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«Исследование свидетельств четырех евангелистов с точки зрения правил судопроизводства / С описанием суда над Иисусом»

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§ 42. Все, о чем христианство просит людей в этом вопросе, — это чтобы они были последовательны сами с собой; чтобы они относились к его доказательствам так же, как они относятся к доказательствам других вещей; и чтобы они судили его актеров и свидетелей и выносили им приговор так же, как они поступают со своими ближними, когда те свидетельствуют о человеческих делах и поступках в человеческих трибуналах. Пусть свидетели будут сопоставлены сами с собой, друг с другом и с окружающими фактами и обстоятельствами; и пусть их показания будут просеяны так, будто они даются в суде на стороне противной стороны, причем свидетели подвергаются строгому перекрестному допросу. Результатом, как мы с уверенностью полагаем, станет несомненное убеждение в их честности, способностях и правдивости. В ходе такого исследования непреднамеренные совпадения будут множиться для нас на каждом шагу нашего продвижения; вероятность достоверности свидетелей и реальности происшествий, о которых они повествуют, будет возрастать, пока не приобретет для всех практических целей ценность и силу демонстрации.

§ 43. Следует помнить, что очень малая часть литературы их времени и страны дошла до нас; и что сопутствующие источники и средства подтверждения и объяснения их писаний пропорционально ограничены. Современные им письменные памятники и произведения искусства, дошедшие до нас, неизменно подтверждали их рассказы, примиряли то, что казалось противоречивым, и восполняли то, что казалось дефектным или [pg 042] несовершенным. Следовательно, мы должны заключить, что если бы у нас было больше такого света, все прочие подобные трудности и несовершенства исчезли бы. Поистине, они постепенно исчезают, причем стремительно, перед лицом света современных исследований, проводимых людьми науки в наши дни. И примечательно, что из всех исследований и открытий путешественников и литераторов со времен падения Римской империи не было найдено ни единого следа древности, который хотя бы в малейшей степени ставил под сомнение достоверность священных писаний; напротив, каждый результат стремился подтвердить ее.

§ 44. Существенные отличительные признаки между истинными рассказами о фактах и порождениями вымысла уже упоминались. Здесь можно добавить, что эти признаки истины поразительно очевидны во всех евангельских историях, и что отсутствие всех остальных столь же примечательно. Авторы ссылаются, например, на существующие нравы и обычаи, а также на обстоятельства времен и своей страны с величайшей детализацией в отсылках. И эти отсылки никогда не делаются официально, ни с предисловием и объяснением, никогда не множатся и не нагромождаются друг на друга, и не сводятся вместе так, будто они введены намеренно; но они рассеяны широко и поодиночке по каждой части рассказа и так соединяются с каждым описанным происшествием, что делают разоблачение фальши неизбежным. Эта детализация также не свойственна какому-то одному историку, но обрна для всех них. Хотя они писали в разные периоды и без взаимного сговора, все они одинаковым образом попутно ссылаются на одно и то же положение дел и на те же современные и сопутствующие обстоятельства. Их показания с этой точки зрения стоят на одном основании с показаниями четырех свидетелей, допрошенных порознь перед разными уполномоченными по одним и тем же вопросным пунктам, и все они попутно ссылаются на одни и те же обстоятельства как окружающие и сопутствующие главному событию, на которое исключительно направлено их внимание. И примечательно, что эти обстоятельства носили в то время особый характер. Едва ли какое-либо государство или царство в мире переживало столько превратностей в своем управлении и политических отношениях, сколько [pg 043] пережила Иудея в период евангельской истории. Она последовательно находилась под управлением Ирода Великого, Архелая и римского магистрата; она была царством, тетрархией и провинцией; и ее дела, законы и отправление правосудия — все было вовлечено в путаницу и неопределенность, естественно ожидаемые от недавнего завоевания. Было бы трудно выбрать в истории наций какое-либо место или период для времени и места действия вымышленной истории или обмана, которые сочетали бы в себе столько трудностей, подлежащих преодолению фальсификатором, столько современных писателей, противостоящих ему, и столько возможностей для разоблачения фальши. 68

