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Guigne Noire de Monstreux. P. avium. 1. Thomas Guide Prat. 24. 1876. Described by M. M. Vérilhac, nurseryman at Annonay, France, as a large, good, productive cherry ripening the first part of June. Guigne Nouvelle Espéce. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort Soc. Cat. 51. 1831. Mentioned in the reference given. Guigne Olive. P. avium. 1. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:79, 80 fig., 81, 220. 1866. Fruit large, elongated-oval, more pointed at the cavity; suture wide; stem long, slender, set in a slightly deep, abrupt cavity; skin at first rose-colored, marbled with red changing to almost black; flesh tender, colored, agreeably acid, with a slight bitterness; pit very large, oval, resembling the pit of an olive; ripens at the beginning of July. Guigne Petite Blanche. P. vium. 1. Lond. Hort Soc. Cat. 51. 1831. Mentioned in the reference given. Guigne Petite Rouge. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort Soc. Cat. 51. 1831. Listed in this reference. Guigne la Plus Hâtive. P. avium. 1. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:51-54, fig. 1866. Guigne marbrée précoce. 2. Mas Le Verger 8:115, 116, fig. 56. 1866-73. Guigne d'Annonay. 3. Thomas Guide Prat. 15, 197. 1876. Fruit of medium size, cordate, often slightly elongated; skin thin, mottled with red changing to almost black; stem moderately slender, set in a rather deep, wide cavity; flesh purplish, tender, juicy, agreeably acidulated; pit small, ovoid; ripens the last of May. Guigne Précoce Leo d'Ounons. P. avium. 1. Rev. Hort. 65. 1881. This variety was found in an orchard near Vigne, France. The fruit is large and sweet with an agreeably aromatic juice; ripens the first half of June. Guigne Précoce de Mathère. P. avium. 1. Thomas Guide Prat. 27. 1876. Early Mathere. 2. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 416. 1899. Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; stem short; skin red; flesh yellowish-red, juicy, sweet; stone small, clinging; early. Guigne Précoce Ponctuée. P. avium. 1. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:208. 1866. A variegated cherry with uncolored juice, mentioned by Mortillet. Guigne de Provence. P. avium. 1. Thomas Guide Prat. 18. 1876. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:152. 1882. 3. Guide Prat. 18. 1895. Although very similar to Transparente de Coë, according to Guide Pratique, 1895, Guigne de Provence is a distinct variety. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, obtuse-cordate; skin reddish-carmine; flesh rather firm, sweet; first quality; matures the last half of June. Guigne Ramon Oliva. P. avium. 1. Rev. Hort. 355. 1888. 2. Soc. Nat. Hort. France Pom. 112 fig., 113. 1904. A chance seedling noticed first by M. Charozé, horticulturist, at Pyramide-Trelazé, near Angers, France. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, usually borne in twos or threes, roundish-cordate; suture indistinct; stem long; color brownish-black, glossy; flesh fine, juicy, sweet; pit large, oval; ripens early in June. Guigne Rose Hâtive. P. avium. 1. Thomas Guide Prat. 24, 199. 1876. Kleine frühe rothe Herzkirsche. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 164. 1819.

Rosenrothe Maikirsche. 3. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:18. 1858. 4. Ill. Handb. 55 fig., 56. 1860. Guignier à fruit rose hâtif. 5. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:503. 1860. Guigne Rose Hâtive was received by Jahn from Dochnahl who believed Rheinpfalz, a former palatinate in Germany, to be its home. Tree productive, drooping; fruit of medium size, uneven particularly about the stem, roundish-cordate, sides flattened; suture indistinct; stem medium in length; cavity shallow; skin rose-colored in the middle of May, later changing to a reddish-purple or black; flesh tender, with colored juice, sweet if ripe; stone rather large, ovate to oval; ripens at the end of May or the beginning of June. Guigne Rouge Commune. P. avium. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:152. 1882. The flowers and foliage only are described. Guigne Rouge Ponctuée. P. avium. 1. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:89 fig., 90, 91, 218. 1866. This cherry is similar to Rothe Molkenkirsche but is different in pit. It was found in the province of l'Isere, France. Fruit large to above, depressed at both extremities, flattened on both sides, one of which is traversed by a wide, shallow suture; stem above medium in length, set in a shallow, rather narrow cavity; skin firm, thick, brilliant, changing to deep red, mottled; flesh white, faintly rose-colored especially about the pit, moderately firm, at maturity it loses its sourness becoming sugary and aromatic; pit large, oblong-oval; ripens at the beginning of June. Guigne de Russie à Fruit Blanc. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. Mentioned in the reference given. Guigne Très Précoce. P. avium. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 275, 301. 1884. A very early, black cherry, a week earlier than the Early Purple. Fruit rather small, obtuse-cordate, irregular in outline; stem long, slender, deeply inserted in a wide cavity; skin quite black; flesh very tender; juice colored; good. Guigne van der Broek. P. avium. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:39, 40. 1771. A very small, juicy cherry similar to the Black Guigne in form, color and taste; somewhat oblong; dark, brownish-black; of a very sweet, agreeable taste. Guigne Villeneuve. P. avium. 1. Thomas Guide Prat. 15, 1876. Villeneuver Herzkirsche. 2. Proskauer Obstsort. 57. 1907. This variety is believed to be native to the region around the Auvergne mountains, France. Fruit very large, quadrangular; skin a vivid rose color overspreading a whitish ground; ripens late in June. Guignier à Fruit Noir et Très-long Pédoncule. P. avium. 1. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:503. 1860. Obtained from seed and fruited first in 1824. Tree erect, vigorous; fruit small, conical, black; stem nearly four inches long; flesh watery, colored, sweet, agreeably acidulated. Guignier à Petit Fruit Noir. P. avium. 1. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:502. 1860. This variety differs from the Grosse Schwarze Herzkirsche only in size of fruit. Guindoux Noir de Faix. Species? 1. Thomas Guide Prat. 26. 1876. Mentioned by Thomas without description.

Gunsleber Späte Knorpelkirsche. P. avium. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 320, 321. 1819. A seedling of White Spanish ripening early in August. Fruit small, blushed with light and dark red on a white ground; flesh firm, sweet; unproductive. Halbgefülltblühende Weichsel. P. cerasus. 1. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:66, 67. 1858. Schwarze Weichsel mit halb gefüllter Blüte. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 606, 607, 608. 1819. Truchsess says that only the semi-doubles have perfect pistils and the other flowers do not produce fruit. Fruit oblate; stem long, inserted in a shallow cavity; skin thin, tough, glossy, black; flesh tender, fibrous near the stem, with dark juice, pleasing. Halifax. Species? 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 94. 1854. Halifax is an old variety reported from Maryland. Hallock. P. avium. Hallock is a supposed seedling of Downer found by Nicholas Hallock, Milton, New York; not disseminated. It resembles Downer in color but is slightly smaller and about two weeks later. Hallowell. P. avium. 1. Me. Sta. An. Rpt. 22:175. 1906. Hallowell is a seedling of Black Tartarian. Hamell Kirsche. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. Mentioned in the reference given. Hamels Arissen. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. Mentioned in this reference. Hartlib. Species? 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. Listed without a description. Hartlippe. Species? 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 572. 1629. "The Hartlippe Cherrie is so called of the place where the best of this kinde is noursed up, being betweene Sittingbourne and Chattam in Kent, and is the biggest of our English kindes." Hartz Mountain. Species? 1. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 48. 1874. This variety was brought from Germany by a Mr. Meyer of St. Peter, Minnesota, with whom it has proved hardy and productive. Hâtive de Balis. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 362. 1889. Mentioned in the reference given. Hâtive ou Précoce. Species? 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. Listed without a description. Hâtive de Prin. P. cerasus. 1. Rev. Hort. 280, 281, Pl. 1893. 2. Guide Prat. 17. 1895. Priner Frühweichsel. 3. Proskauer Obstsort. 59. 1907. This variety was introduced by M. Maquerlot of Fismes, Marne, France. It resembles Montmorency in shape, with a longer stem. Fruit often borne in fours; cavity deep; skin thin, deep red; flesh of a rose color, transparent, sugary, acidulated, juicy; pit of medium size, orbiculated. Hâtive de St. Jean. Species? 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. Listed without a description.

