Х. Курелла: Чезаре Ломброзо и естественная история преступника. Гамбург, 1892.
Х. Курелла: Естественная история преступника. Штутгарт, 1893.
Х. Курелла: Границы вменяемости и криминальная антропология. Галле на Заале, 1903.
Х. Курелла: Социологические исследования и Чезаре Ломброзо, Monatsschr. f. Kriminalpsychologie und Strafrechtsreform, 1906. S. 308 u. ff.
Г. Ашаффенбург: Преступление и борьба с ним. Гейдельберг, 1903.
Р. Зоммер: Криминальная психология и уголовно-правовая психопатология. Лейпциг, 1904.
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ В ФАКТЫ И ДОКУМЕНТЫ ПОЗИТИВИЗМА, 1841–1865
Подготовительная работа, 1841–1850
1841. Joule: Thermogenic Effects of the Electric Current.
Herschel: Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences.
List: Das nationale System der politischen Ökonomie.
1842. R. Mayer: Erhaltung der Energie.
R. Wagner: Handwörterbuch der Physiologie.
A. Comte: Cours de philosophie positive.
L. Feuerbach: Wesen des Christentums.
1843. J. S. Mill: Inductive Logic.
Matteucci: Discovery of the Nerve-Current.
1844. Faraday: Electrical Conduction and the Nature of Matter.
1845. Discovery of the Electrical Incandescent Lamp.
1846. W. Weber: Electrodynamic Measurements.
Discovery of Anæsthesia by Ether.
1847. Helmholtz: Die Erhaltung der Kraft (Conservation of Energy).
Discovery of Anæsthesia by Chloroform.
1848. Quetelet: Du système social.
Dubois-Reymond: Animal Electricity.
Discovery of Gold in California.
1849. Discoveries of Bacillus of Anthrax and of Aniline Dyes.
1850. Herbert Spencer: Social Statics (Identity of Laws of Organic and Social Evolution).
Господство позитивизма, 1851–1860.
1851–1860. Mileage of European Railway Systems increases by 250 per cent.
1851. Lyell: Principles of Geology.
Lombroso: Concerning Marzolo’s “Monumenti storici rivelati dall’ analisi della parola.”
Schopenhauer: Parerga und Paralipomena.
Discovery of the Neanderthal Skull and Other Evidences of the Antiquity of Man.
Helmholtz: Ophthalmoscope.
Ruhmkorff: Induction Coil.
Richard Wagner: Oper und Drama.
Millet: Le Semeur; und Courbet: Das Begräbnis von Ornans.
1852. Moleschott: Kreislauf des Lebens.
1855. Pflüger: Electrotonus.
Naegeli: Investigations Regarding Vegetable Physiology.
Büchner: Kraft und Stoff (Force and Matter).
Faraday: Magnetic Philosophy.
Discovery of Hot-air Engine, of Bessemer Steel, and of Aniline-violet.
Walt Whitman: Leaves of Grass.
1856. Discovery of the Annular Kiln, of the Regenerative Gas Furnace, and of the Mercurial Air-pump.
J. von Liebig: Theory and Practice of Agriculture.
Le Play: Les Ouvriers Européens.
Четыре классических года позитивизма, 1857–1860.
1857. Bunsen: Exact Methods for the Analysis of Gases.
Morel: Traité des Dégénérescences.
Marx: Materialist Conception of History.
Buckle: History of Civilization.
Tocqueville: La Révolution et l’Ancien Régime.
Flaubert: Madame Bovary.
1858. Virchow: Cellularpathologie.
M. Schiff: Lehrbuch der Physiologie.
1859. Kirchhoff und Bunsen: Spectrum Analysis.
Darwin: Origin of Species.
J. S. Mill: On Liberty.
Discovery of the Telephone, the Ice Machine, and the Azo Colouring Matters.
1860. Fechner: Psyohophysik.
Boucher de Perthes: De l’Homme Antédiluvien et de ses Œuvres.
Boucher de Perthes: Discovery of the Gas Engine.
Semper: Der Stil.
Последствия, 1861–1865.
1861. Bachofen: Das Mutterrecht (Matriarchy).
Griesinger: Pathology of Mental Disorders.
Schleicher: Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen.
Manet: Frühstück im Grünen.
Dostoieffsky: Raskolnikow.
Fontane: Wanderungen durch die Mark.
Liberation of Serfs in Russia.
1862. Herbert Spencer: First Principles.
Ibsen: The Comedy of Love.