§ 45. „Будь евангелисты лживыми историками“, — говорит д-р Чалмерс, — „они не стали бы компрометировать себя столькими подробностями. Они не предоставили бы бдительным исследователям той эпохи столь действенного орудия для того, чтобы подорвать к себе доверие народа, и не стали бы безрассудно снабжать каждую страницу своего повествования таким количеством материалов для перекрестного допроса, который неминуемо их опозорил бы. Но мы в нынешнем веке можем провести тот же перекрестный допрос. Мы можем сопоставить авторов Евангелий с современными им авторами и проверить ряд обстоятельств в истории, управлении и особом укладе еврейского народа. Следовательно, мы имеем возможность провести перекрестный допрос авторов Нового Завета, и свобода, с которой они ссылаются на эти обстоятельства, и частота таких ссылок дают нам для этого изобилие материалов. Тот факт, что их мелкие и попутные ссылки подтверждаются свидетельствами других историков, придает их словам огромный вес того, что называют косвенными доказательствами в их пользу. В качестве образца этого аргумента ограничим наши наблюдения историей суда, казни и погребения нашего Спасителя. Они привели его к Понтию Пилату. Мы знаем как из сочинений Тацита, так и из трудов Иосифа Флавия, что он в то время был правителем Иудеи. Прежде чем они могли приступить к приведению приговора в отношении Иисуса в исполнение, требовался вынесенный им вердикт; и мы [pg 044] знаем, что власть над жизнью и смертью обычно принадлежала римскому наместнику. Нашего Спасителя подвергли насмешкам; и нам известно, что в ту эпоху это было обычным делом как перед казнью преступников, так и во время нее. Пилат приказал бичевать Иисуса перед тем, как выдать его на распятие. Из древних источников нам известно, что у римцев это было заведено самым обычным образом. Отчеты о казненных обычно звучат так: его обнажили, высекли и обезглавили либо предали казни. Согласно евангелистам, обвинение против него было написано наверху креста; и из сочинений Светония и других авторов мы узнаем, что преступление, в котором обвинялся подлежащий казни человек, прикреплялось к орудию его наказания. Согласно евангелистам, это обвинение было написано на трех разных языках; и из трудов Иосифа Флавия мы знаем, что в Иерусалиме было весьма принято оформлять все публичные объявления подобным образом. Согласно евангелистам, Иисус должен был сам нести свой крест; и из иных источников информации нам известно, что в те времена это было неизменным правилом. Согласно евангелистам, тело Иисуса по просьбе друзей было выдано для погребения. Нам известно, что таковы были закон или обычай у всех римских наместников в отношении всех преступников, кроме тех, чьи преступления носили особо тяжкий характер“. 69

§ 46. В характерах, представленных священными историками, также ощущается поразительная естественность, которая редко, если вообще когда-либо, встречается в художественных произведениях и которую, вероятно, больше нигде нельзя собрать подобным образом из фрагментарных и случайных упоминаний и выражений в текстах разных авторов. Возьмем, например, характер Петра, каким он предстает из рассказов евангелистов, и едва ли возможно представить себе, чтобы четыре человека, писавшие в разное время, сошлись в изображении столь цельного характера, если бы он не был подлинным; к тому же характера, заметим, который нигде не описывается прямо, а проступает лишь то тут, то там, случайно, во второстепенных деталях главного повествования. Представая в таком свете, он оказывается образом человека уверенного, жизнерадостного и ревностного; порывистого и импульсивного, но [pg 045] в то же время смиренного и готового признать свою неправоту; честного и прямого в своих помыслах; горячо любящего своего учителя, однако лишенного стойкости и твердости в отстаивании его дела. 70 Когда Иисус обращался к апостолам с каким-либо вопросом, Петр отвечал первым; 71 и если они хотели о чем-то спросить Иисуса, именно Петр был готов заговорить раньше всех. 72 У него хватило буйной храбрости отсечь ухо слуге первосвященника, пришедшего арестовать его учителя; и слабости проявить лицемерие перед иудеями в вопросе совместной трапезы с обращенными язычниками. 73 Именно он побежал с Иоанном к гробнице, услышав первые вести о воскресении Иисуса, и с присущим ему рвением бросился внутрь, в то время как Иоанн остановился у входа. 74 У него хватило пыла пожелать и веры попытаться пойти по воде по повелению своего Господа, но едва он увидел бушующий ветер, как испугался. 75 Он первым предложил избрать другого апостола на место Иуды; 76 и именно он мужественно защищал их всех в день Пятидесятницы, когда толпа обвиняла их в том, что они напились молодого вина. 77 Он охотно признавал Иисуса Мессией; 78 однако, подвергнув впоследствии свою жизнь опасности ранением слуги первосвященника, он внезапно позаботился о собственной безопасности, отрекся от того самого Учителя, за которого всего за несколько часов до этого объявил себя готовым умереть. 79 Мы можем с уверенностью утверждать, что анналы художественной литературы не знают примеров подобного, хотя и не столь редкого характера, обрисованного столь мимоходом.

