«Свобода слова»

policy toward radicals, 164, 195–197, 229;

enforcement of state sedition laws, 229, 249;

of deportation statute, 229, 240 n., 241–252, 272–274, 293, 338, 339;

Illegal Activities pamphlet, 243 n.;

Silverthorne raid, 300, 301;

civil liability, 302;

instructions to agents, 243–247, 249, 257;

использование шпионов, 268–272.

Kansas, red flag law, 181 n.;

schools, 369.

Kansas City Star, 118.

Kenyon, Lord, 13, 58, 213.

Кимбалл (Kimball), Дей, о деле Абрамса, 156–158.

Knitting, discouragement of, criminal, 57.

Knox, Judge, 278 n.

Knox, P. C., Senator, on legislative exclusion, 347 n., 353.

Kohler, on construction of fundamental statutes, 31, 32 n.

Kropotkin, 276, 279, 287.

Министерство труда (Labor, Department of), недопущение и депортация иностранцев, 232–293;

no other Department has control of deportations, 242, 252.

См. Депортации (Deportations); Вильсон, В. Б. (Wilson, W. B.); Пост (Post).

Министр труда (Labor, Secretary of), 232–293 passim;

conclusiveness of decisions in deportation cases, 232–240, 254–256, 291, 292.

Labor unions, 11 n., 53, 192, 193, 263, 267, 268, 273 and n., 274, 308.

См. Забастовки (Strikes); Индустриальные рабочие мира (Industrial Workers of the World).

Lachowsky, H., prosecution, 124, 126, 143 n., 144, 147 n., 148.

См. Абрамс (Abrams).

La Follette, R. M., Senator, 36, 95, 98.

Langtry, Secretary, 261.

Lansing, Robert, 60.

Larkin, James, 287.

Laski, F., 109 n.

Laski, H. J., 42 n., 109 n., 375 n.

Latzko, Men in War, excluded from the mails, 107.

Leavitt, Judge, 324 n.

Legislative debates, freedom of speech in, 3.

Исключения из законодательства (Legislative exclusions), 311–364;

Russia, 176;

Уилкс, 311–315;

Бергер, 315–332;

eligibility of next highest candidate, 319, 320;

grounds of disqualification, 321 ff.;

in U. S. Constitution, 321,

Fourteenth Amendment, 323 ff., 348,

guilt of treason, 324 ff.,

opposition to war as disqualification, 328 ff.;

социалисты Нью-Йорка, 332–364;

original proceedings, 332 ff.;

protests, 335 ff.;

Judiciary Committee sits, 339 ff.;

power to suspend, 339, 340;

power to disqualify on grounds not stated in the constitution, 321, 322, 328–332, 340 ff., 347 ff.,

судебные прецеденты, 340–343;

законодательные прецеденты, 343–354,

in England, 344,

expulsions from Congress, 345 ff.,

disqualifications in Congress, 349 ff.,

under Test Oath Act, 328, 330, 349–351, 353,

Mormons, 348, 351 ff.,

in New York, 354;

disqualification for probability of breach of oath, 354 n.;

charges against Socialists, 355;

показания, 356–361;

the vote, 361;

выводы, 362–364.

Lenine, N., 107, 135, 147, 286, 311.

Letters, prosecutions based on, 57–60 passim, 118.

Lever Act, 148 n.;

coal strike injunction, 82, 153.

Libel, criminal and seditious, 4 n., 8, 9, 14, 15, 19–32, 52, 170–172;

truth as defense, 4 n., 19, 22–25, 29, 30 n.;

функции судьи и присяжных, там же;

injunction of, 8;

civil actions, 12–18, 32;

privilege and fair comment, 15, 32, 104;

libel in war controversy, 110 n.;

on the dead, 172.

См. Крамола (Sedition); Фокс (Fox).

Liberator, 79 n.

Свобода (Liberty) личности, прессы, слова и т. д. См. Личность (Person), Пресса (Press), Речь (Speech) и т. д.

Liberty Bonds, effect of campaigns on discussion, 7, 74;

interference with sales, 44, 45, 53 n., 57, 64, 65, 81, 107, 169;

refusal to buy prosecuted, 59, 60.

License and liberty, theory of freedom of speech, 12–16, 210, 211.

Lincoln, Abraham, 46, 116, 117, 224, 329;

on revolution, 223.

Lipman, S., prosecution, 123, 126, 138, 140, 141, 142, 143 n., 145, 147, 147 n., 148.

См. Абрамс (Abrams).

Lippmann, Walter, 67 n.

Littlefield, Charles, Representative, 347 n., 352 and n.

Займы как причина войны с Германией, 102–106.

См. Морган (Morgan); Облигации свободы (Liberty Bonds).

Lopez, F. R., philosophical anarchist deported, 278–280, 286.

Lorimer, Wm., Senator, exclusion case, 339, 343, 347.

Lovejoy, E. P., 3.

Lowell, A. L., on academic freedom, 368.

Lowell, James Russell, 16, 97, 104, 116, 202, 366, 372.

Loyalists, British, 2, 302 and n.

Loyd, W. H., 23 n.

Ludendorff, 6.

Lusk Committee, 203, 204, 270, 302–310, 334, 337, 358, 361–364.

Lyon, Matthew, expulsion case, 329, 345.

McKellar, Senator, 198.

McKenna, Justice, 94–98, 148 n.

McKinley, William, 52, 165, 187, 205, 230.

McMaster, J. B., 19 n.

Macaulay, T. B., 19 n., 66 and n., 203, 250, 294.

Madison, James, 15, 19–22, 211, 240, 361.

Magna Charta, abandoned in war, 119.

Maine, Sir Henry, 69.

Почта (Mails). См. Почтовое ведомство (Post-office).

Maitland, F. W., 22.

Mann, J. R., Representative, on Berger, 320, 324.

Mansfield, Lord, 8, 23, 310.

Marshall, John, 3, 22 n., 34 n., 200, 201, 211 n., 265, 325.

Marshals, United States, 78, 80.

Martens, L. C. A. K., 287, 305–308.

Martial law, for opponents of war, 33 n., 41, 42, 116, 117;

for discussion in army, 50.

