Р. Н. Холл

«Великий Зимбабве, Машоналенд, Родезия»

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Пол из обожженной глины толщиной 1 фут, разбросанные блоки и гранитная крошка, почва влажная на глубину 2 фута и сырая на несколько дюймов выше материнской породы, которая разложилась и легко отслаивается.

Материнская порода обнаружена на глубине 12 футов 7 дюймов, с уклоном 7 дюймов на 3 фута 6 дюймов к востоку-северо-востоку.

По бокам виден ярко-желтый гранитный песок высокой плотности, без камней.

Шурф № 3. — Южная сторона ограждения № 5.

Диаметр 3 фута 9 дюймов.

Пол из обожженной глины толщиной 6 дюймов.

Песок красный наверху и желтый внизу; камней нет.

Коренная порода покрыта слоем разложившегося гранита толщиной 1 фут с афитовой крошкой, поверхность породы шероховатая и сильно разложившаяся; афитовая крошка.

Материнская порода обнаружена на глубине 10 футов 1 дюйм.

Уклон породы 4 дюйма на 3 фута 4 дюйма в восточном направлении.

Дно очень сырое.

Шурф № 4. — Между ограждением № 5 и Центральной площадью.

Диаметр 3 фута 6 дюймов.

Обожженная глина толщиной 9 дюймов и мелкие камни, образующие постель для глины.

Красная велдская почва толщиной 2 фута.

Разложившийся гранит толщиной 1 фут 8 дюймов над породой.

Остальное ярко-желтое и плотное.

Материнская порода обнаружена на глубине 12 футов 1 дюйм, демонстрируя уклон 3 дюйма на 3 фута к северу и северо-востоку.

Дно очень сырое.

Шурф № 5. — Западная сторона ограждения № 6.

На глубине 11 футов материнская порода не обнаружена, но щупы показали породу на 3 фута 4 дюйма ниже; углублять шурф небезопасно. Почва очень сырая.

Шурф № 6. — Восточный конец ограждения № 6.

На глубине 14 футов нет никаких признаков породы.

Шурф № 7. — Центр зоны платформы.

На глубине 12 футов нет признаков породы; дно сырое.

Шурф № 8. — Центр Центральной площади.

На глубине 8 футов следов породы нет. Шурф прошел через два глиняных пола, а ниже — через один гранитный цементный пол.

Центральная площадь перед пробивкой шурфа была предварительно расчищена на глубину 5 футов.

