueror, 272
— their ignorance of law, 296
Socage tenures, their increased value, 70
Socage tenants, 47, 224, 289
— nature of the grants to them, 50
— subject to distress instead of forfeiture, 97
— relief paid by them to their lords, 110
— lands granted for life, 57
— free and common, 72
— petty sergeanty, 73
— its derivation, 69
Society political, for what purposes instituted, 1
— обязательства, которые она налагает на лиц, там же.
Sons, the inheritance obtained by the eldest, 137
— succeeded equally to the father, 135
Spaniards, 22
Special verdict, 356
Spelman, Sir Henry, 13, 198, 258
Statute of Ethelwolf, 90
— Альфред, там же.
— Эдгар, там же.
— Edward I. quia emptores terrarum, 99, 146, 149, 384
— Edward I. de donis, 121
— 34th Edward I., 211
— 17th Edward II. de prerogativa regis, 150
— for compounding a Knight’s fee, 208
— of Marlebridge, 101, 103, 104, 345
— respecting knighthood conferred on minors, 124
— of Merton, 131
— Westminster I., 132, 368
— Westminster II., 132, 159, 309
— Mortmain, 151
— Merchant, 154
— of writ of elegit, 156
— Elizabeth concerning bankrupts, 157
— concerning outlawry, 358
— of William the Conqueror, 265
— 8th Henry VI. chap. 5., 216
— Poyning’s, 221
— 28th Henry VIII. suspending Poyning’s law, 222
— Филипп и Мария в отношении Ирландии, там же.
— ancient and present, manner of enacting them, 217
Stewardship, High, of England, 72
Stephen, King, 284
Stilicho, 44, 45
Strange, Baron of, 193
Strongbow, 201
Stuart, house of, 183
Study of the law in Great Britain, 6
— proper method, 7
— causes of difficulty therein, 12, 13
— reasons for beginning with the law of things instead of that of persons, 14
— promoted by fixing the courts of justice, 313
Substitute, when allowed in aid from a vassal, 64
Subvassals, 33, 57, 65
Succession royal by descent, 137, 138, 139, 143
— collateral, 139, 140
— to estates, how rendered hereditary, 107, 110, 144
— of sons to the father, 135
T
Tacitus, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 35, 36
Talliage, 71, 153, 173, 174
Taxes, how assessed, 174
Tenants by sufferance, 50
— allodial, 111
— not allowed to alienate, 118
— copyhold, whence derived, 238
— when subject to fines to their lord, 239
— их право отчуждения, как ограничено, там же.
— in frankalmoine or free alms, 267
— in capite, 383
Toga virilis, what, 34
Феодальные владения. См. лены
— subject to fealty, 57
— military, how forfeited, 65
— when abolished, 68
— of the crown, obligations therefrom, 187
— hereditary, 65
— the nature of those now held, 69
— Saxon, 254
— in ancient demesne, 224, 241, 288
Temple, the, granted to the practitioners of the law, 313
Thanes, 253, 258
Tipperary, its palatinate, 201
Tithes introduced among the Franks by Charles Martel, 54
— when established by law, 80
— allocated from the bishop to the parish priest, 82
— an incorporeal benefice, 86
— originally what, 87
— впервые введены в Египте, там же.
— как распределялись там, там же.
— как сделаны обязательными, там же.
— forgeries concerning them, 88
— divided into rectorial and vicarial, 89
— как выплачивались в Англии во время гептархии, там же.
— when made payable to the parish priest, 91
— монастырские земли освобождены от них, там же.
— урегулированы посредством modus, там же.
— Cranmer’s intention concerning them, 92
— when established in England on the footing they now stand, 93
— их три вида, там же.
Transportation, 273
Traders and artizans admitted into the general assembly of the people in the thirteenth century, 34
Treasurer of England, 249
— presided in the Exchequer court, 300
Trinoda necessitas, 256, 264
Trial, methods of, among the old Germans, 37
— received into England, 39
— свидетельскими показаниями, там же.
— ордалии. См. ордалия
— by negative proof, 40
— by battle, 250
— by grand assize, 251
— судом присяжных, там же.
— by deposition, 353, 364
Tudor, house of, 183, 209
U
Vandals, 45
Vassals (military) their connections with their king, 31
— bound by an oath of fealty for life, 56
— immediate of the king, who, 65
— now represented by the parliament, 62
Villein-land, 226
Villein, a name given to slaves and servants, 47
— nature of the grants made to them, 50
— whom reduced to that state, 174
— feudal, 224, 225
— their property, 226
— when allowed to bring actions against their lord, 229
— their right of purchasing land, 227
— power of their lords over their property, 228
— causes of their decrease in England, 237
Villenage, how destroyed and suspended, 232
Ulster, county palatine of, 201
Uncle, the heir of his grand nephew, 139
University of Dublin, its situation for the study of the law, 12
— of Oxford, 10
Universities, 7, 11, 12
Voucher, appearance upon, 65
Uses, doctrine of, 151, 241
Usury, 4
Uses and Trust, 388
W
Wager of the law, 40, 250, 352
Wages to members of parliament, how to be levied, 101
Wardship in chivalry, laws respecting it, 123, 126
— in socage, 127
— how differing from wardship in chivalry, 128
— обязательства опекуна, там же.
— penalty on marriage without the consent of the lord, 129
— its evils, 133
— not comprehended in Saxon tenures, 261
Warranty, 119
— collateral, 164
Warwick, Earl of, 133
Waste, committing of, 66
William the Conqueror, 137, 163, 212, 258, 262, 264, 266, 267, 268, 270, 273, 274
— Rufus, 278
Wills and testaments, unknown to the Franks, 35
— lands not devisable thereby, 145
— how rendered devisable, 151, 152
— required to be in writing, 152
— дальнейшие требования, там же.
— copyholds not devisable thereby, 240
Wiltshire, John, 72
Wittenagemots of the Saxons, 180, 212
Wright, 265
Writ of chancery to recover by replevin, 104
— election to parliament, 190, 191
— error, 200, 316
— nativo habendo, 231
— assize, 293
— false judgment, 297
— scire facias, 219, 305
— original, 308
— by a master in chancery, 309
— de odio & atia, 351
— of capias, 357
— alias, там же.
— pluries, там же.
— exigent, 358
— entry, 365
— de homine replegiando, 371.
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