Martin, Luther, 17.

Marx, 221, 223, 279, 365 ff.

Maryland, demands federal free speech clause, 4, 19.

Massachusetts, 283, 315;

constitution, free speech clause, 4 and n.;

Blackstonian decision, 8;

restriction of press by stamp tax, 19 n.;

colonial sedition law, 23 n.;

libel statute, 24 n.;

Roxbury Riots, 182–186, 212;

red flag law, 186, 187;

anarchy act, 189, 190, 204, 212, 269;

Boston ordinance, 191;

deportations, 248 n., see Colyer case;

Secretary Langtry, 261;

raids, 310, 311.

Masses, запрет на доставку по почте, 9 n., 46–56, 107, 108 n., 118, 119, 125, 154, 174, 175 n., 194, 205 n., 207, 214, 216.

См. Истман (Eastman).

Masters, Edgar L., 275.

May, J. W., on intent, 150 n.

Мэй (May), Т. Е., об английской крамоле, 22 n., 23 n., 28 n., 72 и n., 77, 263 n., 264 n., 265 n., 269 n., 271 n., 297 n.;

on exclusion from Parliament, 312, 344 n., 345 n., 356.

Беспорядки Первомая. См. Беспорядки (Riots).

Mayer, J. M., Judge, 13 n., 27 n., 40, 54 n., 79 n., 125.

Mazzini, 286.

Meehan, John, I.W.W., 275.

Собрания (Meetings). См. Собрания (Assembly).

Merchant vessels, sinking of, 57, 60.

Merivale, on Tiberius, 268 n.

Mexico, possible war with, 114, 133;

opposition in U. S., in 1846, 16, 64, 104, 116, 330;

possible deportation of Americans, 288.

Mikado, quoted by Judge Clayton, 134.

Military Intelligence Police, 123, 124, 145, 146, 159.

Militia, compulsory training constitutional, 35;

state and federal control, 111 and n.

Mill, John Stuart, 32, 50, 157, 197, 205, 219 n., 365, 375.

Miller, Justice, 16 n.

Miller, S. L., Asst. U. S. Attorney, 126.

Milligan, 33 and n., 42 n., 69 n., 81 n., 96 n., 113, 116, 117 n., 325.

Milton, John, 1, 32, 197, 375.

Milwaukee Leader, 64;

exclusion from mails, 107, 315–317, 323, 331.

Minnesota, safety commission, 33;

war sedition act, 57, 77, 85 n., 110–113, 162.

Minorities, legal rights should be upheld, 2, 3, 156, 157, 294.

Misdirection, unexcepted, 149 n.

Mississippi, constitution, free speech clause, 4 n.

Mob violence, 44, 45, 46, 212;

incitement to, 50, 260, 261.

Montana, war sedition law, 44, 113 n.;

peace sedition law, 190, 191.

Mooney, Thomas, 163.

Moore, J. B., Digest of International Law, cited, 160 n., 191 n., 284 n., 288 n.;

Digest of International Arbitrations, 288 n.

Morgan, J. P., 81 n., 102, 104.

Morley, John, 66, 117, 159 n., 212, 241, 264, 265 n.

Mormons, exclusion from Congress, 348, 351–353.

Morton, Chief Justice, 165.

Most, Johann, 205, 206.

Mothers, discouragement of, in war, criminal, 58, 103.

Moving pictures, censorship and prosecutions, 10, 43, 60, 61 and n., 179, 203 n.

Muir, prosecution, 28, 146 n.

Municipal corporations, censorship of press, 110 n.;

prohibition of German opera, 110 n., 183 n.;

of meetings, 182–186, 190, 191.

Munition factories, limiting war-time discussion, 7, 58.

Munitions, curtailment of production, 45, 65, 127–153 passim, 152 n., 163;

см. Закон о шпионаже (Espionage Act);

criticism of defective munitions prosecuted, 62.

Myerson, A., 289, 290.

Napoleon, propaganda in England, 27.

Nation, excluded from mails, 107;

editorials, 132 n., 190 n., 193 n., 338.

National Founders’ Association, 240 n.

Национальная гвардия. См. Ополчение (Militia).

National Popular Government League, 243 n.

National Security League, 338.

Naturalization, compulsory undesirable, 235, 236;

forbidden to anarchists, 278, 280;

limits on power, 281.

См. Лишение гражданства (Denaturalization).

Navy, abuse of, crime, 45, 114, 115.

См. Симс (Sims).

Nearing, Scott, prosecution, 27, 53 n., 55 n., 85 n., 125, 308, 356.

Negroes, freedom of speech and, 175, 184, 195, 203, 204.

Nelles, Walter, Espionage Act cases, 82 n., 83 n., 86 n., 110 n.

New Hampshire, constitution, free speech clause, 4 n.

New Jersey, war sedition law, 111 n., 112 n.;

Plainfield regulation of meetings, 184;

anarchy act, 189 and n., 190, 204;

Berger, 321.

New Republic, editorials, 116 n., 132 n., 272 n., 278 n., 280 n., 338.

Нью-Йорк:

Штат.

Constitution on free speech, 4 n., 21 n., 24 n., 30 n., 374;

demands U. S. clause, 4;

libel statute, 24 n.;

Croswell case, 30 and n.;

red flag law, 180;

criminal anarchy statute, 187, 188, 216;

Loyalist investigation, 302 and n.;

законодательство об обысках и выемках, 303–310.

См. Комитет Ласка (Lusk Committee); Исключения из законодательства (Legislative Exclusions) (Социалисты Нью-Йорка).

Город.

Slacker round-up, 107, 108;

federal juries, 79;

радикальные собрания, 177–179;

Hylan ordinances, 110 n., 183 n., 190, 191;

Socialist aldermen, 338;

school situation, 365 ff.

New York Bar Association, of City, 189 n., 338–340.

New York Call, excluded from mails, 115, 229.

New York Times, Current History of the War, 130 n.;

editorial on Abrams case, 146 n.;

article on anarchistic press, 222;

editorial on I.W.W., 272 n.;

on N. Y. Socialist assemblymen, 362.

New York Tribune, on Socialist assemblymen, 338.

