Charles falls into the snare and Henrietta carries most of the points of that disgraceful treaty, 99;
takes her maid-of-honour back to France to incite Charles’s desire to retain her in his Court, 100;
the Duchess thought more of augmenting the greatness of Charles than of benefiting England, 100;
her motives for undertaking all this shameful bargaining, 102;
on her return to Paris, a cabal in her household seeks to effect her destruction, 102;
the motives originating the plot, 103;
she is seized with a mortal illness at St. Cloud, 104;
the heartless indifference of all around her, save Madlle. de Montpensier, 105;
her dying declaration that she was poisoned, 105;
Bossuet consoles her in her last moments, 106;
the cause of her death falsely attributed to cholera-morbus, 106;
St. Simon’s statement of the poison being sent from Italy by the Chevalier de Lorraine, 107;
the intrigues which led to the murder present a scene of accumulated horrors and iniquity, 107;
the last political act of the Duchess calculated to secure the subjection of the English nation, 107.
Orleans, Philip II. (nephew of Louis XIV. and afterwards Regent), Duke d’, represents Louis XIV. in Spain, 254; distrusted by, but remains on the best footing with Mad. des Ursins, 254;
indulged the hope of being put in the place of Philip V., 255;
his suspicious negotiations with the Earl of Stanhope, 255;
Mad. des Ursins demands his recall and obtains it, 255;
denounced by Mad. des Ursins, and with difficulty escapes a scandalous trial, 256.
Orry, Jean Louville’s accusations against him, 177; Mad. des Ursins’ letter with friendly remembrances to d’Aubigny’s wife, 183;
recalled to France, 187;
reinstated by Mad. des Ursins, 190.
Palatine, Anne de Gonzagua, Princess, if the Fronde could have been saved, her advice would have saved it, 18; is associated with Mazarin’s triumph, 19;
her political importance dates from the imprisonment of the Princess, 54;
uses the feminine factionists as so many wires by which to move the men whom they governed, 54;
the opinions of De Retz and Mazarin upon her stability of purpose and capacity to work mischief, 54;
appointed superintendent of the young Queen’s household, 55;
retires from Court, and ends her days in seclusion, 56;
her conversion and penitence, 57;
Bossuet’s funeral oration, 57;
her account of her conversion addressed to the celebrated Abbé de Rancé, founder of La Trappe, 58;
a glance at the singular fortunes of the Duke de Guise, her first lover, 59.
Peterborough, Lord, tears Barcelona from Philip V., 197.
Philip V. (Duke d’ Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV.), King of Spain, grave questions raised by his accession, 151; his character, 154;
Mad. des Ursins governs him through the Queen, 154;
in disguise, meets his bride at Hostalnovo, 157;
his mental defects—rather constituted to serve than reign, 166;
his first entrance into Spain radiant with youth and hope, 166;
Europe forms a coalition to snatch the two peninsulas from the domination of France, 167;
compels the recall of Cardinal d’Estrées, 174;
takes command of the army on the frontiers of Portugal, 179;
baffled at Barcelona, and takes, in mortal agony, the road to France, 198;
re-enters Madrid as a liberator, 252;
is thoroughly defeated by the Austrians at Saragossa, 257;
Louis XIV. advises him to abandon Spain in order to keep Italy, 257;
his noble letter in reply, 259;
his dismissal in mass of his French household, 260;
after the victory of Villaviciosa, sleeps on a couch of standards, 262;
in behalf of Mad. des. Ursins, refuses to sign the treaty of Utrecht, 281;
he signs the treaty unconditionally, 284;
his choice of a wife limited to three princesses by Louis XIV., 287;
secretly lends his hand to a coup d’état against Mad. des Ursins, 291;
gives authority to his new consort to take everything upon herself, 294;
succeeds in reducing Spain to obedience only a few days before the fall of Mad. des Ursins, 303.
Porto-Carrero, Cardinal, exercises a powerful influence on Innocent XI. and Charles II. of Spain, 141; is won over by Mad. des Ursins to favour the pretensions of the Duke d’Anjou, 142;
champion of the ultra-French political system, 169;
abruptly changes his policy, 172;
becomes a formidable adversary of the Princess des Ursins, 172;
refuses to act with Cardinal d’Estrées and resigns, 172;
the turncoat from every cause, and as a politician is annihilated, 173;
his intractable and arrogant temper, 173;
his cabal rakes into the private life of the camerara-mayor without success, 173;
he quits Madrid with all the French household, 174.