УКАЗАТЕЛЬ

Аболоси. См. Бароси

Руины Акрополя —

Situation, 3

First impressions of, 5

Вид с них, 6–11

Закат на них, 24–30

Описание, 276–362

Юго-восточный подъем, 276–294

Нижний парапет, 282–286

Скалистый проход, 286–288

Верхний парапет, 288–290

Original heights of walls, 290, 291

Ascent from coast route, 291, 292

Possible ancient scenes on ascent, 293, 294

Dentelle Pattern on ascent, 285, 289

Западное ограждение, 294–296

Западный храм, xxviii , xxix , 297–309

North Wall, 298, 299

West Wall, 299, 300

Monoliths and Conical Towers, 300, 302

Architecture and construction of West Wall, 302, 303

South Wall, 303, 304

East side of Western Temple, 304

Центр дуги Западной стены, 304–307

Covered Passage, 307

Platform Cave, 307, 308

Stairs to Platform, 308

Parallel Passage, 308

Internal walls, xxix, 308, 309

Sections of floors, xxviii, xxix, 309

Ограждение на платформе, 310–312

Cleft Rock Enclosure, 312, 313

The Platform, 313–315, 441, 442

Balcony Wall, 315

Little Enclosure, 315, 316

The Winding Stairs, 316

Upper Passage, 316

East Passage, 316

Buttress Passage, 317, 318

South Enclosure A, 318

South Cave, 319, 320

South Passage, 320

South Enclosure B, 320, 321

South Enclosure C, 321

Central Passage, 321

Восточный храм, 323–335

Section of Eastern Temple, 324

Plan of Eastern Temple, 326

Dentelle Pattern at Eastern Temple, 328

Bent’s “altar” at Eastern Temple, 333

The Ancient Balcony, 335, 336

Gold Furnace Enclosure, 337, 338

Balcony Cave, 337

Balcony Enclosure, 336

Upper Gold Furnace Enclosure, 338

Pattern Passage, 338, 339

Step Pattern, 339

Recess Enclosure, 340, 341

North Plateau, 341, 342

North Parapet, 342, 343

Северо-западный подъем, 344–349

Руины Водяных ворот, 349–353

Ограждения с террасами на северо-западном склоне холма, 353–357

South Terrace, 357, 358

Outspan Ruins, 279, 358–362

Aden (Eudaemon), 67

Almaquah (Venus or Ashtaroth), Sabæan Divinity, 108, 194

Amangwa Tribe, 53, 57, 59, 84, 85, 91

Древняя архитектура в Зимбабве , 135–192

Sabæans (Himyarites) as builders, xxxii, xxxvii (note), 136, 193, 194

Degree of durability of walls, 138

Разрушения, 139–148

Makalanga walls within ruins, xxix, 149–152, 312, 336, 373

Some other walls not ancient, xxvii, xxix, 152

Makalanga huts within ruins, xx, xxix, 149–156, 365, 368, 373, 413

Проходы, 156–162

Входы и контрфорсы, 162–166

Dilapidations to entrances and buttresses, 166, 167

Дренажные отверстия, 168–172

Наклон стен, 172–174

Монолиты, 174–176

Монолиты из талькохлорита, 176–178

Количество монолитов, остающихся более или менее вертикальными, 178–180

Slate and granite beams, 180, 181

Cement dadoes, 181–182, 240, 372, 375, 383

Built-up crevices, 182, 183

Holes in wall other than drains, 183, 184, 423

Blind steps and platforms, 184, 185, 236, 240, 254, 261, 385

Древние стены на расстоянии от любых главных руин имеют менее высокое качество строительства, 185–187

Цемент, 187–189

Древние люди, пещеры и каменные отверстия ( см. Пещеры ), 189–192

Recesses, 340, 341, 379

“Sentry-boxes,” 374, 430

Ancient clothing, surmise as to, 293

Ancient output of gold, 292

Древние реликвии, обнаруженные в Зимбабве , 102–135

Inventory of, 142, 148

Ancient road, Zimbabwe and Sofala, Taunton, 63, 74

Арабские «находки» в Зимбабве —

Box, 116

Lamp chain, 116

Lamp-stand, 118

Iron keys, 122

Calcedony beads, 126

Glass, 128

Pottery, 131, 436

Arab gold and ivory traders, 67

Арабская торговая фактория в Зимбабве , 132–134

Площадь руин Зимбабве , xv-xvii

Arowi Kopje, 11, 66, 69, 95

Астарота. См. Альмаках

Bailey, Thomas, grave of, 19

Baranzimba’s kraal, 10, 16, 52

His old kraal, 52, 57

The headman, 41, 88

Barbosa, Duarte (1514), on the Makalanga, 123, 132, 133

Баротсе (Бароси, Мароси, Вароси, Аболоси) —

Derivation and origin of, 81, 82

Excellent stone-builders, 82, 85

Jerri’s people Barotse, 82

Head kraal at Zimbabwe, 8, 83, 424

Resided in the ruins, 83

Resided on Bentberg, 153

Totem of race, 91

Тотем племени, 91–92

Pottery, 129

Kraal of Motumi, 58

Baduma Tribe, 91, 94

Beads, 126

Gold, 113

Calcedony, 126

Porcelain, 132

Glass, 132

Ivory and bone, 126

Unknown to natives, 306

Бент, член Королевского географического общества, Теодор , xv , xvii , xxix , 3 , 8 , 18 , 35 , 39 , 55 , 64 , 106 , 108 , 109 , 111 , 112 , 125 , 135 , 151 , 161 , 171 , 193 , 195 , 198 , 208 , 209 , 218 , 221 , 222 , 223 , 226 , 234 , 242 , 244 , 245 , 265 , 272 , 273 , 295 , 296 , 304 , 306 , 327 , 338