Headley. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. Mentioned in this reference. Healy. P. avium. 1. Sweet Cat. II. 1897. Healy is an old, sweet variety thought to have come from Pennsylvania; introduced by George A. Sweet, Dansville, New York. Hedelfingen. P. avium. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 549. 1901. Hedelfingen Risenkirsche. 2. Ill. Handb. 77 fig., 78. 1860. Colassale d'Hedelfingen. 3. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:301. 1866. Géante d'Hedelfingen. 4. Thomas Guide Prat. 20, 194. 1876. Monstrueuse d'Hedelfingen. 5. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:59, 60, fig. 30. 1882. Bigarreau de Hedelfingen. 6. Gard. Chron. 20:160. 1896. This variety probably originated in the village of Hedelfingen, Germany. Tree strong, vigorous, productive; fruit very large, obtuse-cordate; suture noticeable on both sides; stem very long; cavity deep, narrow; skin glossy, tough, dark brown changing to black, with light red dots; flesh fibrous, dark red, more tender than many Bigarreaus, yet firm, juicy, pleasing, aromatic; stone of medium size, long, truncate at the base; ripens in July; good for table, kitchen and market. Hedwigs Kirsche. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 362. 1889. Listed but not described. Heidelberger Kirsche. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Wörterb. 290. 1802. A very dark, black, small, short-stemmed Sour Cherry ripening at the beginning of September. Heiges. P. avium. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 40. 1895. Heiges is a seedling of the Bigarreau type, from C. E. Hoskins, Springbrook, Oregon, ripening there the last of June. Fruit large, heart-shaped, very smooth; cavity medium in size and depth, regular, flaring; stem short, slender; suture shallow, narrow; skin thin, tenacious, dark purplish-black, with minute golden, indented dots; flesh very dark, purplish-black, with a few light veins, meaty, tender, juicy, sweet, aromatic; quality best; pit large, oval, semi-clinging. Heintzen (Heintze's) Frühe Kirsche. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 362. 1889. Listed in the reference given. Henneberger Grafenkirsche. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Handb. 675. 1797. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 548, 549, 550. 1819. 3. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:64. 1858. 4. Christ Obstbäume 159. 1790. Cerise du Comte de Henneberg. 5. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:307. 1866. Fruit of medium size, flattened, without a suture; black when ripe; stem long, slender, shallowly inserted; flesh tender, with a pleasant sourness; ripens in July. Hensel Early. Species? 1. Horticulturist 22:233 fig. 1867. Hensel is an accidental seedling found on the grounds of G. W. Zahm, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and named after the former owner of the property. Tree moderate in growth, hardy, productive; fruit roundish, obtuse at the base; stem slender; flesh half-tender, juicy; good; ripens the first part of June; not disposed to rot.

Herzkirsche Léona Quesnel. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 62. 1889. Mentioned but not described by Mathieu. Herzkirsche Trauben. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:153. 1882. The flowers and foliage only are described. Herzkirsche Wils Frühe. Species? 1. Lange Allgem. Garten. 439. 1897. Listed without a description. Herzkirschweichsel. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Handb. 673. 1797. According to Christ, this cherry is a Morello; fruit large, with an indistinct suture; stem rather long, deeply set; color reddish-black; flesh tender, subacid; stone cordate; ripens the middle of July. Herzog May. P. avium × P. cerasus. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 330. 1885. 2. Ohio Hort. Soc. Rpt. 22. 1892-93. Imported by Professor J. L. Budd from Southwestern Russia where it does well on wet, unfavorable soil. Tree open and upright, a true Duke of the best quality. Hoadley. P. avium. 1. Elliott Fr. Book 209 fig. 1854. Hoadley was raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio, in 1842, and was named by Elliott in honor of George Hoadley of Cleveland. Tree healthy, vigorous, with a round, spreading head; fruit above medium in size, roundish-cordate; stem of medium length; cavity shallow; skin pale yellow, mottled and striped with clear carmine; flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, sweet, sprightly, almost translucent; pit of medium size; season the last of June; valuable for table use but will not stand shipment. Hockenberg. P. cerasus. Mentioned in a letter from H. Back & Sons, New Trenton, Indiana, as resembling an Amarelle; of no particular value. Hogg Black Gean. P. avium. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 69, 84. 1866. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. Fruit of medium size, obtuse-cordate; stem long; skin black, glossy; flesh and juice dark, rich, sweet, tender; season at the beginning of July. Hogg Red Gean. P. avium. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 69, 84. 1866. Fruit medium large, roundish, inclined to heart-shape; stem long; skin red, mottled with amber-yellow; flesh yellowish, tender, sweet, rich, with uncolored juice; ripens the first of July. Hoke. P. avium × P. cerasus. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 24. 1894. Hoke is a Duke, long known in York County, Pennsylvania, and regarded as worthy of wider dissemination. It originated at Hanover, Pennsylvania, with Henry Wirt, and was known as Wirt until the farm changed hands in 1848, when it became known as Hoke. The fruit, as grown at this Station, is large, obtuse-cordate; cavity large, deep; skin thick, tough, resisting rot in rainy weather, dark, mottled with red; stem long, moderately thick, swollen at either end; flesh firm, meaty, dark pink, subacid, sprightly; quality very good; stone medium; season the last of June. Höllandische Späte Weichsel. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Handb. 677. 1797. 2. Christ Wörterb. 288. 1802. Höllandische Kirsche. 3. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 597-599. 1819. Höllandische Weichsel. 4. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:65. 1858.

