Эти опасения обескуражили самых смелых искателей приключений от завершения экспедиций, в которых они участвовали, и сорвали каждую попытку. Но поскольку было обнаружено теми, кто плавал в северные части Тихого океана, что существует много заливов, которые направляются к Гудзонову заливу, не приходится сомневаться, что проход мог бы быть проложен из этого квартала, если искать его в надлежащий сезон. И если бы эти ожидания не оправдались, исследователи не оказались бы в такой же опасной ситуации, как те, кто отправлялся из Гудзонова залива, ибо они всегда будут уверены в безопасном отступлении через открытое море в более теплые регионы, даже после повторных разочарований. И эта уверенность позволит им действовать с большей решимостью и, вероятно, станет средством осуществления того, чему помешала чрезмерная осмотрительность или робость.
Эти причины для изменения плана исследования этого удобного прохода несут в себе такое убеждение, что в 1774 году Ричард Уитворт, эсквайр, член парламента от Стаффорда, джентльмен с обширными знаниями в географии, активного предприимчивого нрава, чья благожелательная натура всегда готова содействовать счастью отдельных лиц или благополучию общества, по представленным ему мною и другими доводам о целесообразности этого, намеревался совершить путешествие через континент Америки, чтобы попытаться осуществить план такого рода.
Он планировал следовать почти тем же маршрутом, что и я; и после постройки форта на озере Пепин, продвинуться вверх по реке Сент-Пьер, а оттуда вверх по притоку реки Миссури, пока, обнаружив исток Орегана или реки Запада, на другой стороне вершины земель, которые разделяют воды, текущие в Мексиканский залив, от тех, что впадают в Тихий океан, он не поплыл бы вниз по этой реке к месту, где, как говорят, она впадает вблизи проливов Аниан.
Основав там другое поселение на каком-либо месте, которое представлялось наиболее подходящим для поддержки его людей, в окрестностях некоторых из заливов, которые направляются к северо-востоку, он оттуда начал бы свои исследования. Этого джентльмена должны были сопровождать в экспедиции полковник Роджерс, я сам и другие, и он должен был взять с собой достаточное количество мастеров и моряков для постройки фортов и судов, необходимых в этом случае, и для управления последними; всего не менее пятидесяти или шестидесяти человек. Гранты и другие требования для этой цели были даже почти завершены, когда начались нынешние волнения в Америке, которые положили конец предприятию, обещавшему быть невообразимо выгодным для британских владений.
FINIS.
2. Томас Хатчинс, эсквайр, капитан 60-го, или Королевского американского пехотного полка Его Величества.
УКАЗАНИЯ по размещению карт и гравюр.
Карта Северной Америки, перед титульным листом.
Plan of Travels,
P. 16
Plate
No I. The Falls of St. Anthony, 70
II. Man and Woman of the Ottagaumies, 228
III. Ditto of the Naudowessies, 230
IV. Indian Weapons, 296
УКАЗАТЕЛЬ
A
Acosta de, a Spanish Writer, 184
Adair’s opinion of the peopling of America, 206
Adair’s opinion respecting the Mosaic rites of the Indians, 386
Adoration, Indian, 67
Adultery, punishment of, 375
Age revered, 243
Algonkins, 138
Allanipegon river, 137
America, peopled from different countries, 182, 184, 210