Bentberg Hill (Matusa), 7, 8, 9, 137

Ruins on, 424

Benzi, nickname of the present Mogabe, 42

Beroma Range, 11, 31, 49, 51, 63

Beroma Ruins, 68, 69

Besa Mountains, 10

Bethûl, “dwelling-place of God” of Phœnicians, 15

Bingura, Amangwa chief, 57

Bingura’s kraal, 9, 17, 57, 58, 84

Bingura’s Path, 56, 59, 137

Bingura’s Path Ruins, 425

Brass articles, bangles and wire, 123, 124

Brass bartered for by Makalanga (1514), 123

« Груди царицы Савской », на хребте Берома, Зимбабве. См. Марсги и Суэба

British South Africa Company, 2, 3, 279

Bryce, Professor, on Makalanga stone buildings, 151

Budge, Dr. (British Museum), opinion on Arabian glass, 128

О «находках» в более поздних руинах, xv , xv , xxvi

Bungu, Makalanga Headman, 55

Места захоронений древних людей , поиски, xvii-xviii

Bushman paintings absent from Zimbabwe district, 192

Byblos, Temple of, in Phœnicia, compared with Great Zimbabwe, xxxix, 245

Лагерные руины № 1 и № 2 , 414–419

Calcedony beads, 126

Prof. Flinders Petrie’s opinion on, 126

Пещеры , 189–192

At Wuwuli, 55

Chibfuko, 59

Chicagomboni, 61

Mapaku, 63, 70

Majerri, 73

Nini, 86

South Cave, 319, 320

Balcony Cave, 337

Chamananga (Middle Kopje), 56

Chenga, Makalanga headman, derivation and position, 11, 17, 31, 41, 57

Chenga Ruins, 66, 67, 426, 427

Chenga and MaDavid’s Path Ruins, 428

Cherimbila, Makalanga chief, 10

Renders died at kraal, 62

Stone buildings at kraal, 152

Узор шеврон в—

Majerri Ruins, 73

Elliptical Temple, 147, 211–213

Chibfuko Hill, 10

Caves at, 59

Chicagomboni Hill, 61

Chickwanda’s kraal, 95

Chinaka’s kraal, 72

China, Nankin, 130

Arabian, 131

Sketch of, with Arabic lettering, 131, 436

Chinongu’s kraal, 11

Chipadzi’s kraal, 52, 59, 60, 61

Chipfuno (late Mogabe), 42, 55

Chipo-popo Falls, 51

Коморские острова , заселенные евреями при Соломоне, xxxvii

Condor, Colonel, Syro-Arabian archæologist, 4

Конические башни в—

Эллиптический храм, 240–246

Traces on walls, 208

Western Temple, 297, 300–302

Outspan Ruins, 361

Philips Ruins, 380, 381

Posselt Ruins, 372

Byblos, xxxix, 245

Медные изделия , 115–116

Sheathing, 115

Spearheads, 115, 116

Wire, 116

Cakes and slag, 116

Ore, 116

Cupolas, 116

Chain, 116

Box, bangles, finger-rings, 116

Coral, finds of, 134

Cotopaxi Mountain, 10

Cowrie shells, finds of, 133

De Barros (1552) mentions Zimbabwe, xxvi, 132

Делич, Ф. , о знаках вавилонского зодиака, xxxviii

Зубчатый узор на—

Conical Tower, 243

S.E. ascent, 285, 289

Platform of Western Temple, 314

Eastern Temple, 325, 328

Derembghe’s kraal, 95

Doro (Dorah), native beer, 16, 18, 45, 46

Drew, Mr. Alfred, Native Commissioner, Victoria district, 2, 59, 81, 82, 85, 86, 152, 156

East Kopje (Mazanda), 64

Восточные руины , 420–423

Эдвардс, горный инженер, покойный Телфорд , о древних рудниках Родезии, xxvii ;

о террасированных склонах Иньянги, xxxiv

Elliptical Temple, 3

First impressions of, 4

Воскресное утро в нем, 13–16

Полночь в нем, 16–24

Goldsmith’s shop in, 256

Formation rock under, 449, 450

План, xxiii , 193–197

Строительство, 197–199

Измерение главной стены, 199–204

Вершина главной стены, xxiii , 205–210

Фундаменты, 210–211

Вероятный возраст стен, xxiii

Узор шеврон, 211–213

Ground surface of exterior of, 213–215, 449, 450

Северо-западный вход, 216–218

Plan of, 217

Северный вход, xx , 218–222

Plan of, 219

Западный вход, 222–224

Enclosure Nos. 1–7, xxii, 7, 225–236

Священное ограждение, 237–240

Коническая башня, 240–244

Small Tower, 244

Bent on import of, 244, 245

Dr. Schlichter, do., 245, 246

Параллельный проход, xx , 246–250

The Platform, 251, 252

No. 9 Enclosure, xxii, 253, 254

〃 10 〃 xxii, 254, 256

〃 11 〃 257–260

〃 12 〃 260, 261

〃 13 〃 261, 262

〃 14 〃 262, 263

〃 15 〃 263, 264

Central Area, xxii, 264, 265

Зона платформы, xxi , xxii , 265–267

Cement platform, 267

Внутренний параллельный проход, 267–269

Южный проход, 269–271

West Passage, 272, 273

N.E. Passage, 273, 274

Outer Parallel Passage, 274, 275

Eudaemon (Aden), 67

Исследования в Зимбабве —

Выдержки из отчетов автора правительству, 437–442

Эцион-Гевер , золотой рынок, xxii

Joint port of Jews and Phœnicians, 67

Finger Rock (Morgenster), 51

Flux on gold scorifiers, analysis of, 114

Инородные камни в Зимбабве: долерит, кварц, яшма, серпентин, халцедон, горный хрусталь, метаморфический сланцевый шпат, слюдяной сланцевый шпат, железняк, медная руда, кремни, железо, кремний, 125

Frond Glen, 51

Фуко-я-Небандже — машоналендская реликвия, 86–88

Галлуа, Л. , приписывает родезийские памятники химьяритам, xxxvii

Стеклянные находки —

Venetian, 127

Arabian, 128

Dr. Budge’s opinion thereon, 128

Gobele’s kraal, 60, 71

Золотые изделия —

Two periods of gold manufacture at Zimbabwe, xix, xx, 111

Gold crucibles, 112, 113

Gold beads, 113

Beaten gold, 113

Gold tacks, 113

Bar and cake gold, 113

Gold bangles, 114

Gold scorifiers, 114

Dr. Hahn’s opinion on, 114, 115

Goruma Hill, 71

Government notices to visitors, 3, 433, 434

Грандидье, Альфред , о ранних связях израильтян с Мадагаскаром и Коморскими островами, xxxvii