§ 47. В повествованиях евангелистов есть и другие внутренние признаки истинности, которые, впрочем, здесь следует лишь упомянуть, поскольку они с исчерпывающей полнотой и силой были рассмотрены способными авторами, чьи труды всем хорошо знакомы. 80 Среди [pg 046] них можно отметить безыскусственность повествований; отсутствие у авторов какого-либо хвастовства собственной честностью, какой-либо тревоги по поводу того, чтобы им поверили, или желания произвести на других благоприятное впечатление о себе или своем деле, равно как и следов удивления или стремления вызвать изумление величием описываемых ими событий или признаков намерения возвысить своего Учителя. Напротив, с их стороны заметно совершеннейшее безразличие к тому, верят им или нет; или, скорее, явное осознание того, что они записывают события, хорошо известные всем в их собственной стране и в их время и несомненно заслуживающие доверия читателей во всех других странах и эпохах, подобно любому другому факту общественной истории. Также заслуживает особого внимания то обстоятельство, что, хотя евангелисты описывают беспримерные страдания и жестокую смерть своего возлюбленного Господа — к тому же от рук и при единогласном одобрении тех, кому он оказал величайшие благодеяния, — а также собственные гонения и опасности, они не удостаивают авторов всего этого злодеяния никакими резкими эпитетами или даже справедливыми упреками, а везде оставляют простое и неотягощенное повествование говорить за себя самих, предоставляя читателю вынести собственный обвинительный приговор. Подобно истинным свидетелям, которым нечего ни приобретать, ни терять от исхода дела, они излагают факты и предоставляют их их собственной участи. Не следует оставлять без внимания и их простодушие и безыскусственность, с какими они охотно сообщают даже о тех вещах, которые наиболее их компрометируют. Их недостаток веры в своего Учителя, их непонятливость в отношении его поучений, их споры о первенстве, их склонность призывать огонь с неба на своих врагов, их бегство от своего Господа в час предельной опасности — все это и многие другие инциденты, прямо ведущие к их собственному бесчестию, тем не менее изложены со всей прямотой и искренностью правды, как подобает людям, писавшим с глубочайшим чувством ответственности перед Богом. Некоторые из наиболее ярких примеров этого рода доказательств будут отмечены далее, на своем месте, непосредственно в самих повествованиях.

[pg 047] § 48. Наконец, великий образ, который они нарисовали, совершенен. Это образ Существа безгрешного; Того, Кто наделен высшей мудростью и высшим благом. В нем нет ни ошибок, ни дурных умыслов, ни опрометчивости, ни невежества, ни злых страстей, ни нетерпения; одним словом, нет никаких изъянов, но все являет собой совершенную правоту, невинность, мудрость, добродетель и истину. Человеческий разум никогда не постигал идеи столь совершенного характера даже для своих божеств; ни история, ни поэзия не запечатлели его. Учения и заповеди Иисуса находятся в строгом согласии со свойствами Бога, в соответствии с самыми возвышенными представлениями, которые мы способны составить о них либо на основе разума, либо через откровение. Они удивительным образом приспособлены к человеческому восприятию и в то же время преподаются с поистине божественной простотой и величием. Он говорил так, как не говорил ни один человек. Он говорил властно, и в то же время обращался к разуму и пониманию людей; и он говорил с мудростью, которой люди не могли ни возразить, ни противостоять. В своей частной жизни он являет образ не просто строгой справедливости, но преизобилующей благости. Он умерен в желаниях, чужд суровости; его кротость и смирение поразительны; его терпение непоколебимо; правда и искренность пронизывают все его поведение; каждая из его добродетелей управляется безупречной рассудительностью; он одновременно и снискивает любовь друзей, и вызывает изумление и восхищение у врагов 81 . Он предстает во всевозможных жизненных обстоятельствах: от вершины земного величия под восторженные возгласы толпы до глубочайшей бездны человеческого унижения и скорби, по-видимому, оставленный Богом и людьми. И тем не менее повсюду он остается неизменным, являя черты внеземного совершенства, соразмерного во всех пропорциях и окруженного сиянием, превосходящим человеческое. Либо галилеяне были людьми исключительной мудрости, обширных знаний и опыта, обладавшими более глубоким искусством обмана, чем кто-либо до них или после них, либо они правдиво изложили те удивительные события, которые видели и слышали.

Повествования евангелистов предлагаются читателю для прочтения и изучения на основе принципов и по правилам, изложенным ранее. С этой целью, а также для удобства более быстрого и пристального сопоставления, они сведены воедино [pg 048] в соответствии с общим порядком новейших и наиболее признанных гармоний. Вопрос состоит не в строгой правильности такого расположения, а в правдивости свидетелей и достоверности их рассказов. Писатель не касается сравнительных достоинств современных авторов гармоний и спорных вопросов между богословами. Его задача — выступить в роли юриста, который исследует показания свидетелей по правилам своей профессии, чтобы выяснить, заслуживали ли бы они доверия, если бы давали такие показания под присягой в суде общей юрисдикции, и были бы приняты их рассказы в том виде, в каком они дошли до нас, в качестве древних документов, происходящих из надлежащего источника. Если это так, то, как представляется, каждый честный и беспристрастный человек поступит сообразно такому результату, приняв их свидетельства во всем их объеме. Создание подробного комментария или пространных рассуждений к тексту стало бы бесполезным увеличением объема книги, однако для пояснения повествований и прояснения кажущихся несоответствий было добавлено несколько примечаний, как раз в том объеме, который может потребоваться юристам-профессионалам.

