Тем не менее союзники знали, что не смогут создать «нейтральный» Константинополь, и до большевистского режима намеревались преподнести этот приз России. «Комитетное» правление Франции, Италии и Англии означало бы британское владычество; а наши промахи были слишком очевидны.
Другого выбора не оставалось. Константинополь пришлось вернуть Турции. Хотя она и была побеждена в Великой войне, о чем теперь уже забыла, мы не смогли бы завоевать ее (в одиночку, как мы обнаружили бы это сегодня); а потому «она должна поступать по-своему». Попытки обуздать Новую Турцию с помощью «нейтральных зон» окажутся столь же бесполезными, как попытка остановить приливы и отливы. Лишь честный мир, тщательно продуманный в каждой детали и спланированный ради обеспечения постоянной безопасности, позволит нам вернуть наш престиж на Ближнем Востоке.
Пожалуй, величайшим уроком, который нам еще предстоит извлечь из победы Турции, являются строки Гете:
«Тот, кто хочет быть справедливым, должен внимательно относиться ко всем людям».
Или же, как гласят турецкие строки, процитированные профессором Брауном:
Kam máta gawm un wa ma mátat makárimee pum
Wa asha gawm un was hum fi ’n—nase amwátu!
Many a people’s virtues survive when themselves are sped,
And many a people linger, who are counted by man as dead!
Турция не умерла, но заново родилась из руин Великой цивилизации. Да воцарится вновь мир между Востоком и Западом, мир, который принесет исцеление миру, столь отчаянно нуждающемуся в том, чего он столь мало заслуживает!
Мои заключительные слова — это искренние поздравления Новой Турции, сердечная благодарность всем друзьям, чей непрекращающийся интерес украсил мой визит, и самые благочестивые надежды на мир.
В Лозанне Исмет-паша всегда провозглашал тост за «Британскую империю и короля Георга», а я отвечала тостом за «Турцию и Мустафу Кемаля-пашу»; затем мы соприкасались бокалами, соединяя эти имена. Пусть «предстоящие события отбрасывают свои тени заранее». Иншалла! и снова, Иншалла!
THE END
УКАЗАТЕЛЬ
Abdul Halik Bey, the Vali of Smyrna, 44 et seq.
Abdul Hamid, an exception, who reversed Turkish ideals, 91
his terrible régime, 160, 191
the ruthless, 210
clever at “losing” Turks and forgetting them, 227
безуспешные надежды на его «парламент», 229
his excellent cigarettes, 236
his Turks used to be ordered about, 304
reference to, 22-24, 54, 90, 118, 125, 156, 181, 182, 200, 207, 208, 249
Abdul Medjid, 153
Abiloff, M., Azerbaijan, Ambassador for Caucasians, 202
Ablutions, a religious rite, described, 83
Acropolis, at Athens, difficulties of its ascent, 40, 41
Adabazar, a Circassian tribe, 153
Adalia, school closed, 194
Adam, Mr. Adam, of British delegates, 307
Adana, 125, 198
Abdul Hak, Hamid, Turkish writer, for the people, 220
acknowledged leader of the “New” literature, reconstructs learning and creates the soul of Turkey, 221
Adnan Bey, Dr., Vice-President of the Assembly, 153, 186
Angora High Commissioner in Constantinople, husband of Halidé Hanoum, 206
Adrianople, the Siege of, 288
Æschylus, 41
Afghanistan, Ambassador, 202, 203
Afioum-Karahissar, where they finally leave train, 88, 102, 110
Aga Aglou Ahmed Bey, Director of Angora Press, repeats that “whatever we do is wrong,” 226,
admits the value of propaganda, 227, 228
views on the Press, 231
Agamemnon, on board the, 195
Ahmet Emine, brilliant journalist, 142
Aidin Railway, antiques found in laying the route, 62, 63
Alascheir, once prosperous, 76, 77
Albania, 294
Albanians, wiped out, 23
scheme to exclude, 169
Albert Hall, 38
Alcohol, its use and abuse, taught in schools, 216
Alewites, 153
Alfred and the cakes, 249
Algeciras, and its assembly of fallen angels, 178
Ali Fouad Pasha, general, President of “Rights of Roumelia and Anatolia,” largely the inspiration of the Assembly, 199
commanding in the North, 224
America and her churches as advertisers, 78
anecdotes of her journalistic enterprise, 97, 98
her two generations of Jews, 118
одобрен как «демократия», 148
should spread gospel of Rockefeller Institute against vermin and microbes, 264
American, author will not pretend to be, ix
“nerves” in the war, 26
author supposed to be American, but objects, 75, 76 et passim
поет песню «Суонни-Ривер», 53
the first at Smyrna, his advice, 67
the second at Smyrna, his advice, 67, 68
план перестройки Турции на американский манер [à la «States»], 85
неразумная пропаганда в пользу христиан, 175
Nonconformity and the Holy War, 239, 240
idle talk of a new “home” for Armenians, 247
their mischievous propaganda, 247
characteristic, of arrogant obstinacy, 262, 263
diplomacy not wanted in English Embassies, 291
Near East relief workers in Anatolia, 203
who are, unfortunately, too pro-Armenian, 203
American Relief Worker to the rescue, 256 et seq.