Hahn, Dr. P. Daniel, metallurgical chemist, opinion on gold scorifiers, 111, 114, 115

On soil under west wall of temple, xxv, 210, 211

On metamorphic slate, 257

Хейг, генералы , о террасированных склонах Южной Аравии, xxxiv

Hand-clapping, 100

Havilah, of Scripture, identified with Rhodesia, xxxii, 15, 68

Лагерь Хавила , Зимбабве —

Residence of author, 2, 16

День в нем, 31–50

Вечер в нем, 48–50

Hayles, Mr. H. H., of Victoria, 3

Helm, Dr. John, of “Morgenster,” 53, 81, 363

Узор «елочка» —

Carved, 110

On wall, 352

Химьяриты , строители самых ранних родезийских памятников, xxxii , xxxvii (прим.)

Источник их продовольственных запасов, xxxiii

Их старый семитский язык долго сохранялся в Абиссинии (геэз) и до сих пор сохраняется в Южной Аравии (эхкили), xli

Humours of Explorations, 48

I’daha (hemp) smoking, 45

Idumean Jew, impression of, xxxvii, 101

Ingot moulds, double claw-hammer-shaped, 110

Straight bar moulds, 111

Ingumaruru Hill, 71

Inner Defence Wall, 358, 359

Надпись исчезнувшего Великого Зимбабве, вероятно, посткораническая, xlii

Химьяритские и финикийские надписи, объяснение их отсутствия на родезийских памятниках, xxxix-xlii