This variety is distinguished from others of its class by its smaller stone, tender flesh, longer stem and later ripening. Tree never large, productive; fruit large, nearly round, sides slightly compressed; suture distinct; stem long; color brownish-red; flesh tender, colored, juicy, very sour; ripens in August but hangs until September. Holman Duke. P. avium × P. cerasus. 1. Langley Pomona 86, Pl. 17 fig. 1. 1729. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:135, 136. 1832. 3. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 99. 1846. 4. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:346, 347 fig. 1877. Cerise Royale Tardive D'Angleterre. 5. Ann. Pom. Belge 1:107, 108, Pl. 1853. Cherry-Duck. 6. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:507. 1860. Royale Tardive. 7. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:155, 156 fig., 157, 158, 305. 1866. 8. Pom. France 7:No. 1, Pl. 1. 1871. 9. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:162. 1882. Holman Duke is thought to be of English origin and a seedling of May Duke. The name, Royale Tardive, a synonym of Holman Duke, has been used interchangeably for several Duke cherries. Fruit large to above, roundish-cordate; suture moderate; stem above medium in size, set in a rather deep, narrow, irregular cavity; skin thin, brownish-red changing to nearly black when fully mature; flesh red, fibrous, juicy, vinous, acidulated; pit of medium size, ovoid; dorsal suture not very apparent; ripens the middle of July. Holme Late Duke. P. avium × P. cerasus. 1. Thomas Guide Prat. 27. 1876. Mentioned by Thomas without a description. Holstein. Species? 1. Mag. Hort. 17:363. 1851. A medium-sized, round, red, seedling cherry. Homer. P. cerasus. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 73:71, 72. 1903. 2. Jewell Cat. 35. 1906. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 27. 1909. Homer is a seedling of the Morello type from New Haven, Connecticut, introduced from Homer, Minnesota; said to be valuable in the Northwest. Fruit medium to large, roundish-oblate; stem short, stout; cavity shallow, moderately broad; skin red, becoming darker, thin, rather tough; flesh tender, uncolored, juicy, mildly subacid; pit round, semi-clinging; ripens the last of June. Honey. P. avium. 1. Coxe Cult. Fr. Trees 251. 1817. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 217. 1854. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 243. 1858. Large Honey. 4. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. Yellow Honey. 5. Prince Pom. Man. 2:110. 1832. Cream. 6. Horticulturist 1:148. 1846-47. Summer's Honey? 7. Cole Am. Fr. Book 228. 1849. Late Honey? 8. Ibid. 235, 236. 1849. Honey, though grown only in America, is probably of foreign origin—an old sort renamed. Tree similar to Black Mazzard but more spreading. Fruit small, roundish-oval, yellowish, mottled with red, becoming deep amber-red; stem long, slender; flesh tender, melting, juicy, sweet; pit large; season the middle of July. Honey Dew. P. avium. 1. Conn. Bd. Agr. Rpt. 11:340. 1877. Spoken of as a valuable variety originating in Connecticut. Honeywood. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. 2. Mag. Hort. 9:205. 1843. Mentioned as unworthy of cultivation.

Hoppock Yellow. P. avium. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 12:164. 1886. This variety originated in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, from seed sown by Cornelius Hoppock. Fruit of medium size, cordate, sweet; very productive. Hoskins. P. avium. 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 262. 1892. 2. Ibid. 292, Pl. VI. 1893. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 150. 1895. 4. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 24. 1899. Hoskins originated with C. E. Hoskins,86 Newberg, Oregon, about 1880, as a seedling of Napoleon. Tree vigorous, upright, somewhat spreading; fruit large, roundish-cordate suture a line; stem short, set in a roundish cavity; color dull purplish-red; flesh purple, fibrous, firm, sprightly, sweet; quality good; ripens in mid-season. Hovey. P. avium. 1. Hovey Fr. Am. 2:25, 26, Pl. 1851. 2. Mag. Hort. 19:405, 406 fig. 27. 1853. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 74. 1862. Hovey originated with C. M. Hovey, Boston, Massachusetts, being selected from a bed of seedlings in 1839; first fruited in 1848. For a time it was considered a cherry of considerable value but at present it is but little known. Tree very vigorous, upright, spreading, productive; fruit large, obtuse-cordate; stem short, rather stout; skin rich amber mottled with brilliant red; flesh pale amber, rather firm but tender, sprightly becoming sweet; very good in quality; stone slightly adherent to the pulp, small, oval. Hoy. P. avium. 1. Chase Cat. 12. 1909. 2. Ibid. Pl. 1910. A new cherry recently found in one of the suburbs of Philadelphia and introduced in 1909 by the Chase Nursery Company, Geneva, New York, as a very valuable Sweet Cherry. As grown at the Geneva Station it is smaller and no better than Napoleon. Tree vigorous, hardy, healthy, unproductive on the Station grounds. Fruit large, roundish-cordate, slightly flattened, with irregular surfaces; cavity deep; suture a line; stem of medium thickness and length, adhering to the fruit; skin rather thin, of medium toughness, adhering to the pulp, amber covered with light red, sometimes spotted; flesh whitish, juicy, stringy, tender, somewhat meaty, crisp, sprightly, sweet; quality good; stone clinging, roundish, plump; ripens in mid-season.

Hubbard. P. cerasus. 1. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 437. 1898. Hubbard is a variety of the Morello class grown about Villa Ridge, Illinois. Tree dwarfish, drooping, bears early, productive; fruit large, cordate, nearly black; precedes Early Richmond. Hungarian Gean. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 50. 1831. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 302. 1884. Hungarian Cherry of Zwerts. 3. Parkinson Par. Ter. 574. 1629. 4. Rea Flora 206. 1676. Although there seems to be a discrepancy in the size of the cherry mentioned by Parkinson and Rea and the one described by Hogg, all three writers undoubtedly referred to the same sort. While the first two references describe the variety as exceptionally large no definite statements are made, thus giving strength to the following description made by Hogg many years later. Tree productive; fruit rather below medium in size, obtuse-cordate; skin amber, mottled with red on the sunny side; flesh white, half-tender, mildly sweet; quality fair; stone large, ovate; ripens in July. Hyde Late Black. P. avium. 1. Cole Am. Fr. Book 237. 1849. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 262. 1857. This variety originated with T. & G. Hyde, Newton, Massachusetts. Tree strong in growth, productive; fruit medium in size, obtuse-cordate, purplish-black; flesh half-firm, melting, juicy; resembles Eagle but is later. Hyde Red Heart. P. avium. 1. Mag. Hort. 8:284. 1842. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 175. 1845. Hyde's Seedling. 3. Cole Am. Fr. Book 232. 1849. Another seedling from T. & G. Hyde, Newton, Massachusetts. Tree vigorous, hardy, spreading, productive; fruit of medium size, cordate; stem short; skin pale yellow, becoming lively red; flesh tender, with a pleasant sprightliness, juicy; season early July. Imperial Morello. P. cerasus. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 279. 1857. Poitou griotte. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:148. 1832. Imperial. 3. Elliott Fr. Book 209. 1854. Griotte Impériale. 4. Thomas Guide Prat. 17, 195. 1876. 5. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 17:9. 1892. Griotte à Courte Queue. 6. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:284 fig., 285. 1877. Guindoux du Poitou. 7. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:113, 114, fig. 57. 1882. Kaiserliche Weichsel. 8. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 364. 1889. An old variety recently introduced into the Northwest where it has proved very hardy. Tree small, low-headed, productive, bears early; fruit medium to large, roundish-oval; stem very short, shallowly inserted; skin very dark red; flesh tender, juicy, pleasantly acid when ripe; pit small, long, pointed; ripens the middle of July. Incomparable en Beauté. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. Listed in the reference given. Intorka. P. cerasus. 1. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 667. 1897. Intorka is an importation from Russia. Fruit of medium size, round, yellow and red; flesh firm, yellowish, subacid.