New York World, telegrams censored, 109 n.

Newberry, T. H., Senator, 337, 338.

Newspapers, restraint in war, 10, 46–59, 90, 94 ff., 106–109, 110 n., 116;

effect of exclusion from mail, 107, 199, 234;

effect of publication of facts of sedition trials, 119, 222;

revolutionary press, 164, 195, 213, 222;

conspiracy to compel handling of distasteful newspaper, 110 n.;

opposition to sedition bills, 198, 338.

См. Иноязычная пресса (Foreign-language press); Milwaukee Leader.

Newton, Attorney General of N. Y., 309, 334, 337, 355, 357, 361.

Non-Partisan League, 77, 78, 81, 83, 85 n., 110–113, 162, 267, 369.

North Carolina, discussion of federal free speech clause, 5 n.

Notice, constructive, 103, 104.

Nude and the Prudes, 188.

Nuisances, relation to freedom of speech, 52, 171, 205.

Oates, Titus, 357.

O’Brian, J. L., 40, 41, 44 n., 46 n., 70–77 passim, 107, 108, 112, 113, 231 n., 319 n.

O’Brien, Judge, 343.

Obscenity, 10, 14, 15, 52, 170–172, 188, 214, 234, 311.

Должностные лица (Officials). См. Должностные лица Соединенных Штатов (United States Officials).

O’Hare, Kate R., prosecution, 83, 162.

Official Record of the Rebellion, cited, 117 n.

Опера. См. Немецкая опера (German Opera).

Opper, cartoonist, 52.

Order, social interest in, limits freedom of speech, 34, 170, 179, 284, 366, 368.

Orr, Samuel, N. Y. Socialist assemblyman, 333, 356.

Otis, James, 210, 299, 311.

Overman, Senator, 181, 182;

Bill, 197;

Committee, 134, 135, 197.

Pacifists, 2, 26, 37, 46, 64, 68, 70, 73, 102 ff., 106, 224, 296, 317, 329;

expulsion from college, 110 n.

Palestine, 108.

Palfrey, J. G., on Salem witches, 357 n.

Palmer, A. Mitchell, U. S. Attorney General, enforcement of Espionage Act after armistice, 115, 229, 302;

house bombed, 163, 197;

recommends federal sedition bill, 167, 195–198, 203, 207 ff., 335;

о федеральном статуте о заговоре, 167–169;

does not fear revolution, 196, 251;

recommends and enforces state sedition laws, 195, 229, 249;

enforces deportation statute, 196, 229, 230, 241–252, 257, 274, 283, 293, 302;

спор с Постом, 250–252;

о шпионах, 270–272;

on independent labor unions, 273 n.

Palmer, Joseph, 172.

Palmer, T. Fyshe, prosecution, 28.

Pardons, in Espionage Act cases, 61, 62 n., 73;

impossible in deportation cases, 292.

См. Смягчение наказаний (Commutations); Амнистия (Amnesty).

Parker, Carleton, 162, 163.

Парламент. См. Великобритания (Great Britain).

Parnell, C. S., 264.

Parties, in America, 267, 363.

Peck, Jared, 65 n.

Pennsylvania, constitution, free speech clause, 4 and n., 18, 24 n.;

discussion of federal free speech clause, 19 n.

Pennsylvania and the Federal Constitution, 19 n., 23 n.

Persecution, Justice Holmes on, 155, 156.

См. Религия (Religion).

Person, liberty of, 17;

searches of, 242 n., 301.

См. Аресты (Arrests).

Petition, right of, 5, 7 n.;

Baltzer case, 64, 65, 116.

Philadelphia Tageblatt, 94, 101.

См. Шефер (Schaefer).

Phillips, prosecution, 13 n., 41 n., 79 n., 126.

Phillips, Wendell, 209.

Pierce, prosecution, 13 n., 94 and n., 101–106, 134, 135 n., 285 n.

«Столпы огня» («Pillars of Fire»), 184.

Pinckney, Charles, 3, 21 n.

Питни (Pitney), судья, 101–104.

Place, Francis, 260, 271 n.

Platforms, party, not be taken too seriously, 267.

Political discussion, doctrine that it should be confined to the legislature, 27, 28;

наказание за критику правительства, глава I;

forbidden to superintendent of schools, 11 n.;

conventions prohibited, 11 n.;

campaign expenses limited, 11 n.;

in war, 48, 49, 62, 63.

См. Крамола (Sedition).

Political trials, 85 n., 94, 116, 132–137.

См. Крамола (Sedition).

Pollard, E. A., on confederate censorship, 117 n.

Post, Louis F., Assistant Secretary of Labor, 233 n., 239 n., 243, 272 n., 291 and n., 292;

спор с Палмером, 250–252.

Post-office, subject to First Amendment, 34, 108, 109, 218;

conclusiveness of administrative decisions, 45, 54, 106–109, 199, 233, 234;

powers under Espionage Act, 6, 12 n., 43, 45, 46–56, 106–109, 115, 229, 335;

в законопроектах о крамоле в мирное время, 197–199;

control of express and telegraph, 109 n.;

no jury, 158, 199;

powers to exclude matter inciting to murder, etc., 214, 229;

opening mail, 241 n.

Pound, Roscoe, on freedom of speech, 8 n.;

on rights and interests, 35 n.

Preis, Engelbert, deportation, 256–261, 268.

President, 252;

powers under Alien Law of 1798, 29;

criticism of, punished under Sedition Act of 1798, 29, 204,

under Espionage Act, 129, 138;

защита жизни, см. Должностные лица Соединенных Штатов (United States Officials);

threats against, 202, 207, 214, 215.

См. Джефферсон (Jefferson); Линкольн (Lincoln); Вильсон (Wilson).

President’s Mediation Commission, report of, 113 n., 163, 272 n., 292.

Press, freedom of, 5, 17, 18, 21.

См. Цензура (Censorship); Свобода слова (Speech, freedom of).

Предварительная цензура (Previous restraint), 8–32;

определение свободы слова, См. Свобода слова (Speech, freedom of).

Цена, которую мы платим (Price We Pay), брошюра, 101–106.

См. Пирс (Pierce).