Anthony St. falls of, 66, 69
Anthropophagi, 196, 303, 304
Apathy of the Indians, 240
Arithmetic, ignorance of, 254
Arts, little cultivated, 249
Ash tree, 491
—— —— prickly, 393, 508
Asrahcootans, a band of Indians, 80
Assinipoils, a tribe of Indians, 76, 80, 112
Astronomy of the Indians, 253
B
Ball, an Indian game, 311
Bass or white wood, 499
Beans, 526
Bears, American, 442
—— grease used by the Indians, 443
—— method of hunting, 286
Beards of the Indians, 225
Beavers, history of, 457
—— method of hunting, 289, 290
Beech nut, 501
Bees, 491
Birds of America, 466
Bleeding of the jugular by the Carcajou, 450
см. Каркажу
Blood, human, drank, 304, 319
—— root, 516
Blue clay, used as a mark of peace, 102
Braddock, general, cause of the defeat of, 311
Bread, a species of, 26
—— unknown to the Nawdowessies, 262
Bones of the Nawdowessies preserved, 65, 84
—— carried for interment, 84, 86, 401
Bourbon lake, 107
—— river, source of, 76, 115
Bowl, game of the Indians, 365, 366
Bugs of America, 491, 493
Buffaloes, largest in America, 56, 103, 110
—— method of hunting of, 287
—— history of, 445
Burying place of the Nawdowessies, 65
Bustard river, 176
Butter or oil nut, 500
Button wood, 499
C
Cadot’s Fort, 131, 141
Калюмет, см. трубка мира
Канада, карты, несовершенны, введ. iii
Carcajou of America, 450
—— opens the jugular vein of its prey, 450
Carp, 478
Carrabou, history of, 449
Carthaginians, supposed to have visited America, 190
Carver Captain, escape of, at the massacre of Fort William Henry, 321
Carver’s intrepidity, 52, 81, 96, 280, 320
—— devotion of, 68, 178
—— intention in his travels, 178
—— river, 74
Cassa Tate, 296
Cataraqui river, 171
Cat-head fish or pout, 171
Cat-fish, 478
Cat-mint, 520
Cave, remarkable one, 63, 84
Charlevoix Pierre de, French historian, 192, 199, 220
Chegomegan Point of Lake Superior, 138
Cherry-tree, 504
Chichicoué beans, use of, 385, 394
Children, management of, in infancy, 236
—— tenderness to, 378
Chipéway Indians, 60, 96, 104, 115, 268, 352
—— —— gratitude of, 63, 357
—— —— language of, 420
Chipéway Indians, universality of, 414, 416
—— river, 102
Choak-berry, 512
Chongousceton Indians, 80
Chub, 478
Clays, variously coloured, 101
Cohnawaghans or Mohawks of Canada, 173
Coldness of the water of Lake Superior, 153
Colour of the Indians, 223
Cookery, Indian, 233
Copper ore in America, 139
Crab-tree, 503
Cranberry-bush, 511
Crane, American, 469
Croix St. Riviere, 105, 106
Cross, no object of religious worship, 387
Cruelty to captives, 339, 341
Cuzco, great road, 191
D
Daggers of the Nawdowessies, 296
Dance, remarkable, near Lake Pepin, 279
Dances of the Indians, 266
Dead Indians how treated, 398
—— —— oration on, 399, 400
Death, cruelty in inflicting, 338, 340
Death-cries, 334
Death-song, 334, 337
Deer, plentiful, 110, 114
—— manner of hunting them, 288
—— some account of, 446
Defiance to war, 307
Delzel, an enterprizing officer, 162
Detroit, straights of, and river, 150
Devils-bit, 515
Dii Penates, 278, 309
Diseases of the Indians, 389
Dishes of the Indians, 234
Divorce of the Indians, 371
Dogs, flesh of, a feast of the Indians, 278, 304
—— of America, 445
Dress of the Indians, 219, 226
Drink of the Indians, 263
Dropsy, treatment of, 391
Ducks, American, 469