Jaune de Prusse. P. avium. 1. McIntosh Bk. Gard. 2:544. 1855. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 466. 1869. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:93, 94, fig. 47. 1882. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small, obtuse-cordate; stem long, slender, inserted in a narrow cavity; skin firm, light yellow, translucent; flesh yellowish-white, tender, juicy, sweet but slightly bitter before it is fully ripe; pit large for the size of the fruit; ripens after Downer. Jean Arendsen. Species? 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:37. 1771. According to Knoop, it closely resembles the round Pragische Muskateller in both form and color but is not as good in quality. Jenkin Black Heart. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 47. 1831. Mentioned without description. Jerusalem Kirsche von der Natte. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:153, 154. 1882. Flowers and leaves only are described. Jerusalemskirsche. P. cerasus. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 557-561. 1819. Späte Königliche Weichsel. 2. Kraft Pom. Aust. 1:8, Tab. 19 fig. 2. 1792. 3. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 561-563. 1819. Späte grosse königliche Weichsel. 4. Christ Handb. 683. 1797. Pyramidenkirsche. 5. Christ Wörterb. 291. 1802. Pyramidenweichsel. 6. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 529-531. 1819. The origin of this old variety is unknown but it was chiefly grown in Germany. Tree unproductive; fruit large, oval, with a shallow suture; stem long, set in a shallow cavity; skin dark red, changing to black, glossy; flesh moderately firm, juicy, pleasing subacid; pit large, walnut-shaped, clinging; ripens the last of July in Germany. Jocosot. P. avium. 1. Mag. Hort. 19:167, 168, 404. 1853. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 197 fig. 1854. Jockotos. 3. Hooper W. Fr. Book 270. 1857. Jocosot was raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio, in 1842, from a pit of the Yellow Spanish and named after an Indian chief. Tree thrifty, round-topped, productive; fruit large, regular, obtuse-cordate, indented at the apex, sides compressed; suture broad; stem long, set in a cavity of medium size; skin glossy, of a dark-liver color, almost black; flesh tender, with indistinct radiating lines, juicy, sweet; pit below medium in size, smooth; ripens the last of June. Joel Keil Kleine Schwarze Herzkirsche. P. avium. 1. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:22. 1858. Fruit small, roundish-cordate; suture indistinct; stem long, slender, shallowly inserted; skin black; flesh rather firm, sweet, juicy, colored; pit oval, clinging; ripens the middle of July to the middle of August. June Amarelle. P. cerasus. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 330. 1885. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 73:72. 1903. Cerisier juniat. 3. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 649, 650, 691. 1819. Junius Amarelle. 4. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:70. 1858. Juniat Amarelle. 5. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:159. 1882. 6. Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 328. 1888. 7. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:243. 1898-99. June Morello. 8. Ia. Sta. Bul. 19:548. 1892.

Truchsess refers to this cherry as having been described by Sickler in 1805. Budd, in his importations of 1883, from Russia, included this variety. Tree of medium size, vigorous, rather unproductive; fruit above medium in size, roundish-oblate; stem stout, of medium length; suture indistinct; skin thin, rather tough, separating readily from the pulp, light red; flesh firm, meaty, yellowish, juicy; flavor subacid; quality fair; stone of medium size, somewhat round; season that of Early Richmond which it resembles in size, flavor and color. June Duke. P. avium × P. cerasus. 1. Hooper W. Fr. Book 269. 1857. Shippen. 2. Coxe Cult. Fr. Trees 248. 1817. A tart variety similar to May Duke, known about Philadelphia as Shippen and Wetherill. Tree vigorous; fruit large and pleasing; ripens late in June. Justinische Morello. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Wörterb. 291. 1802. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 523, 524. 1819. Justinische Amarelle. 3. Christ Handb. 683. 1797. This variety is separated from other Sour Cherries ripening with it, through its firm flesh, its straight, shallowly set stem and its astringent, sour flavor. Fruit of medium size, roundish, sides broadly compressed; stem of medium length, rather stout; suture shallow; skin tough, brownish-red; flesh dark red, with clear red juice. Kamdesa. P. pumila × P. persica. 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 108:1908. Noted in the reference as a cross between the Sand Cherry and the Opulent peach. "The blossoms show a tendency to double." Kappenblättrige Süssweichsel. P. avium × P. cerasus. 1. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:47. 1858. Distinguished from May Duke through its smaller fruit and rolled leaves. Kassin Frühe Herzkirsche. P. avium. 1. Lauche Ergänzungsband 601. 1883. 2. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:60. 1900. Kassin, a vineyardist, in Potsdam, Prussia, Germany, raised this sort from seed. Fruit large, obtuse-cordate, sides compressed; suture indistinct; stem of medium length, thick, set in a small cavity; skin dark brown changing to reddish-black, dotted; flesh dark, juicy, sweet; excellent; stone roundish-oval; ripens the first week of the season. Katie. (P. avium × P. cerasus) × P. avium. 1. Am. Hort. An. 86 fig. 1869. Katie is a seedling of Louis Philippe crossed with a Mazzard. The tree has the Mazzard habit of growth, yet produces fruit resembling May Duke in form and size but deeper in color; flesh tender; matures with Downer. Kaufmann. P. cerasus. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 345. 1906. Kaufmann is a stray seedling of English Morello from Minnesota. It is larger and a little longer in stem than the supposed parent and ripens with the last of the Early Richmond. Kazan Seedling. Species? 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:240. 1898-99. Listed in the reference given. Kelly. P. avium. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 253. 1903. A Sweet Cherry from Berrien County, Michigan.

Kennicott. P. avium. 1. Elliott Fr. Book 210 fig. 1854. Kennicott was raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland and named by Elliott after Dr. J. A. Kennicott of Northfield, Illinois. Tree vigorous, hardy, spreading, productive; fruit large, oval-cordate, compressed; suture shallow; stem short, inserted in an irregular cavity; skin amber-yellow, mottled with bright, clear, glossy red; flesh yellowish-white, firm, juicy, sweet; pit below medium in size, smooth; ripens about the middle of July. Kentish Drier. P. cerasus. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. A medium-sized, red cherry of first quality used for culinary purposes; ripening in July. Confused by some with Early Richmond. Kentish Preserve. Species? 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. Listed without a description. Keokuk. P. avium. 1. Mag. Hort. 19:167, 168. 1853. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 210 fig. 1854. Keokuk is another seedling raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio, from a pit of Yellow Spanish, probably crossed with Black Tartarian, Black Mazzard, or May Duke. Tree vigorous, strong; fruit large, cordate; stem stout; skin dark purplish-black; flesh half-tender, purple, rather coarse; deficient in flavor; pit of medium size; season early in July. Kesterter Früh Kirsche. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 364. 1889. Listed in the reference given. King George the Second. P. avium. 1. Brookshaw Pom. Brit. Pl. 6. 1817. 2. Brookshaw Hort. Reposit. 1:3, Pl. II fig. 1. 1823. This variety is distinguished from other black cherries by its uneven surface. Fruit large, with a rich, sweet flavor; ripens the first of June and hangs for six weeks. King Morello. P. cerasus. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 78. 1890. 2. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:60. 1900. 3. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 2:277. 1903. King Morello is another of Budd's importations from Russia. Tree very hardy, moderate in growth; fruit large, oblate; stem variable; skin dark red; flesh yellowish-white, firm, sprightly, juicy, good; pit very small; ripens with Early Richmond. Kirsche von Basel. P. avium. 1. Ill. Handb. 19 fig., 20. 1867. Jahn, in his Handbuch, calls attention to the error in calling this variety Bigarreau Hâtif de Bale as it is not a Bigarreau but a variegated Heart. Fruit compressed unevenly giving it a cordate appearance, small; suture shallow; apex slightly depressed; stem long, slender, set in a shallow cavity; skin thin, bright yellow washed with pale red, mottled and streaked; flesh pale yellow, soft, with abundant, uncolored juice, pleasing but not high in quality; stone large, roundish, slightly pointed; ripens the middle of July. Kirchheimer. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Wörterb. 290. 1802. 2. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 549. 1901. Kirchheimer Weichsel. 3. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 580-583. 1819. 4. Ill. Handb. 85 fig., 86. 1867. This old cherry is from Kirchheim, Erfurt, Prussia, Germany. It is propagated by root cuttings and is used for wine and for canning. It is mentioned as growing in British Columbia but is otherwise not spoken of by American writers. Tree large, vigorous,