Portsmouth, Louise Penhouet Quérouaille, Duchess of, the political errors of Charles II. primarily traced to her, 93; more than any other of his mistresses odious to the English, 93;
the acme of splendour and corruption reached by the French court in 1670, 93;
the household of his sister-in-law, Henrietta of England, supplies Louis XIV. with a diplomatist in petticoats, 93;
the royal family used her as an instrument without caring about her origin, 94;
what Mad. de Sevigné says of her antecedents, 94;
revelations of the Histoire Secrète, 94;
the Duke de Beaufort enamoured of her, 95;
carries her off to Candia disguised as a page, 95;
on his being cut to pieces, she returns to France, 96;
this prank of hers proves the foundation of her fortunes, 96;
Henrietta of England, interested in her romantic tale, admits her as one of her maids-of-honour, 96;
Louis XIV. finds her an apt and willing instrument in the secret negotiation, 98;
предлог поездки во Фландрию, к которому прибег Людовик XIV, чтобы представить Ла Керуаль Карлу II, 98; she embarks with the Duchess at Dunkirk for Dover, where she captivates the king, 99;
Louise returns to France with the Duchess of Orleans, 100;
the key to the will of Charles II. found in Louise, 100;
Louis XIV. promises of handsomely rewarding the compliant maid-of-honour, 102;
the Duke of Buckingham seeks to turn her to his own advantage as a rival to the Duchess of Cleveland, 108;
an invitation formally worded sent her from the English Court, 109;
is left in the lurch at Dieppe by Buckingham, 109;
Lord Montague has her conveyed to England in a yacht, 109;
she is appointed maid-of-honour to the queen, 109;
the intoxication of Charles at “les graces décentes” of Louise, 109;
the purpose of her receiving an appointment at the Court of St. James’s foretold by Madame de Sevigné, 109;
St. Evremond’s equivocal advice, 110;
created Duchess of Portsmouth, 110;
the domain of d’Aubigny conferred upon her by Louis XIV., 111;
Charles Lennox, her son by Charles II., created Duke of Richmond, 111;
put out of countenance by Nell Gwynne, 112;
in conjunction with Barillon obtains an order which suddenly changed the face of Europe, 113;
her triumphant sway in political matters, 113:
благородно жертвует своей политической ролью в вопросе о «биллях об исключении», 114; her correspondence with Madame de Maintenon, 115;
Louis XIV. confers upon her the title of Duchess d’Aubigny, 115;
her creditable behaviour during the fatal seizure of Charles II., 115;
magnificence of her apartments, 116;
Barillon finds her in an agony of grief, 116;
the message of the mistress to the dying king’s brother, 117;
her political attitude during the last months of Charles’s life, 119;
she returns to France with a large treasure of money and jewels, 120;
is the object of a rigid surveillance, 120;
Louvois, Courtin, and the lettre de cachet, 120;
passes in profound obscurity the remainder of her life, 121;
so reduced as to solicit a pension, 121;
the power she possessed over the mind of Charles II., 122;
her beauty not comparable to that of Madame de Montespan, 123.
Rancé, Armand, Jean Le Bouthillier (the reformer of La Trappe), the lover who regretted Madame de Montbazon the most sincerely, 6; the sight of her sudden death determines him to withdraw from the world, 67;
the skull of the Duchess said to have been found in his cell at La Trappe, 67.
Retz, Cardinal de, chills the Duke d’Orleans into inaction during the struggle of Condé with Turenne, 10; imprisoned at Vincennes, 15;
obtains the red hat from Louis XIV., 26;
entering upon his old intrigues, he is arrested and imprisoned, 26.
Rochefoucauld, Francis, Duke de la, blinded by a ball through his face in the fight at the Faubourg St. Antoine, 9; retires to his estates, and for a few years buries himself in obscurity, 27;
is again received into favour, and obtains a thumping pension, 28.
Saint-Simon, Duke de, his explanation of the ascendency of Madame des Ursins, 168; his elaborate portrait of the Princess, 304.