E
Eagles, American, 466
—— abound near the falls of St. Anthony, 71
Ears of the Indians ornamented, 227
Elder shrub, 508
Elks, large in America, 103, 447
—— method of hunting them, 288
Enemies, implacable hatred of, 238
Erie Lake, 167
Etchelaugon Lake, 176
F
Falls of St. Anthony, 66, 69
—— —— —— —— picturesque view of, 70
Farinaceous and leguminous roots, 522
Fasts of the Indians, 285
Feasts, Indian, 262
Feu-de-joie of the Ottawaws, 23
Fever-bush, 511
Fidelity of the Indians, 372
Fishes of America, 476
Fish-hawk, American, 468
Flints used as chirurgical instruments, 394
Flowers, American, 52
Food of the Indians, 263
Fort William Henry, massacre of, 313
Fortitude of the Indians, 411
Fox river, 38, 40
—— —— abounds with wild fowl, 39
Foxes of America, 444
Francis St. river of, 72
—— —— Indians, 173
Fruit trees, 502
Funeral ceremonies, 402, 405
—— speech, 399, 406, 407
Furs, beaver, 110, 111
Future state, ideas respecting, 383, 404
G
Games, Indian, 363
Gaming among the Indians, 244, 363
Garcia Gregorio, a Spanish historian, 183
Gargit or skoke, 518
Geography of the Indians, 84, 252
Ginsang, 514
Gladwyn, major, 155
—— —— faithfulness of the servant of, 156
Goddard’s river, 105, 132
—— —— transparency of, 132
Gold, plenty of, 118
Gold thread, 515
Goose river, 72
Grape, a species of, 136
Green snake, 486
Green-bay, near Lake Michigan, 21
Greenland, borders on America, 209
Grollon, father, a relation from, 193
Government of the Indians, 255
Guella Francis, 195
H
Hairs plucked out by the Indians, 225
Hatchet red, emblem of war, 362
Head dress of the Indians, 230
Hemlock-tree, 499
Hennepin, father, 69, 219
Herbs, American, 516
Hereditary succession, 259
Hesperides, supposed to be the Antilles, 183
Hickory, 502
Hieroglyphicks, Indian, 64, 252, 337, 417
—— anecdotes respecting the, 418
Hispaniola, said to have been visited by the Tyrian fleet, 192
Hissing snake, 167, 486
Hontan, Baron de, 220
Hornn George de, a Dutch writer, 189
Horned bug, 493
Hospitality of the Indians, 25, 81, 83, 265
Houses, Indian, 231
Hudson’s Bay, company of, 110, 112
Humming-bird, 475
Hunting among the Indians, 283
Huron Lake, 144, 150
Huron Indians, 151
Hurricane, effects of one, 103
Huts of the Indians, 231
I
Ice, forming an intercourse between America and Europe, 188
Indian, interview, 61
—— banditti, 52
—— corn or maize, 522
—— wild, 520
Indolence of the Indians, 243, 244
Initiation into the friendly society of the spirit, 271
Ink like rain, 153
Insects of America, 490
Intrenchment, remains of one, 56, 57
Intrigue of the Indians, 376, 377
Iroondocks, a tribe of the Iroquois Indians, or five Mohawk nations, 173
Iroquois Lakes, 173
—— Indians, or five Mohawk nations, 173
Island of Mauropas, 135
Isle Royal in Lake Superior, 134
J
Jacobs, lieutenant, 164
Jay, blue, 472
Jaun, Riviere, 51
Jealousy rarely known, 245
Jews, supposed to have discovered America, 207
John St., Lake of, 177
K
Kamtschatka borders on America, 194, 214
Killistinoes, a tribe of Indians, 76, 80, 112, 130
—— priest, anecdote of, 123 to 128
—— king of, described, 131
King bird, 475
L
La Bay, fort of, 21
Lac la Pluye, 114
—— du Bois, 113
Laconia, province of, 174
Laët John de, a Flemish writer, 184, 186
Озера Америки представлены неверно, введ. iv.