his marvellous efficiency as a traveller, 256-258, 259 et seq.
joins author on journey to Constantinople, 259
views on Greek barbarity, 259, 260
recognises “personal” element in all relations with Turks, 260
eager to know author’s view of American work in Turkey, 263-265
его идея служения через «понимание», 264
linguist and jack-of-all-trades, 267, 268
rudeness, a tactful cure for women’s nerves, 268
back-stair influence on the League, 315
Americans, do not know how to drink, 113
delightful, in spite of their Government, 114
done fine work in education, 203, 204
in Turkey, with the best intentions, interfere too much, 263-265
may have “concessions,” if they keep their hands off architecture, 269
Anafarta, 182
Anatolia, Greek atrocities in, 63
sense of isolation, 72
great hospitality, 72 et seq.
general condition of country, 74 et seq.
nowhere to house the poor people, 75
children and soldiers of, 75
people comforted by being seen, 77
wonderful recovery of trade, 101
a typical han (inn), 110
similarity of devastated towns, 125, 126
bazaars and curio-merchants reviving their trade, 126
the carriages and drivers of the country, 135
люди словно «сошли со страниц Библии», 135
excellent newspapers, 142, 144, 208
primitive machinery, 144
must be in at 5 o’clock sunset, 146
accepted heavy taxation, 152
song of her love for Roumelia, 153
carpets and rugs from, 167
the native music, 170
refugees of, 186
unfortunate influence of American relief workers against Turkey on behalf of Armenians, 203, 204
but they have done fine work in education, 203, 204
advantages of Anglo-French capital, 204
retains old customs largely abandoned in Constantinople, 205
true hospitality in a two-roomed cabin, 232, 233
character of the people, 234
everywhere maps of Asia Minor, 234
their folk-songs, 238, 258
cared for by Pope, 239
must not grumble in Anatolia, 256
need lessons in hygiene, 256-258
peasants declare they do not lack anything, 258
a “casual” driver, 259 et seq.
strange method of caravan-driving, where one donkey leads a troop of camels, 260, 261
colour of soil suggests rich veins of iron, 271, 272
peasants accept low prices when told that times are bad, 275
her folk-songs heard in Lausanne, 299, 300
when it first became Moslem, 308
being manœuvred into power of Helenes, 308
purchased by blood of peasants, 312
reference to, 46, 64, 112, 115, 125, 138, 166, 175, 180, 182, 199, 206, 212, 245, 284, 288, 311
См. «Ангора»
Andromache, 41
Anglican scheme for union with Greek Church, 239, 240
Angora, “the little Republic of the Mountains,” ix
discourtesy to ambassadors from, 27
no luxuries in, 32
unknown to British, 72
misunderstood in Angora, 125
at last near at hand, 127
first view of, 131
somehow disappointing, 132
atmosphere of brotherhood, 133, 134
описание города, 134–135
high rents, 139
everyone reads the papers, 157, 158
the real “New Turkey,” 139, 140
a primitive printing works, 144
квартал Хаджи-Байрам, 144
not many “sights,” except hospitals, schools and gardens, 145, 146
serious housing problem, 146
how we exaggerate here, 147
all men proud of their country, 148
will Angora or Constantinople be capital of the new State, 149
Holy Angora, 168
Treaty signed here with France, 177
its foreign personalities, 202 et seq.