Savoy, Marie Louise of (daughter of Amadeus II., first wife of Philip V. of Spain), quits Italy with Madame des Ursins for Spain, 153; description of her at fourteen, 153;
the camerara-mayor becomes indispensable to her, 154;
incidents of the journey to Spain, 156;
her first interview with Philip, who is disguised as a king’s messenger, 158;
the marriage at Figuieras, 158;
untoward incident of the supper there, 159;
Spanish versus French cookery, 159;
her indignation at the conduct of the Spanish ladies, 159;
attributes the audacity and rudeness of the Spanish dames to the King, 159;
ends by making the amende to Philip V., 169;
the arrival at Madrid, 160;
the Queen governs Philip V., and Madame des Ursins governs the Queen, 168;
her education and mental characteristics, 168;
a happy conformity of tastes, views, and dispositions attaches the Queen to Madame des Ursins, 169;
maintains the royal authority by the spell of her gentle and steady virtues, 198;
her destitution at Burgos, 199;
forsaken by her Court, seeks an asylum in old Castile, 200;
in childbirth, appeals touchingly to the attachment and courage of Madame des Ursins, 257;
dies suddenly at the age of twenty-six, 267.
Spain, two political systems confront each other at Madrid, 169; both reduced to impotence by Madame des Ursins, 169;
Gibraltar torn away for ever from Spain by a handful of British seamen, 187;
defenceless state of the country, 187;
necessary to have almost an army in each province, 199;
the last remnant of the army surrenders without fighting, 199;
the aim of the Great Alliance, 205;
solves by her own efforts the great question which had kept Europe so long in arms, 262;
called upon alone to pay the costs of the pacification (Treaty of Utrecht), 267.
Swift, Dean, covers the Duchess of Marlborough with ridicule and obloquy, 234; represents her in print as a pickpocket, 243.
Tessé, Marshal de, commands in Spain, 191; a cunning courtier but mediocre general, 197.
Torcy, Marquis de (Prime Minister of Louis XIV.), favours the candidature of Madame des Ursins, 145; his confidence in her, 152;
a copy of Madame des Ursins’ annotated letter sent him, 179.
Tories, the, ousted by the Whigs, 218; their dismissal demanded by the Queen’s favourite, 219;
with Harley and Bolingbroke at their head they work in the dark to regain power, 219;
set up Mrs. Masham to oppose and undermine the influence of the favourite, 224;
they foster the Queen’s grief at the bloodshed in the Low Countries, 235;
dwell upon the odious tyranny of the Duchess of Marlborough, and promise to deliver Anne from it, 236;
the Whigs replaced by Bolingbroke, Harley, Earl of Jersey, and the Dukes of Ormonde and Shrewsbury, 242.
Turenne, Marshal de, his error in attacking Condé without his entire force, 7; rivals Condé in boldness and obstinacy, 8;
his frigid, reflective, and profoundly dissembling character, 22;
carefully conciliated and caressed by Mazarin, 24;
made Governor of Auvergne, and the Viscounty of Turenne erected into a principality, 24;
his wager on the subject of Churchill’s gallantry, 211.
Ursins (Orsini), Marie Anne de la Tremouille-Noirmoutier, Princess de, untoward result of the dramatic vicissitudes of a life devoted to the pursuit of political power, 131; married to the Prince de Chalais, 132;
joins her husband in Spain, whither he had fled from the consequences of a duel, 133;
first meeting with Madame Scarron, 133;
left a childless widow on her arrival in Rome, 133;
the attention of Louis XIV. directed to her wit and capacity, 134;
she marries, with a political purpose, the Duke de Bracciano, 134;
her mode of life and career at Rome, 134;
character of the Duke, 135;
untoward misunderstandings arise through her extravagances, 136;
the passion for politics and power obtains mastery over her mind, 137;
the Orsini in some sort a sacerdotal family, 137;
dogmatic questions prove a stumbling block to conjugal harmony, 138;
forms a close intimacy with the Maréchale de Noailles, 138;
her varied resources appreciated by the minister Torcy, 138;
presented to Madame de Maintenon on visiting Versailles, 138;
reconciled to her husband, the Duke, on his death-bed, 139;
is highly esteemed by the cabinet of Versailles, 140;
wins over Innocent XI. to favour the pretensions of the Duke d’Anjou, 141;
she aspires to govern Spain, 142;
manœuvres to secure the post of camerara-mayor, 142;
the art and caution with which she negotiates with the Maréchale de Noailles, 143;
the astute programme traced by her for de Torcy, 145;
naïve expression of delight at her success, 146;
sets forth regally equipped to conduct the Princess of Savoy to her husband, 148;
enters upon her militant career at an advanced age, 148;
entirely possessed by her painstaking ambition, 149;
enters upon her new mission with zeal, ardour, and activity, more than virile, 149;