Language of the Indians, 414
Lightning-bug, 491
Liquid amber-tree, 505
Litters, Indian, 330
Lizards, American, 488
Long black snake, 485
Loon, the American, 470
M
Magic, initiation into, 272
Mahahs, trade of at Fort la Reine, 109
Maize, or Indian-corn, 522
Manataulin, island in lake Merow, 144
Mandrakes, suggestions about, 118
Manikouagone lake, near the black river, 176
Manitou, or Kitchi Manitou, 381, 388
Manitous, 309
Manners of the Indians, 235
Maple, 496
Marble river, 101
Marie St. falls of, 142, 148
Marriage ceremonies, 367, 369, 373
—— dance, 265
Martin, history of, 455
Massacre at Fort William Henry, 313, 327
Mawhaws, a band of Indians, 80
Mawtawbauntowahs, 60
—— anecdote of a party of, 60
Medicine of the Indians, 305, 385, 391
Melon, 526
Memory of the Indians, retentive, 242
Menomonies take Fort la Bay, 22
Menies, ceremony concerning the, 236
Messorie river, 75, 118
Mexican refugees, 119
—— —— ideas of, 117
Michigan lake, navigable to Greenbay, 26
—— —— description of, 28, 140
Michillimackinac, fort of, 18, 137, 149
—— —— taken by stratagem, 19
Michipicooton river, 137
Midwives unknown among the Indians, 235
Mink, American, 465
Missisauges, an Indian tribe, 171
Mississippi river, 56, 66, 72, 102
—— —— source of, 76
Mistassin lake on Rupert’s river, 175
Mohawks river, 172
Mohawks, nation of, 173
Monro Colonel, death of, 314, 325
Montcalm General, cruelty of, 320, 326
—— —— death of, 326
Months and moons of the Indians, 251
Moose-deer, 448
—— wood, 508
Morand Captain, anecdote of, 40
Moraez Emanuel de, a Portuguese writer, 188
Moschettoe country, 106
Mountain in the river, 56
—— red, a place of trade and amity, 99
—— shining, 118, 121
Mourning, ceremonies of, 403, 407
Mulberry-tree, 503
Musquash, or musk-rat, 455
Myrtle wax-tree, 510
N
Natural history of America, 441
Nawdowessie Indians, 59, 61, 80, 268, 271
—— —— anecdote of a party of, 61
—— —— friendly disposition of, 62
—— —— burying-place of, 65
—— —— language of, 416
—— —— vocabulary of, 433
—— —— song of, 440
Nehogatawonahs, 60
Niagara, falls of, 169
—— fort of, 169, 170
Night-hawk, history of the, 466
Nipegon river, 157
Nipising lake, 175
Nut-trees, 500
O
Oaks, American, 495
Oil-nut, 500
Oniada lake, 172
—— Indians, a tribe of the Iroquois, or five Mohawk nations, 173
Onondagoes, a tribe of the Iroquois, 173
Ontario lake, 170
—— —— country surrounding, 172
Oregon river, 66
Origin of the Americans, 181 to 219
Oswego river, 171
—— bass-fish, 171
Ottagaumies, 48, 50, 352, 357
Ottawaw lakes, 106, 175
Otter skins, employed as manitous, 309
—— history of, 464
Ouis Consin river, 45
Ouinipique river, 108
Oviedo, a celebrated Spanish writer, 183
Owl of America, 469
P
Paint of the Indians, 101, 227, 231
Papenouagane lake, 176
Partridges, American, 471
Parturition, easy, 235
—— how promoted, 396
Pawwaw, or black dance, 270
Peace, manner of making, 351, 358, 360
Pecan-nut, 501
Peopling of America, vide America, 181 to 219
Pepin lake, 54, 95
—— rich scenery near it, 55
Persons of the Indians, 219, 223
Pertibi lake, 176
Petticoats, Indian, 229
Phœnicians, said to have visited America, 190, 191
Physicians of the Indians, 384, 391, 395
Pierre St. Riviere, 65, 75
—— —— —— source of, 84
Pine-tree, 496
Pipe or Calumate dance, 268
—— of peace, 281, 358
Pipes Indian, where procured, 101
Plants of America, 512
Platter, a game of the Indians, 365, 366
Pleurisy, treatment of, 390
Plumb-tree, 526
Plymouth company, grant to, 174
Polygamy of the Indians, 369
Pontiac, a celebrated Indian warrior, 19
—— surprizes Michillimackinac, 20
—— further account of, 153
—— stratagems and catastrophe of, 153 to 166