Tourgueneff: Fathers and Sons.
Construction of Pacific Railway.
Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.
Bismarck’s Realpolitik (Blood and Iron).
1863. Huxley: Man’s Place in Nature.
Lyell: Antiquity of Man.
Huggins: Spectra of Fixed Stars and Nebulæ.
Broca: Sur le Siège, le Diagnostic et la Nature de l’Aphémie.
Pasteur: Theory of Fermentation.
Renan: Vie de Jésus.
Wundt: Vorlesungen über die Menschen und Tierseele.
1864. Lombroso: Genio e follia.
A. Wagner: The Reign of Law in the Apparently Voluntary Actions of Human Beings.
Lassalle: Bastiat-Schultze.
De Goncourt: Renée Mauperin.
Zola: Confession de Claude.
Tolstoy: War and Peace.
1865. Meynert: Anatomy of the Cerebral Cortex and its Relations to the Sensory Surface of the Body.
Lubbock: Prehistoric Times.
Lombroso: Aliénations Mentales Étudiées par la Méthode Expérimentale.
Haeckel: Generelle Morphologie.
Von Liebig: Induktion und Deduktion.
Cannizzaro: L’ emancipazione della ragione.
J. S. Mill: Comte and Positivism.
Taine: Le Positivisme Anglais.
Extension of Democracy in England by Russell and Gladstone.
Martin Steel, Gas-engines, Influence Machines.
УКАЗАТЕЛЬ
A.
Adaptation, deficient, of degenerates, 123
Africo-Hellene race of Calabria, 129
«Аграрное расследование», 114
Agrarian problems, Lombroso, 127
Agrarian reform, 156, 157
Aksakow, Von, 176
Alcoholism and criminality, 95
Altruism deficient in criminal types, 105
Analogies, Lombroso’s talent for the discovery of, 112
Anarchism, 149
Animal magnetism, 168
Anomalous character of genius, 162, 163
Anthropology, earlier and recent significations of the term, 10 note
subject-matter of, 132
Lombroso’s conception of, 135, 137, 138
according to Virchow, Broca, and Mantegazza, 135
criminal, 18–54. See also separate organs, as brain, skull, etc.
tabular statement of primatoid varieties, 27–29
fundamental notion of, 42
physiognomy, 47–53
табличная ведомость отличительных анатомических признаков, указывающих на аномальную врожденную предрасположенность у более чем 800 не страдающих душевными болезнями преступников, 54
significance of, 130–138
Congress for, 147, 148
женщин. См. «Женщина-преступница»
Anti-semitism, 149
Anti-social tendencies of degenerates, 104, 105
types, 119, 123
need for segregation of, 146
Обезьяноподобные признаки. См. Приматоидные разновидности
Apportionment of punishment, 131
Арго. См. Жаргон
Aristocracy, Jewish, 164, 165
Arrest of development in criminals. See also Atavism, 46
“Art for art’s sake,” in criminals, 89
Art, naturalism in, 133
Artistic method, new, the fruit of positivism, 134
Arts, industrial, and positivism, 133
Aschaffenburg, 60 note, 147, 177
Asymmetry, facial, 104
Atavism, 19–25, 45–48, 59, 60, 95, 96, 101, 105, 118, 160 162
and crime. See Atavism and prostitution, 59, 60
Austrian dominion in Italy, 165
B.
Bachofen, 180
Bacon, Francis, 113
Baer, A., 24 note
Bagehot, Walter, quoted, 66 note
Battery, Zamboni’s dry, 172
Bebel, 110
Beltrani-Scalia, 80
Benedikt, 94
Bianchi, 175, 177
Biogenetic law, the fundamental, 118
Biological determination of social phenomena, 107 et seq.
determinism. See also Determinism
of Lombroso, 161, 162
Bismarck, 165
Bistolfi, 82
Blameworthiness, 131
Books consulted, list of, 177
Врожденный преступник. См. Преступник, врожденный
Born criminals form a degenerative subtype, 105
Boucher de Perthes, 180
Bourgeois criminality, 87
Brain in criminals, 38–45
Bread-riots at Milan, 1898, 153
Breeding, racial improvement by, 129, 146
Broca, 135, 180
Bruant, 91
Brusa, 141
Büchner, 8, 179
Buckle, 107
Bunsen, 134, 179, 180
Burdach, 7
C.