Germans have no influence, 202
but are conciliating Turks in Germany, 202
surprising progress, especially in hospitals, 215, 216
бывший «директор ее печати», 218
нынешний «директор ее печати», 226
its famous Mosque of Hadgi Baïram, 223
carries one back to centuries before Christ, 226
где живут все эти люди? 226
dangers of the bad roads, 232
дом, который «трудно найти» — «возле помпы», 236
the Christian Colony, 245-247
representative in Rome, 250
admirable organisation of Justice by Djelaleddine Arif Bey, 251, 252
no tips, no haggling over prices, 286
a woman sent out to Angora by French Government, 291
has taken from Constantinople the heart and spirit of Turkey, 295, 296
naturally touching, 304
упоминания о, 30, 55, 58, 66–68, 88, 105, 108, 120, 121, 156, 160, 168, 178, 205–207, 228, 239, 242, 244, 273 и др. пасс.
Antigone, 41
Antoine, who staged some of Pierre Loti’s tales, anecdote of, 18
Arabia, words from the Turkish literature, 59, 219, 250
Arabs, scheme to exclude, 169, 222, 306
minority in Mosul, 311
Arden, Forest of, 124
Aristotle, 41
Armenian choir regret their old “good times” with Turks, 236-238
orphans and Father Babadjanian 246, 247
servants in harems, well treated and contented, 315
Armenians, “under Papal protection,” 52
attempt of girls to escape, 64, 65
in America, 78
hard to realise they are Christians, 134
in Cilicia, 153
shawls, 171
orphans, 211
turn to Russia, 221
feel “at home” in Turkey, 237
want to be left alone, 238
называют Турцию своим «домом», 247
have long filled their pockets out of the Turks, 275
at Lausanne, 299
reference to, 222, 238, 241
Armistice, 182
“Army of Occupation,” what it means, 30
Army of Nationalists, described, 224, 225
increased from 10,000 men to 400,000, with 250 big guns, etc., 224
detailed statistics and character of Staff, 225
Asia Minor, quite safe, 57
and Orthodox Church, 308
map to be seen everywhere in Anatolia, 234
reference to, 25, 139, 197, 204, 212, 244
Asiatics, not inferiors, 59
Asquith, Mr., and his son, 77
Astor, Lady, effect on other women, of her success in Parliament, 291
Athens, visited, 36 et seq.
its churches, 39, 124, 221
Athenæum, on blonde Turks, 228
Augustus, his “comfortable” period, 226
Austerlitz, 166
Australian mothers, their gratitude for “the truth” about Turkey, 208, 280
Aviation ground, reorganised, 101
women aviators, 102
Azerbaijan, ambassador, 202
Babadjanian, in charge of Armenian orphans, 246, 247
Bagdad, and her woman Professor, 125, 190
Balfour, Lord, unfortunate scorn of Turkey, 314
Balkan War, 24, 193, 210
Barrère, M., 299
Beaconsfield, Lord, 141
Bedford College open to Turkish women medical students, 211
Békir Sami Bey, Ambassador from Angora and the Soviets, 27
Benedict XV., Pope, beautiful bust of, 242
killed by strain of war, 244
Benghazi, 182
Berlin, 25, 111
Beyrout, 182, 211
Bieberstein, Marshall von, German diplomat at Constantinople, and his “human” retriever, 24
Bilidjik, station for “the express,” 88, 255, 259
Bismarck, 305
Bitlis, 182
“Black” Sultan, the, 227
Boghetti, who brought fruit, 232
Bolshevism, compared with Moslem, 90
has “no” influence in Turkey, 150, 151
in spite of their magnificent Embassy, 151
and their genuine friendship, 151
at Lausanne, 299
Bosphorus, 251
Boston lady, her insulting lies about life in harem, 315
Briand, M., attack on Lloyd George, 50
his famous Note, 107
his pleasant compliment, 116
British Museum, 63
naval officer at Smyrna, 67
propaganda, 116
Broussa, ancient capital of Turkey, fine hospital at, 215, 216
headmistress at College of, misses the “Christian” pupils, 217
and the comfort of its Hotel Brotte, 272
unexpected visit to, 273 et seq.