Поиски, xviii , xix

Опись реликвий и находок , обнаруженных автором в Зимбабве, 442–448

Железные изделия , обнаруженные —

Hoes, 116

Picks, 117

Chisels, 118

Spoon, spearhead, lamp-stand, bangles, 118

«Ошейники» и «туфли», 119

Forked instrument and pincers, 120, 121

Gongs, 121, 122

Rod or sceptre, keys (conjectured), 122

Smelting furnaces, 123

Район Иньянга , его террасированные склоны, xxxiv

Его «ямы для рабов» сравнительно недавнего происхождения, xxxv

Its terraces dissimilar to Zimbabwe terraces, 354

Inyuni Hills, 11, 69

Isafuba game, 32, 43, 44, 45

Holes on Rusivanga, 425

Holes at S.E. Ruins, 397

I’zhuba Kuru (Sunday), 46

Jerri’s people, Barotse tribe, 82

Lived at Khami Ruins till 1836, 82

Now live at Jerri Mountains, South Mashonaland, 82

Kaprazine, the Monomotapa in 1620, 133

Kafir (Kaffir), derivation of, 30

Keane, Dr. A. H., his solution of the “Gold of Ophir” question, xxxi-xliii, 3

Руины Хами

Jerri’s people (Barotse) lived here till 1836, 82, 121

Some walls at, similar to Barotse walls in Zimbabwe district, 426

Livouri Mountains, 9, 10

Niande Hill at, 10, 62, 69, 76

Louw, Rev. A. A., “Morgenster,” 53, 81

Lovugwe country, 11

Lumbo Rocks, 8

Described, 52

Stones from, 180

Lumbo kraal, 88

Мадагаскар , его ранние связи с евреями, xxxvii

Королевство Магдошу , xxvi

Mahobohobo trees, 53, 60, 79, 155

Majerri Ruins, 65, 73

Макалангцы («Люди Солнца»), 80–101

Appearance of, 2, 6

Праздники полнолуния, 16–24

Feasts of new moon, 27

Dread of ruins at night, 19

Рабочие, 31–50

Letter-runners, 33

Dual character, 38

Defilement by touching dead, 43

I’daha smokers, 45

Doro drinkers, 45, 46

Talking distances, 47

Blood-cupping, 55

Sunday, 46

Mystic Bar, 57

Chibfuko Hill, veneration of, 59

Will not disclose ruins, 68

Light-skinned boy, 73

Women’s skin pattern, 74, 96

Where found to-day, 81

Language polished, 81

Makalaka, a nickname for, 81, 90

Once a powerful nation, 80

At Zimbabwe, sixteenth century, 80

Excellent stone-builders, 82, 151

Used ruins as cattle kraals, 83

Barbosa, refers to, 123, 132, 133

Check pattern on huts, 74

Name for Elliptical Temple, 85

Idea of origin of ruins, 85, 86

Agricultural and pastoral people, 89, 95

Intellectual and physical superiority of, 89

Contact with Portuguese, 90

Totem of Zimbabwe, 90

Objects of veneration, 91

Insects eaten by, 92

Astronomical ideas, 92

Sacrifices by, 93, 259, 270

Burial customs, 94, 95

Manufactures, 95

Dress, 96

Witchcraft, 97

Harmony, 97

Proverbs, 98

Whorls, 99

Salutations, 100

Jewish customs, 100, 101

Of 1514 bartered gold for brass, 123

Pottery, 40, 41, 129, 130

Occupied Elliptical Temple until sixty years ago, 254

Makuma Kopje, 9, 26, 32, 33, 160

Mamba, or Mombo, old dynastic title of Barotse chiefs, 82

Manamuli’s kraal, 72

Mandarali’s kraal, 65

Mandindindi’s Ruin, 71

Mangwa (Morgenster), 84

Mapaku Ruins (“Little Zimbabwe”), 7, 11, 60, 63, 292, 428–432

Mapaku kraal, 70

Mapudzi Stream, 7, 59, 61, 66

Мароси. См. Бароси .

Marota’s kraal, 72

Marsgi Hill (one of “Sheba’s Breasts”), 11, 66, 69

Mashona, derivation of, 80

Masua’s kraal, 63, 95

Masungye, 84

Mauch, Dr. Karl, German scientist, 9, 62, 185, 242, 243, 270

Руины Мауха , 392–396

Maund Ruins, “find” at, 110

Описание, 383–386

Matgwain, a Barotse, 59

Mazanda (East Kopje), 64

Mazili River, 72

Meziro River, 71, 72

Middle Kopje (Chamananga), 56

Милтон, сир У. Х. , xxx

Mogabe, the, Handisibishe, 2, 6, 39, 40, 42, 83, 84, 85, 279

His kraal, 16

Mogabe, the late, Chipfuno, 6, 55, 84, 218, 279, 333, 355

Mogabe, the late, Molinye, 84

Mogabe, the late, Mokomo, 312

Mogoma’s kraal, 62, 63

Mojejèje (Mystic Bar), 55, 57

Molembo Tribe, their Jewish customs, 101

Metal smiths, 111

Monomotapa, the, 80, 85

Kapranzine (1620), 133

Pedro (1643), 133, 280

« Миссия Моргенстер », 52

Moro! salutation, origin of, 100

Мосха , порт «Офира», 67

Moshagashi Valley, 1, 11

Moshagashi River, 10, 51, 69

Mowishawasha Valley, 8, 53

Mowishawasha Hill, 10, 54, 59

Motelekwe River, derivation of, 7, 9, 11, 53, 54, 60, 125, 291

Motuminshaba Hill, 11

Motumi (a Barotse headman), 58

His kraal, 58, 59, 63

Motusa (Bentberg), 7, 8

M’Tijeni’s kraal, 11

M’Tima’s kraal, 10

M’uali (the chief spirit; in some districts the prophet of the Deity), 19, 94

Müller, Professor, on Zimbabwe, 193

Munda (a Makalanga headman), 73, 74

Мистический брусок. См. Моджейедже

N’Djena Valley, 53

Neal, the late W. G., co-author of The Ancient Ruins of Rhodesia, 82

Niande Hill (Livouri), 10

Nini country, near Zimbabwe, 9, 61, 62, 84, 85, 95

No. 1 Ruins, location of, 8, 19

Описание, 398–410

North-East Passage, discovered by author in 1902, 273, 274

Omar l’Wardi (circa 1200 a.d.) on gold of S.E. Africa, 123

Офир , не золотоносная земля, а золотой рынок, xxxii

Отождествляется Оппертом с Фарсисом, xlii

Dr. Keane, author of The Gold of, 5

Опперт, профессор Г. , исследование его решения проблемы «Фарсис — Офир», xlii-xliii

Outer Defence Wall, 210, 358, 410

Outer Parallel Passage, 274, 275

Outspan Ruins, 279

Описание, 358–362

Output of gold, ancient, 292

Пафос , тисненый цилиндр из него в сравнении с цилиндром из Великого Зимбабве, xxxix