drooping; fruit of medium size, round; suture a line; stem long, slender, shallowly inserted; skin thin, glossy, almost black when ripe; flesh mild subacid, pleasing, juicy; stone small, oval, turgid; ripens at the end of July. Kirtland Morello. P. cerasus. 1. Horticulturist 22:292, 293 fig. 1867. Kirtland's Large Morello. 2. Horticulturist N. S. 3:123. 1853. Large Morello. 3. Elliott Fr. Book 210. 1854. A seedling originated by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio; it thrives in sections of the south and west where Sweet Cherries are generally unsuccessful. Tree vigorous, spreading; fruit uniformly distributed, borne in pairs, large, uniform, roundish; stem short; cavity round, narrow; skin glossy, dark red; flesh tender, juicy, acid; high quality; pit small; ripens early in July. Kleindienst Braune Knorpel. P. avium. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 365. 1889. Bigarreau Brun Kleindienst. 2. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:184, 185 fig. 1877. Leroy, in 1866, stated that this variety was raised from seed by M. Kleindienst, a vineyardist at Guben, Prussia, Germany. Tree moderately productive; fruit usually borne in pairs, large, cordate, flattened; stem long, moderately stout; skin vivid red, changing from grayish-red to almost black; flesh of a whitish-rose color, firm, filamentose, juicy, sugary, acidulated, aromatic; first quality; pit large, ovoid; ripens the last of June. Kleine Amarelle. P. cerasus. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 644-646. 1819. Truchsess states that this variety was described by Büttner in 1797, as Kleine Glaskirsche but that it belongs to the Amarelles. Tree productive; fruit small, globular, pale reddish-yellow; flesh melting, watery; ripens the middle of July. Kleine Bunte Frühkirsche. P. avium. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 248-251. 1819. Bigarreau à petit fruit rouge hâtif. 2. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 1:166, 167. 1768. 3. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 47. 1831. Bigarreautier à petit fruit rouge. 4. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 308-310. 1819. Bigarreau rouge hâtif (petit). 5. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:243 fig., 244. 1877. Petit Bigarreau Hâtif? 6. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:105, 106, fig. 53. 1882. Fruit of medium size, usually attached in pairs, irregular, cordate, flattened on both faces; stem long, slender; skin almost wholly red, occasionally showing streaks of yellow; flesh yellowish, firm, juicy, aromatic; pit of medium size, ovoid; ripens about the middle of June. Kleine Bunte Herzkirsche. P. avium. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 219-222. 1819. Kleine bunte Molkenkirsche. 2. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:28. 1858. Fruit small, nearly round, sides compressed; suture distinct; stem long, slender, deeply inserted; skin dull blood-red, with yellow spots; flesh tender, pale yellow, juicy, honey sweet; stone small; ripens at the end of June. Kleine Frühe Amarelle. P. cerasus. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 650-652. 1819. Fruit small, round, flattened; stem short; suture a line; skin clear red, transparent, tender; flesh tender, pleasant subacid; stone small, adhering more to the stem than to the flesh; ripens the last half of July. Kleine Natte. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 365. 1889. Listed in the reference given.

Kleine Nonnenkirsche. P. cerasus. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort 585-588. 1819. 2. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:65, 66. 1858. This variety is a seedling of the common wild Sour Cherry. The fruit is the smallest of the Sour Cherries and resembles the black Bird cherries but has a shorter stem. Tree of medium size, drooping; fruit very small, oblate; stem short, shallowly inserted; skin glossy, black, thin but tough; flesh firm, tender, juicy, with a peculiar sourness; stone small, round, adhering to the flesh more than to the stem, stained violet; ripens early in August continuing for three weeks. Kleine Schwarze Frühe Herzkirsche. P. avium. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 155, 156. 1819. 2. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:20. 1858. No doubt this variety, the Kleine Schwarze Herzkirsche, and the Black Heart greatly resemble each other and some writers combine them. Kleine Schwarze Herzkirsche. P. avium. 1. Christ Wörterb. 275. 1802. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 148, 149. 1819. Mayer's kleine schwarze Herzkirsche. 3. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:22. 1858. This variety is distinguished from the Grosse Schwarze Herzkirsche only through its size and later ripening; fruit regular, cordate, somewhat flattened; skin brownish-black; flesh soft, tender; ripens the latter part of July. Kleine Schwarze Knorpelkirsche. P. avium. 1. Christ Wörterb. 277. 1802. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 195-197, 674. 1819. Distinguished from others of its class through its smallness and firmness. Fruit small, variable, flattened at the ends; suture often lacking; skin very dark brown; flesh firm, dark red, juicy, not unpleasant but not excellent; stone small; ripens early in August; productive. Kleine Weisse Frühkirsche. P. avium. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 256-258. 1819. 2. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:27. 1858. Described as one of the first to ripen. Fruit of medium size, oblate, compressed; stem long, inserted in a shallow basin; skin tough, yellowish-white, shaded with red; flesh tender, juicy, sweet; ripens early in June. Kleiner Früher May Herzkirschbaum. P. avium. 1. Kraft Pom. Aust. 1:1, Tab. 2 fig. 1. 1792. Distinguished from the Grosser Früher Mai-Herzkirschbaum by its inferior size and lighter flesh and juice; ripens at the end of May. Knapp. Species? 1. Wickson Cal. Fruits 290. 1889. This cherry is a seedling from George Knapp, Lafayette, Oregon; introduced by E. R. Poppleton, 1885; fruit of medium size, round, black. Knight Late Black. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. 2. Mag. Hort. 9:204. 1843. Bigarreau-noir de Knight. 3. Thomas Guide Prat. 20, 190. 1876. Fruit large, black, obtuse-cordate, firm; second quality; ripens at the end of July. Knudson. P. avium × P. cerasus. According to a letter from the Utah Experiment Station, this variety was discovered by William O. Knudson, Brigham City, Utah, in 1896. Although similar to Late Duke,