Calabria, Lombroso’s work in, 114
races of, 114, 129
Camorra, the, 91
Cannizzaro, 181
Capital punishment, Lombroso favours, 128
Cardan, Jerome, Lombroso’s work on, 112, 162
Carrara, 81, 177
Cause and prevention, 158
Causes and prevention of crime, 147
Ceccarel, 177
Cerebrogenous characters, 27–29, 54
Chamberlain, Houston, 129
Characteristics common to criminals and epileptics, 98, 99
Признаки цереброгенные, приматоидные и др. См. под соответствующим прилагательным
Charcot, 168
Charuigi, 7
Cheats, 169
Child criminals, 97
Ciolfi, 175
Class-interests, power of, in preventing spread of truth, 151, 152
Классовая борьба. См. Классовая война
Class war, the, and social evolution, 121, 122, 124, 125
Classes, differentiation by and through, 121
Clinical observation, 136
Comte, vi, 178
Врожденное. См. Наследственность
Congress for Criminal Anthropology, 147, 148
Conventional element in crime, 90
Correlation of growth, 104
Cosmic causality, 136
determinism, 69, 132–134
influences, 159
Cranio-facial developments, ratios of, 31, 34
Краниелогия. См. Череп
Краниеметрия. См. Череп
Crest, internal frontal, 28, 29
temporal, 29
Crime. See also Criminal
and insanity, 84, 85
and imbecility, 84, 85
and disease, 97
causes and prevention of, 147
related to genius and to insanity, 164
политическое. См. Политическое преступление
Criminal. See also Anthropology, criminal
accidental, 131
anthropology. See also Anthropology, criminal
Congress for, 147, 148
positive foundation of, 134
significance of, 130–138
subject-matter of, 132
born, 100, 131. See also Criminal type
Criminal born, the insensibility of, 88, 89
degenerate, 131
epileptic, 140, 145
habitual, 140, 145
insane, 131, 140, 145
жаргон. См. Жаргон
юриспруденция. 139–149
«Преступный человек», 140
Criminal nature, 131. See also Criminal type and Criminal, born
and epilepsy, 98–103
occasional, 131, 140, 145
by passion, 140, 145
political, 119, 120. See also Political criminal
psychology. 79–105. See also Psychology, criminal
significance of term, 93 note
tendencies, inheritance of, 96, 97, 101
type, the, 102
criticism of idea of, 55
meaning and limitations of the doctrine, 50
physiognomy of, 51
types, female, comparatively rare, 61–63
лишены «материнского чувства», 63
женщина. См. «Женщина-преступница»
Criminality, atavistic, 160
by passion, 100
evolutionary, 160
influence of environment on, 160
Criminaloid, the, 64, 145
Criminals, cruelty of, 84–86
recklessness of, 84, 85
responsibility of, 85, 86
economic status of, 86, 87
Criminology, school of positive, 140
Crispi, 153
Cro-Magnon, prehistoric man of, 33
Crossing of races, and its effect on political evolution, 74
Cruelty in women, 58
of criminals, 84–86
Cunning and force, 160
D.
Dante, 173
Darwin, 33, 47, 117, 134, 180
Darwin’s “Descent of Man,” 33, 117
Darwinian tipped ear, 47
Дарвинизм. См. Эволюция
Death, indifference to, in criminals, 88, note
penalty, Lombroso favours, 128
Decentralization of Government, Lombroso favours, 127
Degenerate, the, an anti-social being, 104, 105
Degenerates, 123
Degeneration, 15 et seq., 103–105, 159, 160, 162
and crime, 103–105
genius and, 162
practical significance of term, 104
stigmata of, 103 105
theory of, 160
De Goncourt, 180
Democracy, Lombroso’s faith in, 125
Dental abnormalities, 104
De Perthes, Boucher, 180
“Descent of Man” (Darwin’s), 33, 117
Despine, 13, 14
Determinism, 69, 107 et seq., 116, 120, 121, 123, 132–134, 138, 161, 162
biological, of Lombroso, 107, 116, 120, 121, 161, 162
cosmic, 69, 132–134
economic, of Marx, 116, 123
Развитие, нравственное. См. Нравственное развитие
Диагноз, дифференциальный. См. Дифференциальный диагноз
Dickens, Charles, quoted, 170
Differences, individual, comparatively unimportant, 161
Differential diagnosis of varieties of criminal, 83–91
Differentiation in human species, 122
sexual, 57, 58, 121
Lombroso’s law of, 57
Differentiation, sexual, in savages as compared with civilized races, 58
Discovery, fruitful period of, in association with a positivist view of the universe, 133
Disease and crime, 97
Disraeli, 165
Documents of positivism, 178–181
Donna delinquente, la. См. «Женщина-преступница»
Dostoieffsky, 180
Dubois-Reymond, 178
Du Prel, 176
E.