Pasosa Ruins, 10

Проходы , xx , 156–162

В Эллиптическом храме —

Параллельный проход, 246–250

Inner Parallel Passage, 267, 268

Южный проход, 269–271

West Passage, 272, 273

No. 10 Enclosure Passage, 256

Проходы за пределами Эллиптического храма —

Outer Parallel Passage, 274, 275

N.E. Passage, 273, 274, 390

Проходы на холме Зимбабве —

Юго-восточный подъем, 279–294

Central Passage, 321, 322

Sunken Passage (Eastern Temple), 332

South Cave Passage, 319

Covered Passage, 307

Parallel Passage, 308

Winding Stairs, 316

Upper Passage, 316

East Passage, 316, 317

Buttress Passage, 317, 318

South Passage, 320

Pattern Passage, 338, 339

Северо-западный подъем, 344–349

В малых руинах —

Outspan Ruins, 360, 361

Ridge Ruins, 413, 414

No. 1 Ruins, 402, 406

В Долине руин —

N.E. Passage, 390

Bent’s Passage, 395

Руины Поссельта, 370–372

Philips Ruins, 381

Maund Ruins, 384

Mauch Ruins, 393, 395

Renders Ruins, 390, 391

Вблизи Зимбабве —

Mapaku Ruins, 430

Pedro, the Monomotapa in 1643, 133

Petrie, Professor Dr., Egyptologist, opinion on pattern on bowl, 110

On calcedony beads, 126

Phalli, 104

Phœnicia, xxxvii, xxxix, xl, 213, 245

Philips, George, elephant hunter from Natal, 9, 62

Philips Ruins, 103, 105, 107, 108, 376–383

Планкет, достопочтенная Э. М. , о вавилонском календаре и зодиаке, xxxviii

Posselt, The Brothers, big-game hunters, resided at Zimbabwe, 1888–9, 7

Camp at, 8

Visited Majerri ruins, 74

Discover “Fuko-ya-Nebandge,” 86, 87

Soapstone birds, 333

Руины Поссельта , 366–375

Pottery, Barotse, 129

Makalanga, 129, 130

Of uncertain date, 130, 131, 132, 436

Providential Pass, 9

Реликвии и «находки» в Зимбабве (1902–1904) —

Inventory of, 442, 448

Описания, 102–134

Positions and associations of “finds,” sections of floors, 103, 134

Soapstone articles, 104–111, 333

Золотые изделия, 111–115

Copper articles, 115, 116

Iron articles, 116, 123

Brass articles, 123, 124

Инородные камни, 124–126

Стекло, керамика и фарфор, 127–132

Средневековые арабские изделия, 132–134

Arabian glass, 128

Arabian pottery, 131

Venetian glass, 127

Tin, 116

Renders, Adam, “Sa-adama,” ivory trader, rediscoverer of Zimbabwe, 9

Camp at Zimbabwe, 9

Camp at Nini, 9

Cave at Chicagomboni, 61

Death, 62

Руины Рендерса , 386–391

Ridge Ruins, location of, 8

Описание, 410–414

Rock Holes Path, 190, 312

Rugutsi Kopje, 54

Rumeni Ruin, 71

Rushumbi Hill, 72

Rusinga Rocks, 69

Rusingu, native name for Elliptical Temple, 85

Rusivanga Kopje, derivation of, 9

References to, 125, 137, 189

Ruins on, 424

« Са-адама ». См. Рендерс

Sabæans (Himyarites) of South Arabia, worshipped Almaquah (Venus, Ashtaroth), 108

As original builders, 136

Parallelisms with Sabæan architecture, 193, 194

Sabi (Sabæ, Saba) River, no native derivation, 67

Ruins in Sabi Valley, 197, 291

Salutations, native, 100

Сана, Южная Аравия , сравнение ее декоративного искусства с искусством родезийских памятников, xxxvi