[pg 049]

Гармония Евангелий.

Часть I. События, связанные с рождением и детством Иисуса.

Время. Около тридцати с половиной лет.

[pg 050]

§ 1. Предисловие к Евангелию от Луки.

Luke.CH. I. 1-4.Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us,2 Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were eye-witnesses, and ministers of the word;3 It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus,4 That thou mightest know the certainty of those things wherein thou hast been instructed.

§ 2. Явление ангела Захарии. Иерусалим.

Luke.CH. I. 5-25.5 There was in the days of Herod the king of Judea, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the course of Abia: and his wife was of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth.6 And they were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless.7 and they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren; and they both were now well stricken in years.8 And it came to pass, that, while he executed the priest's office before God in the order of his course,9 According to the custom of the priest's office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the Lord.10 And the whole multitude of the people were praying without, at the time of incense.11 And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord, standing on the right side of the altar of incense.12 And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.13 But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.14 And thou shalt have joy and gladness, and many shall rejoice at his birth.15 For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb.16 And many of the children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord their God.17 And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias,82 to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.18 And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years.19 And the angel, answering, said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God, and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings.20 And behold, thou shalt be dumb, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because thou believest not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season.21 And the people waited for Zacharias, and marvelled that he tarried so long in the temple.22 And when he came out, he could not speak unto them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple; for he beckoned unto them, and remained speechless.23 And it came to pass, that as soon as the days of his ministration were accomplished, he departed to his own house.24 And after those days his wife Elisabeth conceived, and hid herself five months, saying,25 Thus hath the Lord dealt with me in the days wherein he looked on me, to take away my reproach among men.

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§ 3. Явление ангела Марии. Назарет.

Luke.CH. I. 26-38.26 And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,27 To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin's name was Mary.28 And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among women.29 And when she saw him, she was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this should be.30 And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God.31 And behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS.32 He shall be great, and shall be called the son of the Highest; and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David.33 And83 he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.34 Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God.36 And behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age; and this is the sixth month with her who was called barren:37 For with God nothing shall be impossible.38 And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord, be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.

§ 4. Посещение Марией Елисаветы. Ютта.

Luke.CH. I. 39-56.39 And Mary arose in those days, and went into the hill-country with haste, into a city of Juda,40 And entered into the house of Zacharias, and saluted Elisabeth.41 And it came to pass, that when Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb: and Elisabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost.42 And she spake out with a loud voice and said, Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb.43 And whence is this to me, that the mother of my lord should come to me?44 For lo, as soon as the voice of thy salutation sounded in mine ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy.45 And blessed is she that believed: for there shall be a performance of those things which were told her from the Lord.46 And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the Lord,47 And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.48 For he hath regarded the low estate of his handmaiden: for behold, from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed.49 For he that is mighty hath done to me great things; and holy is his name.50 And his mercy is on them that fear him, from generation to generation.51 He hath shewed strength with his arm; he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.52 He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of low degree.53 He hath filled the hungry with good things, and the rich he hath sent empty away.54 He hath holpen his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy;55 As84 he spake to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed, for ever.56 And Mary abode with her about three months, and returned to her own house.

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§ 5. Рождение Иоанна Крестителя. Ютта.

Luke.CH. I. 57-80.57 Now Elisabeth's full time came that she should be delivered; and she brought forth a son.58 And her neighbours and her cousins heard how the Lord had shewed great mercy upon her; and they rejoiced with her.59 And it came to pass, that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child; and they called him Zacharias, after the name of his father.60 And his mother answered and said, not so; but he shall be called John.61 And they said unto her, There is none of thy kindred that is called by this name.62 And they made signs to his father, how he would have him called.63 And he asked for a writing-table, and wrote, saying, His name is John. And they marvelled all.64 And his mouth was opened immediately, and his tongue loosed, and he spake, and praised God.65 And fear came on all that dwelt round about them: and all these sayings were noised abroad throughout all the hill-country of Judea.66 And all they that heard them, laid them up in their hearts, saying, What manner of child shall this be! And the hand of the Lord was with him.67 And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying,68 Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; for he hath visited and redeemed his people,69 And hath raised up a horn of salvation for us, in the house of his servant David:70 As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began:71 That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us;72 To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant;73 The oath which he sware to our Father Abraham,8574 That he would grant unto us, that we, being delivered out of the hand of our enemies, might serve him without fear,75 In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.76 And thou, child, shalt be called the Prophet of the Highest, for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways;77 To give knowledge of salvation unto his people, by the remission of their sins,78 Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the day-spring from on high hath visited us,79 To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.80 And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.

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§ 6. Явление ангела Иосифу. Назарет.