Primaries, political, 11 n.

Prober, prosecution, 144.

См. Абрамс (Abrams).

Процессуальные гарантии. См. Свобода слова (Speech, freedom of).

Procès de tendance, 175 and n.

Profanity, 170 ff.

Profiteers, discussion of criminal, 50, 58, 59, 68, 95, 102, 103, 119, 225;

possible raids on, 308.

Pro-Germans, 2, 59 n., 64, 70 and n., 73, 94 ff., 107, 194, 224, 296.

Prohibition, 66 n., 114, 209.

Property, judicial protection, 106.

Prosecuting attorneys, effect of free speech clause on, 5;

в войне с Германией, 73–76;

under Sedition Act of 1798, 78;

in Abrams case, 126, 144, 145.

Proudhon, 221.

Public, excluded from the mails, 107.

Public Information, Committee on, 108, 132.

Pulling, Defense of the Realm Manual, 42 n.

Quakers, 197, 277.

Quebec, address to people of, 17, 170.

Radicals, freedom of speech for, 1, 2, 52;

duty of restraint, 187;

mob violence against, 44, 45, 46;

under Espionage Act, 77, 81 ff., 162;

о присяжных, 78–80;

attitude of judges toward, 81–84, 85 n.;

в деле Абрамса, 120–160 passim;

prevalent after the War, 161, 162;

отношение к уголовному праву в мирное время, глава IV, 161–228 passim;

см. Крамола (Sedition) и последующие подразделы;

депортация лиц, совершивших правонарушения, 229–293;

exclusion from legislatures, 329, 332 ff.

Rai, Lajpat, book on India excluded from mails, 108.

Raids, on Communists, 230, 241–254, 292, 293;

on I.W.W., 212, 242 n., 260, 274;

время Уилкса, 296–299;

in war, 115, 229, 302;

Комитетом Ласка, 302–310;

in Massachusetts, 310, 311.

См. Обыски и выемки (Searches and Seizures).

Rand School, 204, 257 n., 308–310, 356, 361.

Randolph, John, 23.

Ray, Judge, 13 n., 214.

Reading, Lord, 325.

Recht, Charles, 272 n., 275 n., 278 n.

Red Cross, criticism of, punished, 57;

refusal of contributions, punished, 109, 110.

Законы о красном флаге (Red flag laws), 180–187.

Referendum, before war, discussion criminal, 57, 64, 65.

Religion, toleration, 2, 3, 172, 176, 177, 196, 197, 276, 277, 370;

статут Виргинии, см. Виргиния (Virginia);

federal control prohibited, 5, 170;

Christianity called inconsistent with war, 6, 57, 61, 62;

religious meetings, 183, 184;

Catholic Association, in Ireland, 264.

См. Мормоны (Mormons).

Representative government, right of, 17, 296.

См. Исключения из законодательства (Legislative exclusions).

Review (now, Weekly Review), on Abrams case, 152 n.;

on Socialist assemblymen, 338;

on Lusk bills, 362 n.

Revolution, 97, 139–142, 164–169, 173–179, 199–201, 205–207, 212, 219, 257–262.

См. Законопроекты о крамоле (Sedition Bills); Палмер (Palmer); Россия (Russia); Американская и Французская революции (American and French Revolution).

Rhode Island, demands federal free speech clause, 4;

soul-liberty, 177, 276, 283;

Berger, 321;

property qualification, 372.

Rhodes, J. F., 116 n., 117 n., 177 n., 290 n., 330 n.

Rights, and interests, 34–38, 366 ff.

Riots, 164, 177, 178, 182–186, 203, 212.

Roberts, Brigham H., exclusion case, 345 n., 347 n., 350 n., 352 and n.

Robins, Raymond, 132–137, 181 n.

Rodenberg, Representative, on Berger case, 331.

Rockefeller, John D., 146.

Rogers, H. W., Judge, 54 n., 56 and n., 108 n., 278–280.

Rolland, Romain, 367.

Roman Catholics, abuse of, 184;

legislation against, 264, 265, 281, 283.

Roosevelt, Theodore, 316, 325;

(the younger), 361.

Root, Elihu, 86, 355, 359.

Root, Erastus, 21 n.

Rosansky, H., prosecution, 123, 127, 144, 147 n., 148.

См. Абрамс (Abrams).

Rousseau, J. J., 52.

Roxbury Riot, 182–186, 212.

Rugg, 186 n.

Russell, Bertrand, prosecution, 242 n., 59 and n., 295;

Proposed Roads to Freedom, 222, 223, 276, 284.

Russell, Lord John, 227.

Russell, G. W. E., 227 n.

Russell, Pastor, sect, prosecutions, 83 n., 101.

Russia, 10, 290;

Russians in U. S., 82, 120–160 passim, 230, 235, 256;

Czarist policy toward discussion, 176, 178, 191, 211 and n., 269, 294 n.;

влияние Русской революции в США, 26, 58, 81, 82, 86, 95, 120–160 passim, 162, 178, 196, 289, 293, 334, 360 ff., 371;

truth needed, 158;

Harvard library on Revolution, 221;

documents censored in U. S., 107, 221, 311;

German participation, 132 and n., 135, 147;

Soviet Government Bureau in N. Y., 287, 305–308;

American intervention, 94, 129–132;

criminality of opposition, 130, 137 ff., 160;

questionable effect of our deportations policy upon Russia, 286, 287.

Russian-American Relations, cited, 131 n.

Rutherford, Livingston, John Peter Zenger, 23 n.

Ryan, J. M., Asst. U. S. Attorney, 126, 145.

Sabotage, 163;

Federal statute, 152 n., 163;

state statutes, 163, 274, 276;

пропаганда таковой, 190–194;

deportations, 231 n., 272–275.

Salvation Army, rioting against, 183 and n.

Sanford, Chancellor, 342, 354.

Scandella, American deported from Venezuela, 288 n.

Schaefer, Tageblatt prosecution, 85, 87, 94–101, 106, 207, 216, 218, 265.

Schenck, prosecution, 9 n., 16 n., 88–93, 98, 99, 102, 155, 178, 179, 191, 192, 285.