Sanuto, Livio (1588), 132

Сейс, доктор А. Х. , об Офире из Писаний, xxxii

О вавилонском зодиаке, xxxix

Schlichter, Dr., German archæologist, 7

Camp at Zimbabwe, 7

References to, 198

On Conical Tower, 245, 246

On centres of arc walls, 304

О зимбабвийском зодиаке, xxxviii

Schlichter Gorge, 7, 11

Description of, 60, 61, 64

Selous, Mr. F. C., big-game hunter, on moulds, 110, 151

« Груди Савы ». См. Марсги и Суэба

Skarduza’s kraal, 72

Балки из талькохлорита , 104–106

Птицы, 106–108

Position of birds, 106

Чаши, 108–111

Формы для слитков, 110–111

Софала , отождествляемая с Фарсисом, xxxii

Zimbabwe road to, 63, 67, 74

Южная Аравия , ее террасированные склоны, xxxiv

South-East Ruins, 396, 397

Stanley, Sir H. H., on double iron gongs used in Upper Congo, 122

Step pattern, 339

Sueba Hill (one of “Sheba’s Breasts”), derivation and position, 11, 66, 72

Suku Dingle, 56, 187

Swan, the late M. W., explorer of Zimbabwe, biographical notice of, 434, 436

Tchivi Kopje, 11

Thabas Imamba, 82, 91

Фарсис , вероятно, нынешняя Софала, xxxii

Отождествляется Оппертом с «Офиром», xlii

Tokwe River, derivation of, 9

Valley of Ruins, the, 3, 363–397, 398–419

Вароси. См. Бароси

Хребет Верома. См. Берома

Victoria, township of, 1, 2, 10, 33, 41

Native names for, 99

Visitors to Zimbabwe, regulations, 433

Ваша. См. Мовишаваша

Руины Водяных ворот , 349–353

Welsh Bardic emblem (parallelism), 18, 96

« Споры о Западной стене », xxiv-xxvii

Уайт, горный инженер, мистер Франклин (Булавайо), xxx

Whorls, soapstone, 111

Pottery, 127

Уиллоуби, сэр Джон , xv

О масштабах руин Великого Зимбабве, xxxiii

Explorations, 8, 135, 137, 170, 190, 191, 222, 234, 400, 414

Wilson, Major Alan, grave at Zimbabwe, 5, 8, 19

Removal of remains, 5

Wuwuli Village and Caves, 54

Yemen, South Arabia, 15, 293

Зимбабве, Великий —

Derivation of, 1, 85

Author’s arrival at, 1, 2

Lord Milner’s visit, 2

Dr. K. Mauch at, 9

Bent’s camp at, 3

Dr. Schlichter at, 7

Posselt Brothers reside at, 7, 8

Willoughby’s camp, 8

Adam Renders’ camp, 9

George Philips’ camp, 9

Reserve, map of, 3

Ruins’ area, plan of, 7

Bentberg, 7

Makuma Kopje, 9

Арабская фактория в нем, 132–184

Zimbabwe creeper, 4, 78, 147

Zimbabwe Hill, 2, 276–362

Зимбабвийское возрождение, xxix

Zimbabwe, Sofala Road, 63, 74

Зимбабвийский зодиак , подтверждение его древности, xxxviii

FOOTNOTES:

[1] The major portion of this Preface was read before the British Association at Cambridge, August 17, 1904.

[2] Stanford, 1901.

[3] On this crucial point I am glad to find myself in accord with Dr. A. H. Sayce, who has independently arrived at the same conclusion. “There is no gold in Southern Arabia,” he writes, “and consequently Ophir must have been an emporium to which the gold was brought for transhipment from elsewhere” The Early History of the Hebrews, 1897, p. 463).

[4] Somewhat similar terraced slopes are to be found in the Lydenburg district of Transvaal Colony.

[5] See Lundi Ruins, in Ancient Ruins, p. 178.

[6] So also M. L. Gallois, in a review of The Gold of Ophir, contributed to the Annales de Géographie for September 15, 1902: “Ces monuments de l’Afrique du Sud ont une parenté certaine, avec les monuments himyarites de l’Arabie méridionale. Les hommes qui ont construit les forteresses de la Rhodesia venaient, portés par la mousson, de la côte méridionale d’Arabie chercher l’or du Manica et du Mashona.”

[7] Babel und Bibel, p. 44.

[8] Assyria, pp. 110, 116.

[9] Gold of Ophir, p. 6.

[10] Ruined Cities, p. 167.

[11] And, it may be asked, in the above-quoted passage from 1 Kings, does the expression “ships of Tharshish” mean “ships of the sea”? The Hebrew text has אֳנִיּוֹת תַּרְשִׁישׁ, “ships of Tharshish.” And if for Tharshish we substitute Ophir—Oppert’s alternative suggestion—we get nonsense; “ships of Ophir go to Ophir.” Even the “higher critics” will scarcely accept this.

[12] Das Problem scheint jetzt in der That gëlost (No. 19, 1902, p. 357).

[13] Correctly, Zim-bāb-gi (zimba, pl. buildings; mābgi, pl. stones), words in common use in Chicaranga, the language of the Makalanga. Authorities on Chicaranga agree that zimba, though applying to dwellings, is also applied to buildings which are not dwellings.

[14] See Appendix, Note A. Government Notice, No. 103 of 1904, “Great Zimbabwe, Notice to Visitors, with Regulations.”

[15] Remains removed to Matoppas, 1904.

[16] Correctly, Motirikoi (Chicaranga, “a river that rises suddenly”).

[17] Correctly, Togue (passive); in Chicaranga, “a river where people are swept away.” The Togue is a strong and fast-running river.

[18] In Chicaranga, “the hill of those who ran away.”

[19] “Black.”

[20] Chewers, probably of tobacco.

[21] Usually but wrongly spelt Kaffir. It is the Arabic كافِر, Káfir = Infidel, Unbeliever, applied indifferently to all non-Mohammedan peoples, hence has no ethnical significance.

[22] In Chicaranga the Zulu l becomes r. The Sebele l in Abolse (see pp. 3, 17, 133, 134, and 191 The Ancient Ruins, 2nd edition) becomes r—or Barose, Barotse, etc.

[23] The Mogabe Handisibishe is called Benzi, “the quarrelsome man,” owing to his frequent quarrellings with the chiefs of other Makalanga tribes.

[24] See also Isafuba, Ancient Ruins, pp. 79, 80, 140, 152, 268.

[25] Waterfall (Chicaranga).

[26] Bingura’s people are Amangwa.

[27] Mashona, probably a corruption of Mashuli, Mahuli, “slaves,” is the name by which the Makalanga are known to the whites; hence “Mashonaland,” the now established name of their territory, which should properly be Makalangaland.

[28] Barotse, Barose, Marose, and Varose are all variant forms of Baharutse, who appear to be the original stock of the Bechuana nation, hence are regarded by all the other branches of the family as their “elder brothers.”