truly devoted to Spain, without failing in her devotion to France, 152;
wages a determined war against the Inquisition, 152;
seeks to establish her power by masking it, 152;
first meets Maria Louise, of Savoy, at Villefranche, 153;
makes herself acceptable to the young Queen, 153;
her wrath and stupefaction at the French dishes being upset, 159;
installed definitively as camerara-mayor at Madrid, 160;
обременительные и несообразные обязанности поста, 162;
her policy of keeping to herself sole access to the King and Queen, 163;
sacrifices her dignity to her power and influence, 163;
by familiarising the Queen with politics, she penetrates every state secret, 164;
renders the Queen popular among the people of central Spain, 164;
her wise policy for the regeneration of Spain, 165;
reduces both the ultra-French and purely Spanish political systems to impotence, 169;
fathoms the intrigues and baffles the manœuvres of Melgar, 170;
Louville succumbs to her, 171;
Porto-Carrero tenders his resignation, 172;
Cardinal d’Estrées her tool without knowing it, 173;
клирикальная кабала «моет кости в ее личной жизни», 173;
the Queen defends her with earnest importunity, 174;
holds the Abbé d’Estrées in contempt, 176;
the intercepted letter and its marginal note, 176;
makes a false step in her statecraft, 176;
the blunder leads to a great imbroglio, 177;
всегда ли она использовала свое влияние на юную Королеву в чисто бескорыстных целях?, 177;
at the age of sixty still had lovers, 177;
her relations with d’Aubigny, her equerry, 178;
gallantry and l’entêtement de sa personne, St. Simon asserts to be her overwhelming weakness, 178;
she rashly resents the accusation of her marriage with d’Aubigny, 179;
nicely balances Louis XIV.’s power in his grandson’s Court, 180;
her egotistic and impatient ambition, 181;
the stately haughtiness of her submission to Louis XIV., 181;
her adroit flattery of Madame de Maintenon, 182;
quits Madrid as a state criminal for Italy, 184;
permitted to take up her abode at Toulouse, 184;
her artful letters and politic conduct, 185;
receives permission to appear at Versailles and justify herself, 186;
триумф ее возвращения внезапно превращает ее в «придворное божество», 188;
she affects to be in no hurry to return to Spain, 189;
procures the admission of d’Aubigny into the cabinets of Louis XIV. and Madame de Maintenon, 190;
authorised to form her ministry, 191;
her return to Spain prepared by the arrest of Leganez, 191;
she triumphs at Versailles, 192;
her lively appreciation of Louis XIV.’s mental qualities, 192;
the question of the prospect of her replacing Madame de Maintenon, 193;
Louis XIV. seduced both by her grace and talent, 193;
turns all things to her advantage through her lucid common sense, 194;
returns to Spain strengthened by disgrace, 194;
determines to break up the cabal of the grandees, 195;
foils the underhanded opposition of the high aristocracy, 196;
triumphs on the very brink of a volcano, 197;
nothing more honourable to her memory than her letters at this period of disaster, 200;
by speeches, letters, and overtures, she consolidates the King’s authority in Old Castile, 200;
one of the most vigorous instruments ever made use of by Providence, 201;
she flatters Madame de Maintenon about St. Cyr, 201;
страдая от ревматизма и болезненного расстройства зрения, выступает в качестве генерал-фельдмаршала Королевы, 202;
her courage allied with good temper, amiability and beau sang, 203;
her wretched quarters at Burgos, 203;
her temperament contrasted with that of Madame de Maintenon, 204;
her delicate and perilous position, 253;
overcomes Montellano and the friends of the old system, 253;
distrusts the Duke of Orleans, but remains on the best footing with him, 255;
opposes his policy, demands his recall and obtains it, 255;
has to choose between the French policy of Louis XIV. and the Spanish policy of Philip V., 257;
the young Queen appeals touchingly to her attachment and courage, 257;
resolves to remain upon the theatre of events, 258;
throws herself headlong into the mêlée, 258;
reproaches Madame de Maintenon for preferring the King’s case to his honour, 258;
inspires Philip V. with an energy truly worthy of the throne, 259;
places herself at the head of the national movement, 259;
flatters alike the democracy and the grandees by throwing Philip into the arms of the Spaniards, 260;
in deference to popular sensibilities she sacrifices Amelot and Orry, 261;
implores that Vendôme might be sent to command the Spanish forces, 261;
the victory of Villaviciosa definitely seats the Bourbons on the throne of Spain, 262;
sees her steadfast policy crowned by accomplished facts, 262;
receives the title of Highness, 262;
her share in the treaty of Utrecht, 264;
her perseverance unexampled both in idea and conduct, 264;