Скофилд (Schofield), Генри, Freedom of the Press in the United States, 4 n., 8 n., 20 n., 21, 24 n., 30 and n., 31 n., 56.

Schools, political speeches by superintendent, 11 n.;

свобода для преподавателей, 365–376.

Schwartz, prosecution, 124, 125, 126, 146.

См. Абрамс (Abrams).

Science, promoted by freedom of speech, 17, 31, 32, 170, 370, 374.

Scotland, sedition trials in, 28.

Scott, Austin W., on atheism, 172 n.

Scrutton, Lord Justice, 119.

Searches and seizures, warrants authorized by Espionage Act, 43, 45, 302;

raids in the war, 115, 229, 302;

Russia, 176;

importance of warrants, 140, 159;

in deportation proceedings, 241 and n., 242 n., 244–247, 302;

во времена Уилкса, 295–298;

решения Верховного суда о Четвертой поправке, 299–301;

последствия незаконности, 300–302;

when legal, 242 n., 301, 310 n.;

рейды Комитета Ласка, 302–310;

закон Нью-Йорка, 303–310;

Massachusetts raids, 310, 311.

Sears, Clara E., 172 n.

Seas, Freedom of the, 17.

Seattle Union-Record, raided, 115, 229, 302.

Sedition, common law of, and free speech, 8, 9, 11, 14, 19–32, 170;

не является преступлением по федеральному общему праву;

British trials, 22, 23, 26–29, 118, 146 n., 157, 175, 296 ff.;

colonial trials, 19, 22, 23;

societies to suppress, 71, 72, 357;

во время войны, см. Война (War), Закон о шпионаже (Espionage Act);

наказание в мирное время, глава IV, 161–228;

обычного уголовного права достаточно, 161–169;

уголовное право в отношении непристойности, нарушений общественного порядка и т. д., разграничение, 169–173;

criminal law of violence distinguished, 173–180, 196;

suppression of agitation by law unwise, 219 ff.;

отличие от государственной измены, 325–328.

См. Шпионы (Spies).

Sedition Act of 1798, 1, 17, 25, 65 n., 109, 116, 157, 162, 194, 199, 208, 223, 229, 329, 345;

summary of text, 29, 30;

constitutionality, 20–22 and nn., 30, 200, 204;

comparison with Espionage Act, 56, 128;

juries, 78 and n.;

judges, 80, 81.

Sedition Act of 1918, 44.

См. Закон о шпионаже (Espionage Act).

Sedition bills, federal, 81, 140, 194–228, 229, 230, 231;

краткое содержание, 194–199;

конституционность, позитивные федеральные полномочия, 199–201,

положение о государственной измене, 201–203,

первая поправка, 203–207;

wisdom, 207–228, 268.

Sedition statutes of states, in war, 57, 74 n., 110–113, 163;

in peace, 163, 169, 173–194, 204, 212, 216, 224, 246;

законы о красном флаге, 180–187;

anarchy syndicalism, and sedition, 187–194, 261, 265, 268;

конституционность, 191–194;

recommended by Palmer, 195;

enforced by Palmer, 229, 249.

Self-incrimination, rule against, 69, 303 and n., 307.

Sentenced to Twenty Years Prison, 145 n.

Sentences, English and Scotch sedition trials, 28 and n., 87 n.;

Defense of the Realm Act trials, 118 n.;

India, 159 n.;

Espionage Act trials, 58–62, 87 and n., 147, 148, 159, 160, 220;

long sentences as cruel and unusual punishment, 148 n.

September Morn, suppression of, 175.

Sermon on the Mount, and war, 55, 119.

Service-letter statutes, 3 n.

Servitude, involuntary, sometimes constitutional, 7, 35, 36.

Seward, W. F., arbitrary arrests, 116;

on intervention, 160 n.

Sex, discussion, 171, 172.

Shakespeare, William, 14, 55;

censored, 175, 214.

Shaw, Bernard, 32;

censored, 175, 283.

Shaw, Lord, 42 n.

Shay’s Rebellion, 164.

Shelley, 172.

Sherman Anti-trust Law, 53 n., 106.

Shiplacoff, A., prosecution, 125.

Shipman, Clare, 190 n.

Ships, discussion of sinking of, 57, 60;

parables of, 276, 286.

Shipyards, limiting war-time discussion, 7, 58.

Sidis, W., 186 n.

Sims, Admiral, 64.

Sisson, Edgar, Russian documents, 132 and n.;

in Abrams case, 133.

Sisters, discouragement of, in war, criminal, 103.

Slander, no previous restraint possible, 14;

not immune, 15.

См. Клевета (Libel).

Smith, Alfred, Governor, 362 and n.

Smith, F. E. (now Lord Birkenhead), criticism of, excluded from mails, 108.

Smith, Jeremiah, on intent, 149 n., 150 n.

Smith and Wesson Co., 153.

Smoot, Reed, Senator, exclusion case, 347 n., 352, 353.

Socialist Review, 319 n., 331 n.

Socialists, 2, 10, 27, 260;

need for judicial comprehension, 82–84, 86;

in the War, 81, 83, 162;

St. Louis Platform, 162, 315, 316, 334;

peace-time prosecutions, 188, 210, 216, 224;

secession of left-wing, 256, 262;

exclusion as a party from legislature, 306, 329–338, 355–364;

in schools, 365 ff.;

in Germany, 262.

См. Дебс (Debs); Пирс (Pierce); Стоукс (Stokes); Сиракузы (Syracuse); Бергер (Berger); Школа Ранда (Rand School); Липман (Lipman); Исключение из законодательства (Legislative exclusion); Коммунисты (Communists).

Societies, to suppress sedition, 71, 72.

Socrates, 367, 370.

Подстрекательство к преступлению (Solicitation), уголовное, связь со свободой слова, 25, 165, 166, 173, и с Законом о шпионаже, 49, 51–53, 88, 89, 155;

to non-criminal interference with the government’s war activities, 53, 169;

in federal crimes, 166 and n., 201.

Solomon, Charles, N. Y. Socialist assemblyman, 333, 356, 357.

South Carolina, constitution, free speech clause, 4 n.