governor’s house burnt to cinders, 273
town had been saved by a brigand, 273
influx of Jews, 274
splendid bathing, 274
silk and tobacco factories, 274, 275
its bazaar, its Mosque, and the letter-writer, 276
true atmosphere of Islam, 276 et seq.
a minaret and the famous Green Mosque, 277-279
school-house and hospital, 282, 283
reference to, 163, 258, 259, 316
Browne, Prof. E. G., hope that he will translate some of the Turkish books on Nationalism, 217, 218
his perfect knowledge of language, 218
his praise of the author, 218
quoted, 214, 320
Brutus, his wife, 124
Bryce, Lord, his opinion enough to crush all argument, a tale of Western arrogance, 262, 263
Bucharest, 62
Bulgarians, now friends again, 175
more respected than Turks, 129, 310
Burns, Mrs. John, anecdote of her dignity, 133
Byron, Lord, his Greece and his Maid of Athens, 41
Byzantine Hippodrome in Constantinople, 27, 308
Cadem Haïr, a maid, whose mistress buys her trousseau, 189
Caliphat, the sacred office, 90
Calthorpe, Admiral, and the Armistice 193
hears tribute to English honour, 195, 227
Calthorpe, 227
Camerad Areloff, Soviet Ambassador in Angora, 152
no influence over Pasha, 169, 202
Canada, 280
Capitulations, unjudicial, incompatible with national sovereignty, would be also injurious to foreigners, 117, 311
naturally “desired” by foreigners, 275
Caracol, the (or lock-up), of Smyrna, 52
Caravan, in charge of a donkey, 260, 261
Carl Marx, 156, 162
Carlyle on Mahomet, 22
Carpet-factory visited, 100, 101
Catholic, what the word now means in Turkey, 52, 63
happy in Turkey, 241
Caucasian Confederation, 182, 202, 224
Cecil, Lord Robert; quaint thoughts of him in Anatolia, 105
impossible scheme to unite Anglicans and Greek Church, 106, 108
should see that “League” does not appear anti-Islam, 50, 313, 314.
Cemetery, like a field of poppies, 101
Ceretti, Monsignor, Paris Papal Nonce, memories of Pope as a young man, 242, 243
Chamber of Deputies, the French, 154
“Chapel of Bones” in Malta, 31
Cheik (once Professor of Arabic at Oxford) joins author in her journey, 69 et seq.
прекрасный попутчик, 71 и след.
his appearance described, 71
his generous kindness, 80
his philosophy, 81, 82
talks on politics, 90, 91
must educate his sons in Germany, not England, 93
reference to, 73, 75, 95, 103, 105, 112, 121, 133
Cheik, the; our “troubles” will make history, 80, 81, 102
talk on religion and the Koran, 106, 107
an excellent housewife, 110, 111
утверждает, что турки «чистоплотны», 269
reference to, 73, 75, 95, 103, 105, 112, 121, 133
Cheik-ul-Islam, called in to formally depose Khalif, 199, 200
сравнение с «шейхом» Абдул-Хамида, 200
Chemsi Effendi, schoolmaster in Salonika, 180
Cheriat laws are not run on a “cash basis,” 251, 269, 270
Chester, Mr., of the U.S., and sky-scrapers, 117, 118
Child Observer, the, or Boy Scout, from America, 300
his “little kindness” to Ismet Pasha, 300
China, 58, 234
Chislehurst, where Kemal Pasha’s future wife was educated, 190
Chivalry, fine, but inconvenient sometimes, 56 et seq.