Poor Robin’s plantain, 518
Porcupine, history of, 453
Portage grand, 106
Pots Indian, manufactory of, 233
Prairies les Chiens, 50, 93
—— —— —— picturesque description around, 100
Prairies les Chiens, place of trade and general amity, 99
Prayer of an Ottowaw chief, 24
Prickly-ash, in the venereal disease, 393, 508
Priest of the Killistinoes, 123, 384
—— anecdote of, 125
—— of the Indians, 384
Prisoners, cruel treatment of, 330, 331, 336
—— grace to, 343, 344
—— never exchanged, 345
Property, equality of, 247, 248
Pumpkin, 526
Q
Queen of the Winnebagoes, 33
R
Racoon, history of, 454
Rainy lake, 114
Rattle snake, anecdote of one, 43
—— —— frequent, 167
—— —— history of, 479
—— —— bite of, antidotes to, 482
—— —— plantain, 482, 517
Red wood smoked with tobacco, 31
—— marble river, 75
—— mountain, rendezvous for trade and general amity, 99
Red bird, 475
Reine la Fort, of, 109
Religion of the Indians, 380
Revenge of the Indians, 298, 413
Rice, wild, 523
Rink-snake, 487
Road of war, 103
Rock Liverwort, 518
Robertson Dr. his opinion on the peopling of America, 217, 218
—— his misrepresentation, 224
Rogers, Major, 163
Roots and plants, 512
Rum river, 72
Rupert’s river, 174
S
Sachem, 257
Sacrifice dance, 268, 282
Sagacity of the Indians, 242, 284, 328
Sagapenum bay, 144
Saguenay river, near lake St. John, 176
Salle Mr. de la, 220
Salaciousness of the Nawdowessies, 246
Salt, an antidote to the bite of the rattle-snake, 483
Sand Cherries (cherries de sable), 30
Sanicle, 517
Sarsaparilla, 513
Sassafras, 507
Saukies, account of, 47, 352, 357
—— possess lead, 48
Sautor Grand, or great Chipéway Chief, 97
—— —— his tragic fate, 99
Scalps kept as trophies, 328
Scalping, account of, 328, 329
Scarification used by the Indians, 394
Schians, a band of Indians, 80
Schianese, 80
Scythians, founders of America, 180, 190, 196
Sekockimac smoked with tobacco, 31
Senecas, a tribe of the Iroquois, 173
Serpents of America, 479
Shahsweentowahs, 60
Shells, ornaments of, 227
Shin wood, 506
Shining mountains, 118, 121
Shirts of the Indians, 226, 229
Shoes of the Indians, 228
Shrub-oak, 509
Shrubs, 505
Silk-worms, 490
Skunk of America, 450
—— cabbage or poke, 519
Slaves, Indian, 346
Sledges, Indian, 330
Slow lizard, 489
Small-pox, ravages of, 326
Snake skin, chirurgical use of, 392
Snakes, American, 485
Solomon’s seal, 515
Speech addressed to the Nawdowessies, 87
—— of the Nawdowessie Indians, 90
Speeches to excite to war, 300, 302
Speckled snake, 487
Spikenard, 381
Spirit, the great, dwelling of, 63, 135, 144, 381
—— —— —— address to, 67, 125, 302
—— —— —— ceremony of invoking, 123, 127
Spirit, an amazing large one, 135
Spirits, 381
Spirituous liquors, fondness for, 347
Splinters, how extracted, 392
Spoon-wood, 508
Squashes, 526
Squirrels, American, 456
Stockings of the Indians, 228
Stone, white as snow, 100
—— red, used for making pipes, 101
Strawberry-river, 105
Striped or garter snake, 486
Sturgeon frequent, 106, 140
—— history of, 477
Subordination unknown to the North American Indians, 257
Succatosh food, 263
Sugar of the Maple, 262, 282
Sulphureous water, rained, 153
—— stones, 169
Sumach-leaves, smoked with tobacco, 30
Superior Lake, 106
—— —— transparency of its water, 132
—— —— elegant and picturesque view from, 143
Superstition of the Indians, 238, 254, 391
T
Tamiscaming Lake, 175
Targets of the Indians, 296
Teal, 470
Temper of the Indians, 238
Thorn-tail snake, 486
Thousand lakes, 73
Thunder, alarming to the Indians, 85
Time, calculation of, 250
Tintons, a band of Indians, 80
Toad plantain, 518
Tobacco worm, 491
—— plant, and life of the author, 521 intr.