Советское правительство. См. Россия (Russia).

Свобода слова (Speech, freedom of).

Конституции:

guaranty in U. S. Constitution, 3–5, 18, 200,

demanded by states, 3, 4, 19, 156;

in Congressional debates, 3;

in state constitutions, 3 and n., 4 and n., 17, 18, 21 n., 30 n., 374;

exception of “abuse” implied if not expressed, 4 n.;

clauses a guide to interpretation of constitutional statutes, 5, 6, 46, 48, 193, 194, 207;

and also invalidate statutes, 3, 4, 11 and n., 16, 111 n., 156, 192 n.

Значение: 1–39, 155–158, 366–372;

subject to limits, 2, 7;

necessarily extends to unpopular persons and causes, 3, 156, 157, 294, 366;

Blackstonian censorship view, 8–12, 19, 21–23, 31, 32, 38, 108, 199;

liberty and license view, 12–16, 210, 211, 368;

история принципа, 17–32;

inconsistent with common law of sedition, 14, 22–24, 170;

социальная и политическая функция, 34–36;

conclusions on meaning, 34–39, 156 ff., 368 ff.;

view of Judge Hand, 50, 51;

of Justice Holmes, 88, 155, 156;

спор между двумя критериями преступности: опасность против дурной тенденции (danger v. bad tendency), 24–31, 37–39, 49–52, 154–159, 173–180, 213–219 и др.;

не гарантируется присяжными, 24–28, см. Суд присяжных (Jury trial);

meaning not fixed in 1791, 14, 32, 35, 36;

does not exclude intemperate and foolish discussion, 48, 83, 114, 140 n., 173, 206, 219, 220;

applies to political research, 370, 371;

but not limited to political discussion, 156, 170;

does not depend on merits of existing government, 210;

suppression ineffectual, 118, 119, 219, 220, 226, 227.

Procedural safeguards: 39, 49, 66–69, 92, 93;

Fox’s Libel Act, etc., 24, 39, 69;

precise offense must be specified, 49, 92, 93;

objective test of criminality of words, 49–51, 54 ff., 216 ff.;

exclusion of psychological questions and disputes of opinion, 52, 66–69, 73, 103–106;

judicial guidance of jury, 85, 86, 94–100;

evils of bad intention as test of guilt, 63–68, 86, see Intention;

culling sentences, 100, 102, 220;

right to counsel, 236 ff., 247 ff.;

narrow range of administrative power in criminal law, 75.

См. Человеческий механизм (Human machinery).

Связь с другими отраслями права и конкретные применения: клевета (libel), см. соответствующий раздел;

nuisance, 52, 171, 205;

breaches of the peace, 24, 25, 74 and n., 102 n., 110 n., 111, 171, 172, 205, 208;

war, 6, 7 and n., 25, 26, 32–38, 46–56, 63–66, 88–90, 96, 104–106, 176, 179, 369 ff.;

непристойность, богохульство и т. д., 169–173, и см. соответствующие разделы;

законы о крамоле в мирное время, 173–180, 191–194, 199–228;

депортации, 280–291;

исключения из законодательства, 328–332, 362–364;

школы, 368–376.

См. Покушение (Attempt); Подстрекательство к преступлению (Solicitation); Закон о шпионаже (Espionage Act); Почтовое ведомство (Post-office); Собрания (Assembly).

Summary of recent events in U. S., 296, 336–339.

Spencer, Herbert, 226, 276.

Spies, German, 6, 70–72;

opponents of war as, 41, 42;

government spies and informers, 59, 71, 72, 227, 268–272, 302, 357.

Spies, August, anarchist, 165, 205, 206.

Spirit of ’76, moving picture case, 10, 38 n., 43, 60, 61.

Stamp tax, restraint of press by, 19 n., 32.

Stanchfield, J. B., on guilt by association, 360.

Stanton, E. M., arbitrary arrests, 116.

Star Chamber, 32, 232, 238.

Star-Spangled Banner, alleged prosecutions for not standing up, 102 and n., 103.

Государственные законы о крамоле в военное и мирное время. См. Статуты штатов о крамоле (Sedition Statutes of states).

State war cases, miscellaneous, 110 n.

Стед (Stead), У. Т., «Дань девственности» («The Maiden Tribute»), 171.

Steimer, Molly, prosecution, 123, 126, 143 and n., 144, 145, 147 n., 148.

См. Абрамс (Abrams).

Stephen, James Fitzjames, 13, 20 n., 23 n., 24, 26 n., 29 n., 56, 201 n., 263 n.

Sterling Bill, 197, 207.

Stevenson, J. A., 269 n.

Stevenson, R. L., on Braxfield, 146 n.

Stirner, 221.

Stokes, Rose Pastor, prosecution, 13 n., 28 n., 58, 59, 67, 87 n., 92, 118, 119, 225.

Stone, F. D., 19 n.

Storey, Moorfield, on intervention, 160 n.

Story, Joseph, 8 n., 341, 345 n.

Уличные собрания. См. Собрания (Assembly).

Strikes, 53, 164, 218, 220;

under Espionage Act of 1918, 74, 269, 273, 274;

coal strike, 82, 260;

advocacy of general strike, 122, 125, 139, 140, 149–153, 163, 188, 216, 257–261, 271.

См. Профсоюзы (Labor Unions).

Strong, A. L., 115 n.

Submarine warfare, discussion of criminal, 57, 60.

Sugarman, prosecution, 88 n., 89, 90.

Suhr, and I.W.W., 163.

Sumner, Charles, 210, 330.

Sumner, William G., 97, 362.

Sunday, Rev. Wm., 260.

Верховный суд США (Supreme Court of the United States), дела по Закону о шпионаже, 15, 16, 87–106, 116, 120–160 passim, 178, 191, 207, 285;

other free speech cases, 9, 12;

on conscription, 7, 35, 40, 57;

on postal power, 108;

protection of lives of judges, 197, 200, 206;

on power over aliens, 230 ff.;

on anarchist exclusions, 275 ff.;

on guilt by association, 265;

on searches and seizures, 299–301, 335;

on federal peace-time sedition bill, 207.

Sweden, free speech in, 286.