further testing may prove it distinct. Tree bears early, hardy; fruit medium to large, bright scarlet; ripens over a long period; used for pies and canning. Knyasnaia Sjevera. P. cerasus × P. avium. 1. S. P. I. Bul. 72:519. 1912. 2. Ibid. 73:536 Pl. 1912. This is a large-fruited cherry, originated in 1888 by the Russian plant-breeder, I. V. Mijurin, at Kozlov, Central Russia, and named "Knyasnaia Sjevera," meaning "Queen of the North." The United States Department of Agriculture introduced it into this country under the number 32674. It is claimed to be a hybrid between an early Vladimir and a variety of Sweet Cherry called "White Winkler." It possesses excellent shipping and keeping qualities. This cherry has stood the severe winters of Central Russia very well and may be expected to thrive in parts of the Middle West and where the climate is more or less semi-arid. Tree vigorous, upright, with few side branches; trunk smooth and clean; fruit large, pale red, with a fresh sour-sweet flavor; ripening about the end of June. Koch Späte Schwarze Knorpelkirsche. P. avium. 1. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:38. 1858. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 365. 1889. Originated about 1851. Fruit large, obtuse-cordate; suture shallow; stem medium long, shallowly inserted; skin glossy, black; flesh firm, piquant; quality high; stone small, roundish-oval; ripens at the end of August. Kochs Ostheimer Weichsel. P. cerasus. 1. Proskauer Obstsort. 59. 1907. Kochs verbesserte Ostheimer Weichsel. 2. Reut. Pom. Inst. Festschrift 122. 1910. A strong-growing, productive variety, said to exceed its parent, Ostheim, in size, color, and flavor. Koeper. Species? 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 341. 1893. Listed in the reference given. Kolaki. P. avium. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:29, 30, fig. 15. 1882. According to Oberdieck, this variety is of Bohemian origin. Fruit of medium size, cordate, slightly elongated; apex obtuse; suture distinct; stem medium long, slender, set in a narrow, shallow cavity; skin moderately firm, transparent, yellow in the sun, purplish in the shade; flesh tinged yellow, tender, juicy, somewhat sugary; first quality; pit small, oval, flattened at the base, obtuse at the apex; ripens the first of June. Korkovanyer Kirsche. Species? 1. Proskauer Obstsort. 56. 1907. Listed but not described. Koslov. P. cerasus. 1. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 2:278. 1903. Koslov bush Morello. 2. Can. Hort. 12:216, fig. 58, 218. 1889. Koslov-Morello. 3. Del. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:128. 1900. The Koslov cherries are seedlings, not a single variety. A number of seedlings were imported by the Ontario Fruit Growers' Association in 1889, from Koslov, Crimea, Russia, where they were grown by Russian peasants, being propagated from pits. The trees are low, bush-shaped, slow in coming into bearing and most of the fruit is worthless. The one most grown is moderately large, roundish, pointed at the apex; suture barely traceable; stem long, set in a slight depression; skin dark red, turning black; flesh dark red, tender, juicy, acid; ripens from the last of July to the last of August.

Kostelnice. P. cerasus. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:19, 20, fig. 10. 1882. Originated in Neustadt, Prussia, Germany. Tree moderately vigorous; fruit medium to below in size, obtuse-cordate; stem short, set in a straight, rather deep cavity; skin tough, vivid purple changing to almost black; flesh tender, juicy, vinous, agreeably acidulated; good; stone very small, ovoid, turgid; ripens early in June. Kostelniti. Species? 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. Listed in the reference given. Kriek van den Broek. Species? 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 165, 166. 1819. This variety, coming to Truchsess in 1808, from Holland, was confused with several others received at the same time. Kritzendorfer Einsiedekirsche. Species? 1. Obstzüchter 8:52. 1910. An intensely black, large, late cherry which is valued for market because of its color. Kronberger Kirsche. P. avium. 1. Christ Wörterb. 274. 1802. Kronkirsche. 2. Christ Handb. 663. 1797. Kronberg Black Heart. 3. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 124-126. 1819. 4. Mag. Hort. 9:203. 1843. Kronberger Herzkirsche. 5. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 48. 1831. Wildling von Kronberg. 6. Ill. Handb. 29 fig., 30. 1867. Bigarreau de Kronberg. 7. Guide Prat. 15, 182. 1895. According to German pomologists, this variety was raised from seed at Kronberg, Prussia, Germany. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, obtuse-cordate, sides unevenly compressed; suture indistinct; stem long, stout, set in a shallow cavity; skin tough, glossy, black when mature, lighter along the suture; flesh firmer than others of its class, dark red, aromatic, sweet; pit broadly cordate, somewhat adherent; ripens at the end of June. Kronprinz von Hannover. P. avium. 1. Ill. Handb. 479 fig., 480. 1861. Prince Royal du Hanovre. 2. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:302. 1866. Bigarreau Prince Royal de Hanovre. 3. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:232 fig. 1877. Prince de Hanovre. 4. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:43, 44, fig. 22. 1882. Grown by M. Lieke, a nurseryman at Hildesheim, Prussia, Germany, fruiting for the first time in 1854. Tree moderately vigorous, productive; fruit large, usually attached in pairs, roundish to pointed-cordate; suture shallow; stem long, slender, inserted in a rather deep cavity; skin rather tender, glossy, yellowish, streaked and mottled with red; flesh firm, yellowish, juicy, pleasingly acidulated; pit medium large, ovate, plump; ripens early in June. Krüger Herzkirsche. P. avium. 1. Ill. Handb. 67 fig., 68. 1860. Krügers schwarze Herzkirsche. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 161, 162. 1819. Krügers Herzkirsche zu Frankfurt. 3. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 52. 1831. Guigne de Kruger. 4. Thomas Guide Prat. 18, 198. 1876. 5. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:77, 78, fig. 39. 1882. This cherry was first heard of at Guben, Prussia, Germany, in 1810. It is distinguished from Eagle in being larger, shorter stemmed, lighter in color, and less tender in flesh. Tree vigorous, productive, upright; fruit large, obtuse-cordate, oblate; suture shallow; stem medium long, rather deeply inserted; skin dark brown or black; flesh dark

red, juicy, vinous, tender, yet often firm; stone small, roundish-oval, plump, adhering slightly to the flesh on one side; ripens about the middle of July. La Nappe. Species? 1. Proskauer Obstsort. 59. 1907. Listed in this reference. Lacure (Large). P. avium. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 572. 1629. "The great Lacure or Hart Cherrie differeth not in forme, but in greatnesse, being usually twice as great as the former [Lacure (Small)], and of a reddish blacke colour also: both of them are of a firme substance, and reasonable sweete. Some doe call the white cherrie, the White hart cherrie." Lacure (Small). P. avium. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 572. 1629. "The smaller Lacure or Hart Cherrie is a reasonable faire Cherrie, full above, and a little pointing downward, after the fashion of a heart, as it is usually pointed, blackish when it is full ripe, and lesser than the next" [Lacure (Large)]. Ladé Late. P. avium. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:60. 1900. Von Lade's Späte Knorpelkirsche. 2. Lauche Ergänzungsband 605. 1883. Bigarreau Tardif de Ladé. 3. Guide Prat. 15, 184. 1895. A German variety probably raised from seed by M. Ladé. Fruit of medium size, long, cordate, compressed at the stem, roundish at the apex; suture indistinct; stem long, thin, slightly curved; cavity shallow; skin yellowish overspread with glossy light red, darker in the sun, faintly streaked; flesh firm, yellowish, sweet, vinous; excellent; stone long, oval; ripens in September lasting a month; productive. Lady of the Lake. P. avium. 1. Country Gent. 28:398. 1866-67. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 467. 1869. Lady of the Lake is a seedling from Charles Pease, Cleveland, Ohio. Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, productive; fruit medium to large, roundish-obtuse-conic, compressed, with a shallow suture; stem medium, inserted in a deep cavity; skin light yellow, shaded and mottled with bright crimson; flesh half-tender, pale yellow, juicy, sweet, rich; season according to the climate, early May to late June. Lady Southampton. P. avium. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 69, 85. 1866. Lady Southampton's Yellow. 2. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 53. 1831. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 187. 1845. According to the reference, this is an almost worthless yellow Bigarreau. Fruit of medium size, heart-shaped; skin yellow; flesh pale, firm, rather dry, with uncolored juice, season the middle of July. Laeder Kirsebaer. Species? 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 53. 1831. Mentioned but not described. Lake. P. avium. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 26. 1909. Lake was named in honor of Professor E. R. Lake, then of the Oregon Agricultural College, by the originator, C. E. Hoskins, Springbrook, Oregon. The tree came into bearing about 1892 and is reported in the American Pomological Society's fruit list of 1909 as succeeding well in the northwest. Fruit large, sweet, and very good. Laker or Loker Bunte Knorpelkirsche. P. avium. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:161. 1882. Listed in the reference given.