Choate, Joseph, stern rebuke of Baron Marshall von Bieberstein, 301, 302
Christ in Koran, 22
venerated by Turks, 92
Christian minorities to be looked after by M. Kemal, 238
must be loyal, 247
only Turks can “protect,” 237, 238
Christian prayer for Turkey and the Pasha, 237
Christians claim exemption from military service, 160
why they have left Anatolia, 175, 176
happy at school with the Moslems, 211
to be exempt from military service, 213
have always lived in harmony with the Turks, 213
Churches, the; their proper function, 108, 109
Cilicia, 120, 153, 224
Circassian tribes, 153
Clapham, 30
Clemenceau, Mons., bigger man than Napoleon, 165, 166
did not know of oil in Mosul, 311
Committee of Union and Progress, 195, 222
its mistakes, 173
Compton, Mr., administers relief in Anatolia, 203
“Conceited ass” a leader of camels, 260, 261
Constant, Mons., French Ambassador at Constantinople, 24
Constantine, of Greece, afraid of air-raids, 94, 95
tale of an “interview” with, 97, 98, 107
Constantinople, its avenue of Pierre Loti, 20
mass meeting in the Byzantine Hippodrome, 27
its “dangerous” distractions, 29 et seq.
fear of its being handed to Russia, 90
will not tolerate a “Greek” Patriarch, 107, 108
the Hippodrome made in Germany, 118
some impressions of its bazaar, 126
станет ли столицей нового государства? 149
Parliament seized by English, 155
present position and prospects, 176
reforms interrupted by the war, 187
the newspaper called Illeri, or Forwards, 229
representative in Rome, 250
ceremony of the Mouharrem, 250, 251
its relics of Byzantium, 274
eager for tips, sharp contrast to the Anatolians, 285, 286
fixed tariff required for tips and cabs, 286
compensations in luxury, 286
Armenian concert interrupted by dogs, 294, 295
street-feuds among dogs, who unite against “alien” Christians, 294, 295
still the sublime but no longer the Turkey of the Turks, which is Angora, 295, 296
the holy man of the Tekka, 296, 297
how correspondents “hash up” their news, 303
Ottoman rule in, 308
cannot be neutral, and so intended for Russia, 319
government by committee would mean English rule, 320
must be given back to Turkey, 320
упоминания о, 23, 26, 108, 125, 153, 163, 179, 180, 182, 193, 203, 206, 220, 224, 239, 244, 252, 259, 263, 273, 284, 288, 307, 309, 311
Conversation without words, 138
Cook, Messrs. Thomas, & Co., Egypt, Ltd., 19, 20
Crowday, Dame Rachel, at the League, 112
Cuba, 49
Curzon, Lord, knows the East, 143
firm, but not insulting, 178
views on the Assembly, 193
books on the East, 227
understands Ismet Pasha, 287
knows the subject, and his own mind; has full powers, 289
for him the right way is not the easy way, 290
compliments the author, 291
his duel with Ismet Pasha, 197, 299
готовит свою «роль», 301
a pleasure to meet, 303
unfortunate severity and stiffness of manner in public, 303
really interested in Turks and understands them, 303, 304
might be more himself with Ismet Pasha, 303
cannot ignore “public opinion” in the West, still based on our conception of old Turkey, 304
слова об Исмете-паше: «Этот коротышка мне нравится», 305
naturally told nothing, but asked questions, 305
guesses at his policy, 306
hampered by association with the Coalition, 306
pity he cannot deal more directly with Turks, 306
his public speeches, 306
refuses to recognise religious tolerance of Turks, 309
try to force on Turkey what they would not offer to Greeks or Bulgars, 310
could deal with “public opinion” if he really wished to, 310
always seems to distrust Turks, 310
reference to, 27, 299, 317
Cyprus, 24
Czar Ferdinand, of Bulgaria, at Marienbad, 129
Damascus, 182
Dames de Nazareth, the, at Beyrout, converted to school, 211
Dane at Smyrna, his advice, 67
Dardanelles, the, 182, 224
Daudet, his hero and his goal, 157
Deacoville, 85, 88