Matthew.CH. I. 18-25.18 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the holy Ghost.19 Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, and not willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her away privily.8620 But while he thought on these things, Behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife; for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost.21 And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins.22 Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying,23 Behold,87 a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.24 Then Joseph, being raised from sleep, did as the angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took unto him his wife:25 And knew her not till she had brought forth her first-born son: and he called his name JESUS.

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§ 7. Рождение Иисуса. Вифлеем.

Luke.CH. II. 1-7.And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree88 from Cesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed.2 (And this taxing was first made when Cyrenius was governor of Syria.)3 And all went to be taxed, every one into his own city.4 And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, unto the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, (because he was of the house and lineage of David,)5 To be taxed with Mary his espoused wife, being great with child.6 And so it was, that while they were there, the days were accomplished that she should be delivered.7 And she brought forth her first-born son, and wrapped him in swaddling-clothes, and laid him in a manger; because there was no room for them in the inn.

§ 8. Явление ангела пастухам. Около Вифлеема.

Luke.CH. II. 8-20.8 And there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night.9 And lo, the angel of the Lord came upon them, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them; and they were sore afraid.10 And the angel said unto them, Fear not: for behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people.11 For unto you is born this day, in the city of David, a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.12 And this shall be a sign unto you; Ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling-clothes, lying in a manger.13 And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying,14 Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men.15 And it came to pass, as the angels were gone away from them into heaven, the shepherds said one to another, Let us now go even unto Bethlehem, and see this thing which is come to pass, which the Lord hath made known unto us.16 And they came with haste, and found Mary and Joseph, and the babe lying in a manger.17 And when they had seen it, they made known abroad the saying which was told them concerning this child.18 And all they that heard it, wondered at those things which were told them by the shepherds.19 But Mary kept all these things, and pondered them in her heart.20 And the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen, as it was told unto them.

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§ 9. Обрезание Иисуса и сретение его в храме. Вифлеем. Иерусалим.

Luke.CH. II. 21-38.21 And when eight days were accomplished for the circumcising of the child,89 his name was called JESUS, which was so named of the angel before he was conceived in the womb.22 And when the days of her purification according to the law of Moses were accomplished, they brought him to Jerusalem, to present him to the Lord;23 (As it is written in the law of the Lord,90 Every male that openeth the womb shall be called holy to the Lord;)24 And to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law of the Lord,91 A pair of turtle-doves, or two young pigeons.25 And behold, there was a man in Jerusalem, whose name was Simeon; and the same man was just and devout, waiting for the consolation of Israel: and the Holy Ghost was upon him.26 And it was revealed unto him by the Holy Ghost, that he should not see death, before he had seen the Lord's Christ.27 And he came by the Spirit into the temple; and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for him after the custom of the law,28 Then took he him up in his arms, and blessed God, and said,29 Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word:30 For mine eyes have seen thy salvation,31 Which thou hast prepared before the face of all people;32 A light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory of thy people Israel.33 And Joseph and his mother marvelled at those things which were spoken of him.34 And Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, Behold, this child is92 set for the fall and rising again of many in Israel; and for a sign which shall be spoken against,35 (Yea, a sword shall pierce through thy own soul also;) that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.36 And there was one Anna, a prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Aser: she was of a great age, and had lived with a husband seven years from her virginity.37 And she was a widow of about fourscore and four years, which departed not from the temple, but served God with fastings and prayers night and day.38 And she coming in that instant, gave thanks likewise unto the Lord, and spake of him to all them that looked for redemption in Jerusalem.

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§ 10. Волхвы. Иерусалим. Вифлеем.

Matthew.CH. II. 1-12.Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the East to Jerusalem,2 Saying, Where is he that is born king of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him.3 When Herod the king had heard these things, he was troubled,93 and all Jerusalem with him.4 And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he demanded of them where Christ should be born.5 And they said unto him, in Bethlehem of Judea: for thus it is written by the prophet,6 And94 thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not the least among the princes of Juda: for out of thee shall come a Governor, that shall rule my people Israel.7 Then Herod, when he had privily called the wise men, inquired of them diligently what time the star appeared.8 And he sent them to Bethlehem, and said Go, and search diligently for the young child; and when ye have found him, bring me word again, that I may come and worship him also.9 When they had heard the king, they departed; and lo, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was.10 When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceeding great joy.11 And when they were come into the house, they saw the young child with Mary his mother, and fell down, and worshipped him: and when they had opened their treasures, they presented unto him gifts; gold, and frankincense, and myrrh.12 And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their own country another way.

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§ 11. Бегство в Египет. Жестокость Ирода. Возвращение. Вифлеем. Назарет.

