См. также Пастбищное хозяйство и сено.
GREELEY, Horace—Arrival in New York, 13-4;
own experience of the difficulties of securing a good start in life, 14;
remark of his father to, on migration toward the West, 23;
own evidence of the value of experience, 30;
is descended from several generations of tree-cutters, 44;
engaged for three years in land clearing, 44;
reference to Amherst, N. H., his birthplace, 52;
description of his farm, 62;
ее осушение, 63-8;
наблюдения в Италии, 74-6;
опыты по орошению, 76-7;
observations in Virginia, 80;
опыт вспашки своего участка в городе Нью-Йорк, 87-8;
tries deep plowing, 88;
plowing of the hill-sides on his farm, 94;
benefits thereof, 94;
judges that the gravelly hill-sides of his farm would repay applying 200 tons per acre of pure clay, 108;
experience of guano, 121;
raising locust from seed, 134;
hay product of his farm, 151;
helps in hay-making from swamps, 152;
hoed corn in his boyhood, 162;
observations on the corn-fields of the Mississippi valley, 163;
observations at Chicago twenty-three years ago, 164;
finds potatoes less prolific on his farm than in New Hampshire, 173;
speaks as a journalist's and farmer's calling, 187;
observations in Warren county, N. Y., 191;
the stone wall on his farm, 218;
experience of agricultural exhibitions, 225;
the plowing on his farm, 281;
mentions the sale of his apples as an illustration of the imperfect means of exchanging farm products, 298.
GREELEY, the city of, 262.
GUANO, 116, 120, 121, 192, 318.
GULF STREAM, 178.
GYPSUM, 120, 121, 122, 174, 233, 317, 318.
См. также Удобрения, коммерческие.
HARLEM RAILROAD, 62.
HAWK, the, 132.
HAY, 20, 68, 78, 95, 119, 122, 147.
Hay and Hay-making, chap. xxvi, 150;
importance of the grass crop, 150;
the portion made into hay, 150;
its quantity, 150;
the product and quality should be better, 151;
author's experience, 151;
the management of grass lands is a criterion of farming, 150;
hay-making in New England fifty years ago, 152;
too little grass-seed is now used, 152;
too little discrimination used in sowing grass seeds, 153;
the variety of good grasses will be increased, 153;
grass is cut in the average too late, 153;
последствия, 153-54;
the plea that our farmers are short-handed in the summer harvest, 154;
treatment of grass when cut, 154;
the author's anticipation of how hay-making will yet be carried on, 155;
the need for improvement in hay-making insisted on, 155;
explanation thereof, 155. Also 167, 189, 191, 211, 235, 288, 291, 306.
См. также Травы.
ЗАГОТОВКА СЕНА. См. Сено.
HEMLOCK, 19, 58, 60, 66, 223, 287, 314.
HICKORY, 53, 54, 55, 59, 135, 136, 215, 291, 314.
HIGHWAYS, 249.
HOES, 237.
HOGS, 143.
HOLLAND, 238.
HOMESTEAD LAW, 249.
HOPS, 164.
HORSES, 132;
carrots as food for, 182.
HUDSON, the, 16;
a fruit farmer on the, 16;
the valley of the, 165;
banks of the upper, 191;
the valley of the upper, 190, 191, 317.
HUMBOLDT, the river, 81.
HUMBOLDT, the, or Canada Creek, 75.
HUNGARY, 164.
ILLINOIS, State of, 37;
Northern, 163, 164;
prairies of, 164, 246, 264, 289.
INDIANA, 37, 163.
INSECTS—Insects—Birds, chap. xxii, 129;
the serious loss to farmers from insects, 129;
birds our best allies, 129;
what good they can do, 130;
ravages of insects not entirely due to the scarcity of birds, 130;
degeneracy of our plants largely causes their ravages, 130;
наблюдения губернатора Пенсильвании Пэкера по этому поводу, 130-31;
the case of wheat and other plants, 131;
a war against insects must continue for a generation, 131;
the destruction of birds, 132;
the measures to be adopted against insects, 132;
birds should be preserved, 132;
associations should be formed to do so, 132;
artificial posts, 133;
legal measures proposed, 133;
их опустошения в тауншипе Ньюкасл, округ Уэстчестер, шт. Нью-Йорк, 147-8;
caterpillars, 148;
numerous from neglect, 148;
duties of farmers and fruit growers, 149.
INTELLECT (in Agriculture)—Intellect In Agriculture, chap. xxxiii, 195;
years of rugged manual labor essential to success in hewing a farm out of the forest, 195;
value of education to the farmer, 196;
our average common schools defective in not teaching geology and chemistry, 196;
основные принципы и факты этих наук должны составлять предмет изучения для учащихся старшего класса в обычных школах, 196;
counsel to the young farmer on agricultural books, 197;
their value demonstrated, 198;
a two-hundred acre farm will be found to give ample scope, 199;
instructions regarding particular books, 199;
люди с сильнейшим умом и лучшими способностями будут привлекаться в сельское хозяйство в той мере и постольку, поскольку оно становится интеллектуальным, 199.
INTEREST, relatively high in this country, 202.
IOWA, 27, 163, 164, 168.