Sweet, Thaddeus C., N. Y. Speaker, 333–339, 357, 361 ff.

Sweethearts, discouragement of, in war criminal, 58, 103.

Switzerland, free speech in, 286.

Syndicalism, statutes against, 163, 190–194, 197, 212, 265.

Syracuse Socialists, prosecution, 115.

Tacitus, quoted, 118 n.

Tageblatt, Филадельфия. См. Шефер (Schaefer).

Taney, Chief Justice, 34 n.;

against lawlessness in war, 81 n.

Tarde, 163.

Taxation, 106, 233;

restraint of free speech by, 19 n., 32, 282;

discussion of war taxation suppressed, 57, 64, 65, 95, 107.

Telegraph, censorship of, 109 n.

Тенденция, дурная, как критерий преступности слов, губительна для свободы слова, см. Свобода слова (Speech, freedom of);

social and economic tendency unsuitable for decision by judges and juries, 49, 52, 68, 69, 104, 132–136, 158.

Test oath, restricted by U. S. Constitution, 3;

in R. I., 77;

in N. Y., 333, 342, 343, 354 n.

Test Oath Act, 328, 330, 349–351, 353.

Texas, war sedition law, 111 n.

Thaw, H. K., trial, 136 n., 163.

Thayer, J. B., 6 n.

Thayer, W. R., 203.

Theater, shouting fire in, 16;

censorship of, 172, 175.

Third Amendment, 33.

Thirteenth Amendment, 7, 35, 36.

Thomas, A. V., 218 n.

Угрозы. См. Президент (President).

Tiberius, Emperor, censorship, 118 n., 268.

Tighe, Ambrose, on war powers, 33 n., 117 n.

Tildsley, John L., 365 ff.

Tobacco, 209.

Toledo, 191.

Tolstoy, 276, 279, 294 n.

Torts, outside free speech clauses, 14, 15.

См. Клевета (Libel).

Townley, prosecution, 78 n., 85 n., 111 and n.

Trachtenberg, A., 257 n.

Профсоюзы. См. Профсоюзы (Labor unions).

Trading with the Enemy Act, 108 n., 195.

Training camps, limiting war-time discussion, 7, 57, 119;

sanitary conditions, 64.

Treason, 97;

levying war, 166, 201, 265;

aid and comfort to enemies, 148 n., 202, 324–328;

in war with Germany, 41 and n., 50, 74, 91, 325 n.;

against U. S., states cannot prosecute, 111;

effect of clause on federal sedition statutes, 201–203, 218;

Бергер и связь государственной измены с Законом о шпионаже, 325–328.

Treaties, 36, 233;

with Germany, 1, 119;

secret, 36, 37 and n.

Trevelyan, G. O., 295, 312.

Trotsky, Leon, 135, 144, 147, 311.

Trumbull, Lyman, Senator, on expulsion, 346, 347.

Truth, social interest in, 34–39, 155–160, 176, 368 ff.;

importance in war, 36, 37, 46, 63, 65, 66, 96;

not concerned in mere advocacy of violence and lawlessness, 49, 50, 63, 173, 204;

not a defense under Espionage Act, except false statements clause, 56, 115;

связь с уголовным правом в отношении непристойности, сквернословия и т. д., 169–173.

См. Клевета (Libel).

Tucker, St. George, 8 n.

Tucker, St. John, 101.

Tunney, T. J., Inspector, 123, 169 n., 181 and n., 182.

Тернер (Turner), Джон, анархист, подвергшийся высылке, 275–283 passim.

Tyler, Moses C., 276 n.

Скрытые осведомители (Under-cover informants), 269–272.

Соединенные Штаты, подстрекательство к сопротивлению им, противодействие их делу, см. Закон о шпионаже (Espionage Act);

division of state and federal jurisdiction over crimes, 113 ff., 171;

политические партии, см. Партии (Parties);

absence of intellectual divergencies, 289, 363.

United States Constitution, absence of free speech clause and ratification, 3, 4, 156;

affirmative power over speech and sedition, 3, 34 and n., 199–201;

abuse of, crime, 45, 114.

См. различные темы, например, Свобода слова (Speech, freedom of); Государственная измена (Treason); Депортации (Deportations); Билль о правах (Bills of rights); а также различные поправки по номерам.

United States courts, no common law crimes, 22.

См. Верховный суд (Supreme Court); Окружные суды (District courts); Судьи (Judges); Судьи-федералисты (Federalist judges).

United States Officials, protection of, from violence, 163–169, 196–207, 213–215, 251.

См. Президент (President); Должностные лица, осуществляющие судебное преследование (Prosecuting officials); Министерство юстиции (Justice, department of).

United States statutes, adequacy against utterances in war, 40–42, 46, 50;

against revolution and attacks on officials, 165–169, 194, 196;

accessories, 52 and n., 53, 166 n.;

attempts and incitement, 166 and n.;

judicial code, 269, 149 n.;

Explosives Act, 169.

Untermeyer, Samuel, on Rand School, 309, 310.

Vallandigham, 97, 117 and n., 325, 330.

Vance, W. R., on freedom of speech, 22 n., 76 n.

Van Valkenburgh, Judge, 13 n., 28 n., 58, 59, 87, 225.

Veblen, Thorstein, book on Germany excluded from mails, 108.

Venezuela, deportation of American, 288 n.

Vermont, constitution, free speech clause, 4 n.

Vessels, merchant, sinking of, 57, 60.

См. Суда (Ships).

Violence, draft riots, 40, 50;

толпы во время войны, 44–46;

закон против них, 165–169;

пропаганда насилия радикалами, главы IV, V, passim;

by conservatives, 260, 261;

suppression of opinion by, 196, 197, 219, 260, 264.

См. «Сила и насилие» («Force and Violence»); Подстрекательство к преступлению (Solicitation); Беспорядки (Riots).

Virginia, demands federal free speech clause, 4;

constitution, free speech clause, 4;

religious toleration statute, 17, 18, 31, 66, 67, 170, 217;

Resolutions, 20 n., 211 n., 240 n.

Voters’ Leagues, restrictions on, 11 n.