Lamaurie. P. avium. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 177:31. 1899. Early Lamaurie. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 461. 1869. 3. Wickson Cal. Fruits 286, 291. 1889. The chief asset of this variety is its earliness for which it is cultivated in England, France and America. The parentage and originator are unknown. Tree of medium vigor and productiveness; fruit large, roundish-cordate, compressed; stem slender; skin thin, moderately tough; color dark reddish-purple; flesh dark red, juicy, stringy, tender, mild, sweet; of very good quality; season very early. Lampen Schwarze Knorpelkirsche. P. avium. 1. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 204, 205, 676. 1819. Lampers Knorpel-Kirsche. 2. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 53. 1831. Bigarreau noir de Lampé. 3. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:302. 1866. 4. Thomas Guide Prat. 20, 190. 1876. 5. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:226 fig., 227, 352. 1877. A German cherry raised from seed at Guben, Prussia, Germany, in 1810, and named for its originator. Fruit above medium in size, attached in twos and threes, obtuse-cordate; stem slender, set in a wide, shallow cavity; skin thin, rather dark reddish-brown; flesh dark red, rather firm, juicy, sugary, wine-like; second quality; pit large, oval; ripens early in June. Lancaster. P. cerasus. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 3rd App. 163. 1881. 2. Del. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:111. 1900. Lancaster is an accidental seedling on the grounds of Daniel Smeych, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Tree moderately vigorous, more open and spreading than Early Richmond; fruit medium large, heart-shaped to oblate, slightly roundish; cavity deep, broad; stem long, slender; suture very slight; apex small; skin light red, very thin, tender; flesh white, moderately soft, juicy, sweet with a sprightly flavor; stone roundish, slightly ovate, partially free; season June. Langsurer Prachtweichsel. Species? 1. Proskauer Obstsort. 59. 1907. Mentioned in this reference. Large Black Gean. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 50. 1831. A medium-sized, firm, black Heart cherry of poor quality, ripening early in July. Large Double Flowering. P. avium. 1. Thacher Am. Orch. 217. 1822. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:111. 1832. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 199. 1845. Merisziere. 4. Rea Flora 20. 1676. Merise à Fleur Double. 5. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 1:157. 1768. 6. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 53. 1831. Kramelkirschenbaum mit gross gefüllter Blüthe. 7. Kraft Pom. Aust. 1:4, Tab. 8. 1792. Herzkirschenbaum mit grosse gefüllter Blüthe. 8. Christ Handb. 668. 1797. Süsskirschenbaum mit ganz gefüllter Blüte. 9. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 363-370. 1819. Gefülltblühende Süsskirsche. 10. Dochnahl Führ. Obstkunde 3:18. 1858. This variety in growth and foliage resembles the Mazzard and Black Heart and not the common double-flowering cherry with its small tree and small, pointed leaves. The

flowers which appear at the usual season are produced in the most showy profusion being from one to one and one-half inches in diameter; they are composed of about forty white petals disposed in the form of a rose, with about thirty stamens and a large, abortive pistil. The numerous double flowers, resembling clusters of small, white roses, make the tree a very useful ornamental. Large Griotte. P. cerasus. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:148. 1832. Large Griotte resembles Griotte Commune but is larger and earlier; skin glossy black; flesh dark red, firm, sweet, pleasing. Large Guindolle. Species? 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:149, 150. 1832. Leaves are deeply indented, double-toothed; fruit large, flattened at the ends, pale red; flesh white, melting, juicy; ripens at the end of June or beginning of July. Large Heart-shaped Bigarreau. P. avium. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:129. 1832. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 199 fig. 1854. Bigarreau Gros Monstrueux. 3. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 46. 1831. Bigarreau Gros Coeuret. 4. Ibid. 46. 1831. 5. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 453. 1869. Monstrous Heart. 6. Hogg Fruit Man. 78, 87. 1866. A variety of French origin which was never extensively grown in America. Tree strong, vigorous, productive; fruit large, roundish-cordate; suture often raised; stem variable, set in a shallow cavity; skin dark, glossy red, nearly black, surface uneven; flesh firm but tender, reddish, pleasant, moderately juicy; good in quality; stone large, oval; ripens the first of July. Large Late Red Bigarreau. P. avium. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:128, 129. 1832. Bigarreau à gros Fruit Rouge Tardif. 2. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 46. 1831. The fruit is somewhat smaller and much later in maturity than that of the Large Red Bigarreau. The color is dark red on the shaded side and on the other a brownish-red, almost black which has given it the name Black Bigarreau; flesh firm, juicy and of excellent flavor. Large Spanish. Species? 1. Miller Gard. Dict. 1:1754. Mentioned in the reference given. Laroses Glaskirsche. P. cerasus. 1. Ill. Handb. 177 fig., 178. 1860. Larose. 2. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:352 fig., 353. 1877. This cherry was raised from seed in 1826 by M. Larose, of Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit usually borne in pairs, large, obtuse-cordate; sides compressed; suture shallow; stem medium in length, set in a large, deep cavity; skin glossy, tough, mottled with pale red becoming darker; flesh yellowish, tender, slightly fibrous, juicy, mildly acid; pit rather large, plump, oval, flattened at the base; ripens the last of July. Late Bigarreau. P. avium. 1. Horticulturist 2:124. 1847-48. 2. Cole Am. Fr. Book 235. 1849. 3. Elliott Fr. Book 199. 1854. Late Bigarreau was raised in 1842 by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio. Tree vigorous, round-topped, very productive; fruit large, obtuse-cordate, occasionally somewhat angular; stem long; skin attractive yellow, occasionally nearly overspread with crimson-red, delicately blotched or mottled; flesh yellowish, with distinct radiating lines,

juicy, firm, crisp, sweet, pleasant; very good in quality; stone rather small, roundish; season late, the same as Downer. Late Black Bigarreau. P. avium. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:130. 1832. 2. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:112 fig. 25, 113, 114. 1866. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 338. 1889. This variety differs from Black Bigarreau in being smaller, less heart-shaped, and in ripening later. It was first known as Bigarreau Noir Tardif but Prince, in 1832, at which time he possibly brought it to America, translated the name into English and called it Late Black Bigarreau under which name it is now known in English and American pomologies. Tree large, vigorous, upright, productive; fruit medium to large, cordate; suture indistinct; color dark brownish-red changing to glossy black; flesh purplish-red, with abundant, highly colored juice, very firm, crisp, sweet yet sprightly, aromatic; quality good; ripens in mid-season or later. Late Gean. P. avium. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 50. 1831. According to the reference, this is a small, black Heart of poor quality ripening early in July. Late Large Black Griotte. P. cerasus. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:145, 146. 1832. Worthy of consideration because of its beauty and lateness, often remaining on the tree until October. Tree of medium size; branches numerous, slender; fruit large, roundish; stem very long; skin dark red, nearly black; flesh red, very acid and bitter, somewhat milder at maturity. Late Purple Guigne. P. avium. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 69, 85. 1866. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 468. 1869. 3. Thomas Guide Prat. 24. 1876. A large, dark red, German variety ripening the latter part of July; flesh firm, juicy, agreeable. Late Richmond. P. cerasus. 1. Del. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:111. 1900. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 73:73. 1903. The origin of this variety is uncertain but it seems to have been grown in the Middle West about forty years ago. It is supposed to be a seedling of Early Richmond differing from its parent in ripening later, being of better quality, and more upright in growth. Fruit round, conical; stem thick, moderately long; cavity shallow, broad; skin thin; flesh tender, with abundant, colorless juice, acid; quality good; ripens a week or ten days later than Early Richmond; unproductive. Late Ripe. P. cerasus. 1. Gerarde Herball 1504, 1505, fig. 5. 1636. According to Gerarde, this cherry is similar to the wild English cherry in branches and foliage but the flowers are often doubled; fruit small, round, dark red, often dried with the stems on; used by physicians. Late White Guigne. P. avium. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:113. 1832. Fruit nearly round, with a deep suture; skin whitish or very pale amber, tinged with light red; flesh firm, agreeable; ripens in France in September. Latham. Species? 1. Ont. Sta. An. Rpt. 3:45. 1896. Listed as having been grown at the Simcoe Station. Laura. P. avium. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 468. 1869. Laura originated with Charles Pease, Cleveland, Ohio. Tree spreading, upright,