Ear, Darwinian tipped, 47
handle-shaped and projecting, 104
Morel’s, 48
peculiarities of, in criminals, 47, 48
Earpoint of Darwin, 47
Economic determinism. See Determinism
factors of crime, 87
motive, supremacy of, 151, 152
status in relation to crime, 86, 87
Ellis, Havelock, vi, 58, note
quoted, 67 note
Environment, 132, 159, 160
and crime, 160
and individual, 132 et seq.
Epilepsy, 136
chronic, 100
and criminality, 98–103
and genius, 162
как наследственный эквивалент
of criminality, 103
larval, 100
Lombroso’s conception of, 99
Epileptic discharges, 161
Epileptoid states (Griesinger), 100
types common in prisons, 103
Epispadias, 104
Equanimity of criminals sentenced to death, 88 note
Equivalents, hereditary, criminality and epilepsy as, 103
Erotism, strong, abnormal in women, 59
Eskimo, skull of, 35
Esquirol, 7
Ethos and pathos, 164
Eugenics, 123, 128, 129, 146
Eurygnathism, 26, 29
Eusapia Palladino, 169, 172, 175, 176
Evolution of man from unknown primate asserted by Lombroso in 1871, 33
social, versus revolution, 120
Evolutionism, English, 7
Experimental method, Lombroso’s tendency to neglect the, 135–137
Extreme value of weights and measurements in criminal brains, 40, 41, 42
in criminal physiognomy, 49–51
in criminal skulls, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42
F.
Facts and documents of positivism, 178–181
Lombroso’s respect for, 134
Faraday, 178, 179
Fechner, 137, 180
Ferrati, 156
Ferrero, G., 56, 57, 81
Ferri, Enrico, 79, 140, 169, 177
Ferri, Luigi, 169
Feuerbach, 178
«Первые принципы», 116
Flaubert, 179
Fontane, 180
Force and cunning, 160
Forehead, receding, 27, 31, 32
Forel, 168
Fossa, middle occipital, 28, 32
“Fra Diavolo,” skull of, 32
France and the revolutionary spirit, 68, 72–74
Frassati, 177
Free will, illusion of, 133
Frigerio, 48
Frigidity, sexual, of prostitutes, 63
G.
Gabelli, 141
Gall, 13, 14, 17
Garofalo, 140, 141
Gasparone, skull of, 32
Genius, 70–73, 119, 120, 162–164
and anomaly, 162
«Гениальность и вырождение», 162
Genius and epilepsy, 162
its freedom from misoneism, 70
function of, in promoting social evolution, 120
index of, for the departments of France, 72
in the insane, 163, 164
and republicanism, 72, 73
and revolution, 70–72
Рисунок Жерико «Tête d’un Supplicié», 51
Gladstone, W. E., 181
Gobineau, 129
Goethe, 111, 113
Goncourt, de, 180
Gosio, 156
Greek racial elements in Calabria, 129
Greenlander, brain of, 44, 45
«Привет из мира духов», 176
Griesinger, 7, 100, 180
Growth, correlation of, 104
Gudden, 7
H.
Haeckel, 118, 181
quoted, 118 note
Hamel, Van, 142, 143
Handle-shaped and projecting ear, 104
Harden, Maximilian, 81
Heinze, 88 note
Hellenic racial elements in Calabria, 129
Helmholtz, 134, 178, 179
“Henkelohr,” 47, 104
Hereditary equivalents, criminality and epilepsy as, 103
Heredity. See also Inheritance criminal, 96, 97
Herschel, 178
History, determinist view of, 107 et seq.
Hohlenfels, prehistoric man of, 33
Homo delinquens, 120.
See also Criminal industrialis, 122
neanderthalensis, 120.
See also Primitive man sapiens, 124
natural variability of, and its consequences, 120
Huggins, 180
Humanism, modern, 125
Huxley, 180
Hygiene, racial, 128
Hylozoism, 133
Hypnotism, 168
Hypospadias, 104
I.