Wade, Judge, 13 n., 62, 63, 64, 83.

Waite, Chief Justice, 325 n.

Waldman, Louis, N. Y. Socialist assemblyman, 333, 356.

Waldron, C. H., prosecution, 61, 62.

Wallace, D. H., prosecution, 13 n., 62.

Wallas, Graham, 271 n., 294 n.

War, extended scope to-day, 6, 7;

criticism of flogging in army, 27, 28, 68;

of general by troops, 50;

trial of civilians by military courts, 33 n., 42;

censorship on military news, 10, 98, 99;

Билль о правах в них, 32–34;

importance of the truth in, 36, 37, 46, 63–66, 114;

psychological effects, 225;

насилие толпы, 44–46;

причины войны не подлежат судебному доказыванию, 104–106;

state war cases, 110 n.;

влияние на исключение из законодательства, 328–332;

on schools, 366 ff.;

техническое состояние войны, 113–119;

future wars and free speech, 46, 64, 113 ff.;

federal war powers, 88, 200.

См. Свобода слова (Speech, freedom of), Конкретные применения (Concrete applications); Воинская повинность (Conscription); Закон о шпионаже (Espionage Act); Армия (Army); Военно-морской флот (Navy); Статуты штатов о крамоле (Sedition statutes of states); Собрания (Assembly); названия различных войн.

War Department, Report of Activities in Field of Industrial Relations, cited, 153 n.

War of 1812, opposition to, 64, 330 n.

War College Publications, cited, 98, 99.

War-time Prosecutions and Mob Violence, cited, 45 n., 57 n., 74 n., 102 n., 110 n., 302 n.

Ward, Judge, 54 n.

Warrants, general, 296, 297, 299, 311.

См. Аресты (Arrests); Обыски и выемки (Searches and Seizures); Депортации (Deportations).

Warren, Charles, on treason, 325 n., 326 n., 327 n.

Washington, prosecution for libel on the dead, 172;

red flag law, 181 n.;

anarchy act, 188.

Washington, George, 147;

libel on, 172.

Watkins, Gordon S., 256.

Webster, Daniel, 330.

Weinberger, Harry, 126, 132, 133 n., 146.

West Virginia, red flag law, 181;

sedition law, 190;

moving picture law, 203 n.

Westenhaver, Judge, 91.

Western Federation of Miners, 267.

Western Union Telegraph Co., 109 n.

Wharton, Francis, quoted, 52, 73.

White, E. D., Chief Justice, 12, 148 n.

White slave traffic, discussion punished, 171.

Whitney, Anita, 190 n.

Wickersham, G. W., 133.

Wigmore, J. H., Evidence, 85 n.;

on Abrams case, 130 n., 141 n.

Wilcox, E. H., Russia’s Ruin, 132.

Wilkes, John, 23, 295;

searches and seizures, 295–298, 301;

exclusion from House of Commons, 250, 295, 296, 311–315, 321, 328, 329, 338, 343, 349, 355, 356.

Willes, Justice, 9 n.

Williams, A. R., called in Abrams case, 133.

Williams, Roger, 176, 227, 276, 277, 286, 321, 372.

Willoughby, W. W., 230 n., 233 n.

Willy and his Papa, cartoons, 52.

Wilson, William B., Secretary of Labor, 243, 247, 248, 250, 252;

decisions on Communist Labor Party and Communist Party, 256–262, 268;

on I.W.W., 272, 273;

Martens case, 287, 288;

on deportation policy, 290, 291.

Wilson, Woodrow, President, on Sedition Act of 1798, 25;

ignorance of secret treaties, 37 n.;

opposes court martial for pacifists, 62;

speeches as evidence in Espionage Act cases, 57, 103–106;

exercise of pardoning power, 60, 61, 62 n., 73, 87 n., 117;

war aims hindered by policy of suppression, 113, 119;

attacked in Abrams case, 120–122, 138;

Russian policy, 131, 132, 151;

message on Federal Sedition Bill, 211–213, 220;

threats to kill, 215;

responsibility for deportations, 249;

on economic nature of the War, 321;

free speech record, 336;

miscellaneous, 60, 225, 315, 363.

Witches, Salem, 356, 351.

Wolverton, Judge, 83.

Women, discouragement of, in war, criminal, 57, 58, 103;

nationalization of, 154.

Wood, Baron, 27, 28.

Woods, Arthur, 177, 178 and n.

Слова и действия, их связь со свободой слова, 49–51, 164–180;

уголовное право в отношении высказываний, 169–173.

Works, John D., on federal judges, 84.

“Work or fight” statute, constitutional, 7.

Wursterbarth, denaturalized, 109, 110 n.

Wurts, John, on federal juries, 80 n.

Young Men’s Christian Association, criticism of, criminal, 57, 70;

refusal of contributions, punished, 109, 110.

Youth, social interest in training of, limits freedom of speech, 34, 170, 179, 180, 368, 374 ff.

Zenger, Peter, trial, 23 and n.

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE Указатель не проверялся на предмет правильности алфавитного порядка или корректности ссылок на страницы.

Очевидные опечатки и ошибки пунктуации были исправлены после тщательного сопоставления с другими случаями их употребления в тексте и консультаций со сторонними источниками.

Некоторые дефисы в словах были незаметно удалены, а некоторые добавлены при обнаружении преобладающего предпочтения в оригинальной книге.

За исключением тех изменений, которые указаны ниже, все орфографические ошибки в тексте, а также несогласованное или архаичное употребление были сохранены.

Pg 84: “recommmends” replaced by “recommends”

99: “unbiassed” replaced by “unbiased”

126: “Revolutions” replaced by “Revolution”

166: “refererences” replaced by “references”

169: “protct” replaced by “protect”

193: “Bolshevisim” replaced by “Bolshevism”

220: “nor” replaced by “now”

220: “aganist” replaced by “against”

238: “write” replaced by “writ”

241: “admistrative” replaced by “administrative”

277: “trangressors” replaced by “transgressors”

407: “Heating” replaced by “Healing”

408: “Hal” replaced by “Hall”

409: “Mollen” replaced by “Moilen”

416: “prosesecuting” replaced by “prosecuting”.