Matthew.CH. II. 13-23.13 And when they were departed, behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word: for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him.14 When he arose, he took the young child and his mother by night, and departed into Egypt:15 And was there until the death of Herod: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying,95 Out of Egypt have I called my Son.16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently inquired of the wise men.17 Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying,18 In96 Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not.19 But, when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt,20 Saying, Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel: for they are dead which sought the young child's life.21 And he arose, and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel.22 But when he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea in the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither:97 notwithstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turned aside into the parts of Galilee:23 And he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets, He shall be called a Nazarene.98

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§ 12. В возрасте двенадцати лет Иисус отправляется на праздник Пасхи. Иерусалим.

Luke.CH. II. 41-52.41 Now his parents went to Jerusalem every year at the feast of the passover.42 And when he was twelve years old99, they went up to Jerusalem after the custom of the feast.43 And when they had fulfilled the days, as they returned, the child Jesus tarried behind in Jerusalem; and Joseph and his mother knew not of it.44 But they, supposing him to have been in the company,100 went a day's journey; and they sought him among their kinsfolk and acquaintance.45 And when they found him not, they turned back again to Jerusalem, seeking him.46 And it came to pass, that after three days they found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, both hearing them, and asking them questions.47 And all that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers.48 And when they saw him, they were amazed: and his mother said unto him, Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? Behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing.49 And he said unto them, How is it that ye sought me? wist ye not that I must be about my Father's business?50 And they understood not the saying which he spake unto them.51 And he went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and was subject unto them: but his mother kept all these sayings in her heart.52 And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man.

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§ 13. Родословия.

Matthew.CH. I. 1-17.The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.2 Abraham begat Isaac; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat Judas and his brethren;3 And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;4 And Aram begat Aminadab; and Aminadab begat Naasson; and Naasson begat Salmon;5 And Salmon begat Booz of Rachab; and Booz begat Obed of Ruth; and Obed begat Jesse;6 And Jesse begat David the king; and David the king begat Solomon of her that had been the wife of Urias;7 And Solomon begat Roboam; and Roboam begat Abia; and Abia begat Asa;8 And Asa begat Josaphat; and Josaphat begat Joram; and Joram begat Ozias;9 And Ozias begat Joatham; and Joatham begat Achaz; and Achaz begat Ezekias;10 And Ezekias begat Manasses; and Manasses begat Amon; and Amon begat Josias;11 And Josias begat Jechonias and his brethren, about the time they were carried away to Babylon;12 And after they were brought to Babylon, Jechonias begat Salathiel; and Salathiel begat Zorobabel;13 And Zorobabel begat Abiud; and Abiud begat Eliakim; and Eliakim begat Azor;14 And Azor begat Sadoc; and Sadoc begat Achim; and Achim begat Eliud;15 And Eliud begat Eleazar; and Eleazar begat Matthan; and Matthan begat Jacob;16 And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.17 So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David until the carrying away into Babylon are fourteen generations; and from the carrying away into Babylon unto Christ are fourteen generations. Luke.CH. III. 23-38, INVERTED.10138 The son of God, the son of Adam, the son of Seth, the son of Enos,37 The son of Cainan, the son of Maleleel, the son of Jared, the son of Enoch, the son of Mathusala,36 The son of Lamech, the son of Noe, the son of Sem, the son of Arphaxad, the son of Cainan,35 The son of Sala, the son of Heber, the son of Phalec, the son of Ragau, the son of Saruch,34 The son of Nachor, the son of Thara, the son of Abraham, the son of Isaac, the son of Jacob,33 The son of Juda, the son of Phares, the son of Esrom, the son of Aram, the son of Aminadab,32 The son of Naasson, the son of Salmon, the son of Booz, the son of Obed, the son of Jesse,31 The son of David, the son of Nathan, the son of Mattatha, the son of Menan, the son of Melea,30 The son of Eliakim, the son of Jonan, the son of Joseph, the son of Juda, the son of Simeon,29 The son of Levi, the son of Matthat, the son of Joram, the son of Eliezer, the son of Jose,28 The son of Er, the son of Elmodam, the son of Cosam, the son of Addi, the son of Melchi,27 The son of Neri, the son of Salathiel, the son of Zorobabel, the son of Rhesa, the son of Joanna,26 The son of Juda, the son of Joseph, the son of Semei, the son of Mattathias, the son of Maath,25 The son of Nagge, the son of Esli, the son of Naum, the son of Amos, the son of Mattathias,24 The son of Joseph, the son of Janna, the son of Melchi, the son of Levi, the son of Matthat,23 The son of Heli, the son of Joseph,—And Jesus himself ... being (as was supposed)—

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Часть II. Возвещение и начало общественного служения нашего Господа.

Время. Около одного года.

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§ 14. Служение Иоанна Крестителя. Пустыня. Иордан.