Tongo-Wakon, 381
Toronto, Indian town, 171
Tortoise, or land turtle, 488
Tree-toad, 489
Trees, American, 494
Trouts, plenty of, 140, 149
Turnbull, Captain, 152
Tuscarories, a tribe of the Iroquois, 173
Two-headed snake, 487
Tyger, American, 442
Tyrian fleet, supposed to have visited America, 192
V
Venereal disease not indigenous to America, 392
—— —— cured by the prickly-ash, 393
Vines, American, 503
Visits of the Indians, 241
Vocabulary of the Chipéway tongue, 420
—— of the Nawdowessies, 433
W
Waddapawjestin Indians, 80
Waddapawmenesotor river, 65
Wake robin, 520
Wakon-teebe cave, 63
—— bird, 470
—— Kitchewah society, 271
Wakons, 309, 381
Wampum, 362
War-dance, 269
War, manner of making, 293, 300, 306, 310
—— club, 296, 362
—— declaration of, 307
—— hoop, 319, 334
Warrior, the great, 257
—— Indian, military arms of, 269
Water-bug, 493
Water-snakes, 167, 486
Weeks of the Indians, 252
Whetsaw of America, 475
Whipper-will, 467
Whirtleberries, 136
White-ash, antidote to the rattle-snake poison, 482
Wickopick-tree, 499
Wild indigo, 520
Wild rice, 523
Willow, 506
Winds of America varying in temperature, 70
Winnepeek river, 108, 110
Winter-green, 510
Witch-hazle, 509
Witchcraft, how treated, 395
Wives, station of, 367
Wolves, American, 444
Women, courage of, 333
Wood-creek river, 172
Wood-chuck, 454
Wood-pigeon, 471
Woodpecker, 472
Worship cultivated by the Indians, 179
Wounds, treatment of, 391
Y
Yellow river, 51
Примечание транскриптора:
В оригинале одно изображение присутствовало дважды (Табачное растение). Оба изображения были сохранены. Слова (сверху) и (снизу) были добавлены к некоторым подписям к изображениям, чтобы прояснить, какая подпись относится к какому изображению. Тире, использованные в качестве знаков повтора в оглавлении, были заменены текстом, который они представляют.
В оригинал были внесены некоторые исправления. В частности, были исправлены ошибки пунктуации. В указателе написание было изменено в соответствии с написанием в основном тексте; номера страниц были добавлены там, где их не хватало, и исправлены там, где были обнаружены ошибки.
Дополнительные исправления перечислены ниже:
p. 11 Chipèway -> Chipéway
p. 13 Chipeway -> Chipéway
p. 15 rout -> route
p. 15 pap. -> pag.
p. 23 suprised -> surprised
p. 35 excusions -> excursions
p. 37 rapaid -> rapid
p. 46 disstance -> distance
p. 63 recived -> received
p. 63 after I left left -> after I left
p. 96 Chippéways -> Chipéways
p. 136 notwithstanding that is -> notwithstanding that it is
p. 151 more attentive to to -> more attentive to
p. 188 Portugeuse -> Portuguese
p. 219 utilitity -> utility
p. 235 assiststance -> assistance
p. 241 neve -> never
p. 279 red and and black -> red and black
p. 305 Nowithstanding -> Notwithstanding
p. 311 their -> there
p. 312 extraordinry -> extraordinary
p. 315 whereing -> wherein
p. 318 anle -> ancle
p. 347 treaders -> traders
p. 352 Ontatario -> Ontario
p. 353 impossibe -> impossible
p. 354 pass though -> pass through
p. 406 strengh -> strength
p. 407 blacken their their faces -> blacken their faces
p. 440 purpose a a short -> purpose a short
p. 483 it -> its
p. 484 suden -> sudden
p. 501 chensuts -> chesnuts
p. 507 kown -> known
p. 517 seldoms -> seldom
p. 536 ae -> are
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