[29] The proper totem of the Barotse people is the Chuene (Cape baboon), but sub-tribes of Barotse each have also a totem of their own. The Mamba (puff-adder) was the totem of the Barotse of Thabas I’Mamba districts.

[30] Coillard, pp. 220, 224, and 333.

[31] See Dr. Keane’s Introduction to this volume; also The Gold of Ophir; also M. Grandidier’s work on the Sabæan, Phœnician, and Idumean Jew influences on South-East Africa and Madagascar; and The Ancient Ruins of Rhodesia (2nd edition).

[32] See The Ancient Ruins of Rhodesia, 2nd edition, pp. 141–3, for descriptions of relics found at Zimbabwe in 1891 and 1892. See Appendix hereto, Note F, for inventory of relics found by the author at Zimbabwe, 1902–4.

[33] All the birds found at Zimbabwe either by Mr. Bent and the author were discovered occupying an eastern position, cut off from south-west, west, and north by cliffs or large and high walls.

[34] Professor Dr. Flinders Petrie informs the author that this pattern is decidedly of Eastern origin, possibly Assyrian.

[35] See also Preface, “Two Periods of Gold Manufacture at Zimbabwe.”

[36] Dr. Flinders Petrie has informed the author that calcedony beads, identical in shape and size to those found in ruins in Rhodesia, are of mediæval Arab origin.

[37] Dr. Budge, Head Keeper of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities at the British Museum, considers this glass to belong to the thirteenth or fourteenth century of this era.

[38] The author is preparing a monograph on the pottery of the Barotse and Makalanga.

[39] See Note C, Appendix to this volume, which gives a fuller description of this “find.”

[40] For descriptions of ancient architecture in the ruins of Rhodesia generally, see The Ancient Ruins of Rhodesia (2nd edition), Chapter XII.

[41] For a probable explanation of the absence of inscriptions, see Dr. Keane’s Introduction to this volume.

[42] See Preface.

[43] Figures in round brackets are points of the circumference of the interior face of the main wall measured from the south side of the west entrance and going south.

[44] This has now been discovered. It had been removed by relic hunters in 1892.

[45] Since the above was written further exploration in the ruins shows several lengths of these granite cement dadoes, one 16 ft. and another 33 ft. long, still intact. Cement dadoes have also been found round the faces of buttresses and on the side walls of entrances, thus reducing the width of such passage-ways by at least 5 in.

[46] Most of the Sabæan temples were round. El Masoudi (940 a.d.).

[47] All the birds found at Zimbabwe occupied eastward positions.

[48] For Areas of varying styles of Ancient Architecture see Ancient Ruins, p. 164, section (a).

[49] See Preface, West Wall Controversy.

[50] Report on the examination and analysis of No. 2 Sample of mineral.—This was a sample of powdery, earthy mineral. One-half of it has been assayed with the view to the presence of gold, and was found to contain 1½ dwts. of gold per ton. The other portion has been analysed as to its chemical composition, which was found to be as follows:

Silica 73·18 %

Oxide of Iron 17·83 〃

Alumina 8·98 〃

Lime Trace.

This powdery earth is most probably formed through the disintegration of the slag and furnace ashes, which make an excellent foundation for the floor of a large building. On exposure to the action of the weather it crumbles to powder.

P. Daniel Hahn, ph.d, m.a.,

Professor of Chemistry.

[51] See Appendix, Note G, as to formation rock under the temple.

[52] See Frontispiece.

[53] Several independent astronomical calculations point to the age of the Elliptical Temple being from 1100 to 1300 years b.c.

[54] This has been now found by the author. It had been removed in 1892 by relic hunters.

[55] Report on the examination and analysis of No. 1 sample of minerals:—

This was a piece of metamorphic slate, such as may be found in the vicinity of the contact-zone of clay slate and granite or other crystalline rock. Its composition does not present any peculiar features.

P. Daniel Hahn, ph.d., m.a.

Professor of Chemistry, South African College

Chemical and Metallurgical Laboratory.

[56] Two rounded buttresses are built on the larger buttress, and are against the summit of this wall.

[57] Discovered 1902.

[58] For description of these ruins, see p. 358.

[59] Ancient Ruins of Rhodesia (2nd edition).

[60] See Author’s Report on Slanting Monolith, Note E, Appendix.

[61] The author was the first to break through the old habit of bestowing misleading or suggestive titles to various architectural features. These recesses unfortunately have thus always been known as “buttresses.” A long list of such incorrect titles could easily be compiled from printed descriptions of ruins.

[62] The author has since discovered similar recesses elsewhere at Zimbabwe.

Price 10s. 6d. net. With seventy illustrations.

THE

ANCIENT RUINS OF RHODESIA

BY

W. G. NEAL and R. N. HALL

SECOND AND ENLARGED EDITION

LONDON: METHUEN & CO.

Transcriber’s Notes:

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