Matthew.Mark.CH. III. 1-12.CH. I. 1-8.In those days came John the Baptist, preaching in the wilderness of Judea,The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ the Son of God:2 And saying, Repent ye; for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.As it is written in the prophets,102 Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee;3 For this is he that was spoken of by the prophet Esaias, saying, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.3 The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.4 And the same John had his raiment of camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about his loins; and his meat was locusts and wild honey.4 John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptism of repentance, for the remission of sins.5 Then went out to him Jerusalem, and all Judea, and all the region round about Jordan.5 And there went out unto him all the land of Judea, and they of Jerusalem, and were all baptized of him in the river of Jordan, confessing their sins.6 And were baptized of him in Jordan, confessing their sins.6 And John was clothed with camel's hair, and with a girdle of a skin about his loins; and he did eat locusts and wild honey;7 But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees come to his baptism, he said unto them, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?7 And preached, saying, There cometh one mightier than I after me, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to stoop down and unloose.8 Bring forth therefore fruits meet for repentance:8 I indeed have baptized you with water: but he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost.9 And think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father: for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham.10 And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: therefore every tree which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.11 I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire:12 Whose fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly purge his floor, and gather his wheat into the garner; but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire. Luke.CH. III. 1-18.Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Cesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Iturea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene.2 Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests,103 the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.3 And he came into all the country about Jordan, preaching the baptism of repentance, for the remission of sins;4 As it is written in the book of the words of Esaias the prophet, saying,104 The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.5 Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall be brought low; and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough ways shall be made smooth;6 And all flesh shall see the salvation of God.7 Then said he to the multitude that came forth to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?8 Bring forth therefore fruits worthy of repentance, and begin not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father: for I say unto you, That God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham.9 And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: every tree therefore which bringeth not forth good fruit, is hewn down, and cast into the fire.10 And the people asked him, saying, What shall we do then?11 He answereth and saith unto them, He that hath two coats, let him impart to him that hath none; and he that hath meat, let him do likewise.12 Then came also publicans to be baptized, and said unto him, Master, what shall we do?13 And he said unto them, Exact no more than that which is appointed you.14 And the soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And what shall we do? And he said unto them, Do violence to no man, neither accuse any falsely; and be content with your wages.15 And as the people were in expectation, and all men mused in their hearts of John, whether he were the Christ, or not;16 John answered, saying unto them all, I indeed baptize you with water; but one mightier than I cometh, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to unloose: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire:17 Whose fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly purge his floor, and will gather the wheat into his garner; but the chaff he will burn with fire unquenchable.18 And many other things in his exhortation preached he unto the people.

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§ 15. Крещение Иисуса. Иордан.

Matthew.Mark.CH. III. 13-17.CH. I. 9-11.13 Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, to be baptized of him.9 And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan.14 But John forbade him, saying, I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me?10 And straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon him.15 And Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer it to be so now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffered him.11 And there came a voice from heaven saying, Thou art my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.16 And Jesus, when he was baptized, when up straightway out of the water: and lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him:17 And lo, a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Luke.CH. III. 21-23.21 Now, when all the people were baptized, it came to pass, that Jesus also being baptized, and praying, the heaven was opened,22 And the Holy Ghost descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him, and a voice came from heaven, which said, Thou art my beloved Son; in thee I am well pleased.23 And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age.

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§ 16. Искушение. Иудейская пустыня.

Matthew.Mark.CH. IV. 1-11.CH. I. 12-13.Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil.12 And immediately the Spirit driveth him into the wilderness.2 And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward an hungered.13 And he was there in the wilderness forty days tempted of Satan; and was with the wild beasts; and the angels ministered unto him.3 And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread.4 But he answered and said, It is written105 Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.5 Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple,6 And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God cast thyself down, for it is written106 He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.7 Jesus said unto him, It is written again,107 Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.8 Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them:9 And saith unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me.10 Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written,108 Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.11 Then the devil leaveth him, and behold, angels came and ministered unto him. Luke.CH. IV. 1-13.109And Jesus, being full of the Holy Ghost, returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,2 Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.3 And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, command this stone that it be made bread.4 And Jesus answered him, saying, It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.9 And he brought him to Jerusalem, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down from hence:10 For it is written, He shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee:11 And in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.12 And Jesus answering, said unto him, It is said, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.5 And the devil, taking him up into a high mountain, shewed unto him, all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time.6 And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me, and to whomsoever I will, I give it.7 If thou therefore wilt worship me, all shall be thine.8 And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.13 And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.

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§ 17. Предисловие к Евангелию от Иоанна.

John.CH. I. 1-18.In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.2 The same was in the beginning with God.3 All things were made by him; and without him was not anything made that was made.4 In him was life; and the life was the light of men.5 And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.6 There was a man sent from God, whose name was John.7 The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe.8 He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that light.9 That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.10 He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.11 He came unto his own, and his own received him not.12 But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name:13 Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.14 And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.15 John bare witness of him, and cried, saying, This was he of whom I spake, He that cometh after me, is preferred before me; for he was before me.16 And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace.17 For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.18 No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.

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§ 18. Свидетельство Иоанна Крестителя об Иисусе. Вифания за Иорданом.