productive; fruit medium to large, heart-shaped, globular, often one-sided; stem medium, inserted in a shallow depression; skin pale yellow, largely overspread with rich, bright red; flesh white, juicy, sweet, rich, half-tender; pit medium to small; ripens early in June and hangs well. Leather Stocking. P. avium. 1. Mag. Hort. 19:167, 168. 1853. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 211, 212. 1854. Leather Stocking was grown by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio, in 1842, from a pit of Yellow Spanish. Tree vigorous, hardy, moderately productive; fruit large, heart-shaped, often obtuse; skin faint red becoming a rich reddish-black when fully ripe, with irregular stripes and blotches of black; cavity deep, open; flesh firm, tinged with red, sweet, fair; pit of medium size; season the last of July. Leib. P. avium. 1. Gard. Mon. 14:28. 1872. 2. Horticulturist 29:256. 1874. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 3rd App. 163. 1881. This variety was brought from Germany about 1850 and planted in the garden of a Mr. Leib, Galena, Illinois. It resembles Early Richmond and was claimed to be very productive and hardy at the time of its introduction; it has not been widely disseminated. Tree hardy, healthy, upright in growth, bearing abundantly; fruit of a crimson color, sweet; quality good; season the end of June, following Early Richmond. Leitzkauer. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Wörterb. 287. 1802. Sauer Einmach and Backkirsche. 2. Krünitz Enc. 73, 74. 1790. Leitzkauer Einmachweichsel. 3. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 567-569. 1819. No doubt the name of this cherry arises from the cloister, Leitzkau, in Magdeburg, Prussia, Germany, where it is widely planted. It is propagated by root cuttings and if not pruned, grows tall, weak and drooping. Fruit medium to small, roundish; stem long; skin dark brown to glossy black; flesh reddish, juicy, sour; stone small, red; ripens in August; of little value. Lemercier. P. avium × P. cerasus. 1. Hort. Reg. (Am.) 1:343, 344. 1835. 2. Mag. Hort. 13:399 fig., 400. 1847. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 85. 1866. 4. Thomas Guide Prat. 25. 1876. 5. Leroy Dict. Pom. 5:353, 354 fig. 1877. Frühe Lemercier. 6. Ill. Handb. 157 fig., 158. 1860. Discovered by M. Lemercier in Brabant, Belgium, about 1830; introduced into Paris in 1835 and into America in 1842. It resembles Late Duke with which it ripens. Fruit large, obtuse-cordate; suture shallow; stem long, inserted in a wide, deep cavity; skin glossy, transparent, mottled with red; flesh yellowish before ripe, becoming red, firm but melting, juicy, slightly acidulated, with a peculiar fragrance; stone rather large, roundish, truncate at the base, slightly clinging; ripens the last of July. Léopold (II). Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 367. 1889. Mentioned but not described. Leopoldskirsche. P. cerasus. 1. Christ Handb. 674. 1797. 2. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 564-566. 1819. Griotte de Léopold. 3. Thomas Guide Prat. 26, 195. 1876. This variety was received by Truchsess in 1796 from Pastor Winter as Brusseler Bruyn by which name it was called by a few German pomologists. It should not be confused

with the present Brusseler Braune. Fruit large, almost round, compressed on one side; skin dark brown changing to nearly black; flesh dark red, juicy, melting, mild when mature; stone almost round; ripens toward the end of July. The drooping branches, the small, sour cherry leaves which turn yellow and drop and the sweetness in flavor separate it from the Grosse Morelle. Leschken (Leschke's) Schwarze Knorpel Kirsche. P. avium. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 367. 1889. Mentioned in the reference given. Lethe. P. avium. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 40. 1895. Lethe was grown by C. E. Hoskins, Springbrook, Oregon. Fruit of the Bigarreau type, large, heart-shaped, surface smooth, glossy; cavity medium in size and depth, irregular, flaring, marked by irregular waves; suture shallow; stem very long, slender, curved; skin thin, tenacious, purplish-black; dots minute, indented; flesh very dark purplish-red, firm, meaty, juicy, mild subacid, almost sweet; quality good; pit large, oval, semi-clinging; ripens the last of June in Oregon. Liefeld Braune. P. avium. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 367. 1889. Guigne brune de Liefeld. 2. Guide Prat. 6, 191. 1895. Tree of medium size, very vigorous and productive; fruit large, cordate, brownish, mottled; flesh red, sweet; of first quality; matures early in June. Lieke Bunte Knorpelkirsche. P. avium. 1. Ill. Handb. 61 fig., 62. 1867. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 367. 1889. Bigarreau Tardi de Lieke. 3. Thomas Guide Prat. 21, 190. 1876. Originated with Herr Lieke of Hildesheim, Prussia, Germany, fruiting for the first time in 1851. The fruit is one of the latest to ripen; large, obtuse-cordate, compressed; stem long, slender, inserted in a rather wide, deep cavity; suture indistinct; skin glossy, tough, yellow, streaked and spotted with a mild red; flesh faintly yellow, firm, sweet with a pleasing sourness; stone small, oval; season late. Lincoln (I). P. avium. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 468. 1869. Lincoln is a vigorous, spreading variety, found near Cleveland, Ohio. Fruit large, oblong-cordate, pointed; suture broad, shallow; stem long; cavity deep; skin dark brown when ripe; flesh firm, veined and mottled with shades of red, juicy, sprightly, sweet, pleasant; pit above medium in size; season the first to the middle of July. Lincoln (II). P. avium. 1. Wickson Cal. Fruits 289. 1889. 2. Wash. Sta. Bul. 92:29. 1910. Seth Lewelling of Milwaukee, Oregon, raised this variety in 1865 probably from a seed of Eagle. Tree large, spreading, with an open top, seriously affected with black aphis; fruit of medium size, roundish-cordate; skin very dark, thick, tough; stem short; flesh firm, deep red, juicy; good quality; pit small, round. Lindley. P. avium. 1. Elliott Fr. Book 211. 1854. Lindley was raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland from seeds given him by M. Lindley, Euclid, Ohio. Tree vigorous, moderately prolific; fruit large, heart-shaped, surface uneven; skin dark purplish-red; flesh almost firm, tinged red, juicy, deficient in richness; season the first of July.