Ibsen, 180
«Враг народа» Ибсена, 154
Illusion of free will, the, 133
Imbecility. See also Insanity and crime, 84, 85
Impatience of reformers, 145
Imprisonment, Mittelstaedt on, 141
Impulsive criminality, 84, 85, 94
Inca bone, the, 35
«Inchiesta Agraria», 114
Incorrigibility of criminals, 97
Individual differences, comparatively unimportant, 161
and environment, 132 et seq.
factors influencing, 158–160
Individualism and Socialism, Lombroso’s attitude towards, 124
Industrial arts and positivism, 133
Inheritance of criminal tendencies, 96, 97, 101
pathological, 161, 162
Inhibition, lack of, in criminals, 42, 94
Innovation and misoneism, 66–69
Insensibility of born criminal, 88, 89
Insanity and crime, 84, 85
genius and, 163, 164
Insanity, moral, 100–103, 117
a professional disease of prisoners, 97
Inspiration, cosmic determination of, 163
“Intellectuals,” the, and Italian Socialism, 149
Italian influence on penal reform, 143, 144
J.
Jargon of criminals, 88 note, 91, 92
Jewish aristocracy, the, 164, 165
spirit, the, 129
Jews, civil disabilities of, 2
Joule, 178
Judenhetze. См. Антисемитизм
Jurisprudence, criminal, 139–149
K.
Kant, 111
Kirchhoff, 180
Kirn, 103
Knecht, 103
«Дух» Костюшко, 170
Kraepelin, 141
Krauss, 94
Kuliszew, Madame, 81
Kurella, 177
Kurella’s “Naturgeschichte des Verbrechers,” 94, 96
L.
Labour bureaus, Lombroso advocates, 128
“La donna delinquente, la prostituta, e la donna normale,” 56.
См. также «Женщина-преступница»
Land reform, 156, 157
Laschi, 78
Lassalle, 71, 180
characterization of, 71
Lavater, 111
Law, Lombroso’s interest in, 126
uniformity of, 137
Le Play, 179
Levi, Zefira (mother of Cesare Lombroso), 2, 3
Liebig, Von, 179, 181
Life-work as social reformer, Lombroso’s, 106–129, 148
List, 178
Liszt, Von, 141
Lombroso, Aron, 1
Lombroso, Cesare, birth, 1
the family, 1–3
childhood and youth, 1–10
family history, 1–3
antecedents, 1–13
revolutionary tendencies, 4
and Marzolo, 5, 6
and Panizza, 7, 33
and Moleschott, 7, 8, 9, 10
and Skoda, 9
and Virchow, 9
and Mantegazza, 10
and Golgi, 11
predecessors in research, 13–17
criminal anthropology, 18–54
сравнение европейских
with melanodermic races (“L’uomo bianco e l’uomo di colore”), 33
opposition to his views, 55, 56
merits and defects of his work, 56, 57, 65
«Женщина-преступница и проститутка», 56–64
«Политические преступники и революции», 64–79
«L’ uomo di genio», 72
«Человек гениальный», 72
Archivia di psichiatria, 79
home life at Turin, 79–83
criminal psychology, 79–105
daughters of, 80
«Palimsesti del carcere», 95 прим.
on the relations between epilepsy and criminality, 98–103
his conception of epilepsy, 99
and the term “degeneration,” 104, 105
as a social reformer, 106–129
his methods, 106–129
his significance in the history of science, 106 et seq.
his method of work, 111 et seq.
his pathographies, 112
работа о «Кардано», 112
talent for analogy, 112
work in Calabria, 114
on the conception of “the social organism,” 116, 124
his principal contributions to sociology, 118 et seq.
and the class war, 121, 122, 124
and “revaluation,” 119, 128
his attitude towards Socialism, 124
his philosophy, 124
as municipal councillor, 124 note
не «партийный человек», 124
and democracy, 125
and humanism, 125
and social reform, 125–129
views on Parliamentary government, 125 note, 128
views on universal suffrage, 126 note
interested in the legal rather than the economic order, 126
and capitalism, 127
and industrialism, 127
and the agrarian problem, 127
и «протекционизм», 127
and decentralization of government, 127
and labour bureaus, 128
views on punishment in general, and on capital punishment in particular, 128
advocates artificial selection, 128
and eugenics, 128
on pellagra, 129
on races of Southern Italy, 129
significance of criminal anthropology, 130–138
on criminal law and its enforcement, 131
hylozoist ideas, 133
and positive science, 134
his respect for facts, 134
his hunger for material, 134
insufficient verification of facts by, 135
occasional credulity of, 135
spiritualistic experiences, 135
his conception of anthropology, 135, 136
his preference for observing states rather than processes, 135