John.CH. I. 19-34.19 And this is the record of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem, to ask him, Who art thou?20 And he confessed, and denied not; but confessed, I am not the Christ.21 And they asked him, What then? Art thou Elias? And he saith, I am not. Art thou that prophet? And he answered, No.11022 Then said they unto him, Who art thou? that we may give an answer to them that sent us. What sayest thou of thyself?23 He said,111 I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness, Make straight the way of the Lord, as said the prophet Esaias.24 And they which were sent were of the Pharisees.25 And they asked him, and said unto him, Why baptizest thou then, if thou be not that Christ, nor Elias, neither that prophet?26 John answered them, saying, I baptize with water: but there standeth one among you, whom ye know not.27 He it is, who coming after me, is preferred before me, whose shoe's latchet I am not worthy to unloose.28 These things were done in Bethabara beyond Jordan, where John was baptizing.29 The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world!30 This is he of whom I said, After me cometh a man which is preferred before me; for he was before me.31 And I knew him not: but that he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water.32 And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.33 And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost.34 And I saw and bare record, that this is the Son of God.

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§ 19. Иисус приобретает учеников. Иордан. Галилея.

John.CH. I. 35-51.35 Again the next day after, John stood, and two of his disciples;36 And looking upon Jesus as he walked, he saith, Behold the Lamb of God!37 And the two disciples heard him speak, and they followed Jesus.38 Then Jesus turned, and saw them following, and saith unto them, What seek ye? They said unto him, Rabbi, (which is to say, being interpreted, Master,) where dwellest thou?39 He saith unto them, Come and see. They came and saw where he dwelt, and abode with him that day: for it was about the tenth hour.40 One of the two which heard John speak, and followed him, was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother.41 He first findeth his own brother Simon, and saith unto him, We have found the Messias; which is, being interpreted, the Christ.42 And he brought him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas; which is, by interpretation, a stone.11243 The day following Jesus would go forth into Galilee, and findeth Philip, and saith unto him, Follow me.44 Now Philip was of Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter.45 Philip findeth Nathanael,113 and saith unto him, We have found him of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did write, Jesus of Nazareth the son of Joseph.46 And Nathanael said unto him, Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth? Philip saith unto him, Come and see.47 Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile!48 Nathanael saith unto him, Whence knowest thou me? Jesus answered and said unto him, Before that Philip called thee, when thou wast under the fig-tree, I saw thee.49 Nathanael answered and saith unto him, Rabbi, thou art the Son of God; thou art the King of Israel.50 Jesus answered and said unto him, Because I said unto thee, I saw thee under the fig-tree, believest thou? thou shalt see greater things than these.51 And he saith unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending upon the114 Son of man.

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§ 20. Брак в Кане Галилейской.

John.CH. II. 1-12.And the third day there was a marriage in Cana of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there.2 And both Jesus was called, and his disciples, to the marriage.3 And when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto him, They have no wine.4 Jesus saith unto her, Woman, what have I to do with thee? mine hour is not yet come.5 His mother saith unto the servants, Whatsoever he saith unto you, do it.6 And there were set there six water-pots of stone, after the manner of the purifying of the Jews, containing two or three firkins apiece.7 Jesus saith unto them, Fill the water-pots with water. And they filled them up to the brim.8 And he saith unto them, Draw out now, and bear unto the governor of the feast. And they bare it.9 When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine, and knew not whence it was, (but the servants which drew the water knew,) the governor of the feast called the bridegroom,10 And saith unto him, Every man at the beginning doth set forth good wine; and when men have well drunk, then that which is worse: but thou hast kept the good wine until now.11 This beginning of miracles did Jesus in Cana of Galilee, and manifested forth his glory; and his disciples believed on him.12 After this he went down to Capernaum, he, and his mother, and his brethren, and his disciples; and they continued there not many days.

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Часть III. Первая Пасха нашего Господа и последующие события до второй.

Время. Один год.

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§ 21. Во время Пасхи Иисус изгоняет торгующих из храма. Иерусалим.

John.CH. II. 13-25.13 And the Jews' passover was at hand, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.14 And found in the temple those that sold oxen, and sheep, and doves, and the changers of money, sitting:15 And when he had made a scourge of small cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables;16 And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence: make not my Father's house an house of merchandise.17 And his disciples remembered that it was written,115 The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up.18 Then answered the Jews, and said unto him, What sign shewest thou unto us, seeing that thou dost these things?19 Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.20 Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?21 But he spake of the temple of his body.22 When therefore he was risen from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this unto them: and they believed the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said.23 Now, when he was in Jerusalem at the passover, in the feast-day, many believed in his name, when they saw the miracles which he did.24 But Jesus did not commit himself unto them, because he knew all men.25 And needed not that any should testify of man: for he knew what was in man.

§ 22. Беседа нашего Господа с Никодимом. Иерусалим.

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