IRELAND, 170, 175, 289.
IRRIGATION—
Irrigation—Means and Ends, chap. xii. 74;
need of water for crops not often kept in view, 74;
наблюдения автора в Ломбардии (Италия), 74-5;
the Atlantic Slope and Irrigation, 76;
опыт автора в орошении, 76-7;
results, 76;
irrigation of New England farms, 78;
advantages that would result therefrom, 78.
Possibilities of Irrigation, chap. xiii, 79;
природные возможности для орошения
general, 79;
artesian wells on the prairies, 79;
wells in California, 80;
water as a fertilizer, 80;
страдание культур в Виргинии от недостатка орошения, 80-1;
советы фермерам по орошению, 81-2;
огромная прибыль, получаемая от орошения, 82-3;
need of irrigation in the Eastern and Middle States considered, 83;
the prairie States after 1900, 83;
common objections to irrigation, 84;
it must become general, 247;
wells will be sunk for the purpose, 247;
a steam locomotive for the purpose referred to, 247;
irrigation will become general, 247;
Western Irrigation, chap. xliv, 260;
irrigation is practicable everywhere, 260;
the portion of our country which cannot be cultivated without irrigation, 260;
its extent, 260;
its climate, 260;
it is spoken of as desert, 261;
the readiest means of irrigating the plains, 261;
their extent, 261;
the North and South Platte rivers, 261;
Union Colony, 262;
its location, 262;
location of Greeley, 262;
the first irrigating canal of Union Colony, 262;
рукава и отходящие от них канавы, 262-3;
how the water is deflected to it, 263;
the larger and longer canal, 263;
doubts at first entertained respecting the capacities of the soil, 264;
proved baseless, 264;
products of the soil, 264;
the cost of irrigation is not in excess of cultivating without it, 264;
demonstration thereof, 265;
it would pay to expend $10 per acre for irrigating New England grass lands, 266;
More of Irrigation, chap. xlvi, 274;
irrigation of places bordered by streams referred to, 274;
возможности, которые река Платт предоставляет для орошения, 274-5;
results that may be attained, 275;
the Plains, 275;
препятствия к их возделыванию, 275-6;
the change that will be yet effected, 276;
как будут орошаться равнины, 276-7;
артезианские колодцы, 277-8;
the co-operation of railroad companies anticipated, 278;
rain increases as settlements are multiplied, 278;
the permanent character of the Plains, 279;
tracts needing irrigation in the East, 279;
резюме взглядов автора на это, 315-6-7.
IRON, 242.
ITALY (Northern), 171.
KANSAS, 25, 26, 167, 249, 261, 264, 289.
KANSAS PACIFIC, the railroad, 262.
KENNEBEC, the valley of the, 165;
the river, 279.
KENTUCKY, 50.
KIT CARSON, the, 277.
LABORERS, Farm—Dearth of employment for, in winter, a great and growing evil, 303.
LAKES, the Northern, 165.
LANCASTER COUNTY, Penn., 110.
LANCASHIRE (England), 76.
ЗЕМЛЯ. См. Сельское хозяйство.
LANDS, public, 46.
LARD, 164.
LIEBIG'S agricultural chemistry, 199.
LIME, 104;
в качестве удобрения, см. Удобрения, коммерческие;
also, 104, 110, 111, 120;
oyster shell, 121, 122, 128;
use in preparing for an orchard, 142, 143, 147, 167, 174, 192, 211, 232-3, 235, 306, 317, 318.
LOCUST, the, tree, 53, 54, 55, 60, 134, 215, 223, 314.
LOMBARDY, 74, 75, 76.
LONDON, 269.
LONDONDERRY (Ireland), 171;
New Hampshire, 171.
LONG ISLAND, N. Y., 166, 251, 315;
Sound, 172.
LONG'S PEAK, 262.
LORING, Dr. George B. (of Mass.), 193.
LUMBERING—How rocks in creeks are removed by a lumberman, 217.
MACHINES, agricultural, 225.
MAGGIORE, Lake, 75.
MAGNESIA, 235.
MAIDSTONE (England), 89.
MAINE, 125, 171, 232.
MANGANESE, 111.
MANGOLDS, 271.
MANUFACTURES, 164, 243.
MANURE, 95.
MAPLE, 287.
MAPES, Professor, 16, 85, 114, 128.
MARL, 109, 120, 122, 142, 167.
См. также Удобрения, коммерческие.
MARTINEAU, Miss., 187.
MARYLAND, 166, 251;
Eastern, 315.
MASSACHUSETTS, 171, 193.
McCORMICK, C., 86.
MEATS, 150, 164, 167, 200, 201;
meat will be ultimately conveyed in refrigerating cars, 220, 266.
MECHANICS, 243.
MELON, 226.
MEXICO, 172.
MICHIGAN, State of, 163;
Lake, 156.
MIDDLE STATES, 139.
MILK, 115, 167, 171.
MILLS, 249, 250.
MINNEHAHA, the, 285.
MINNESOTA, 25, 26, 36, 37, 163, 164, 168, 206, 249, 289.
MISSOURI, valley of the, 20;
State of, 168;
the river, 260, 261, 279.
MISSISSIPPI, valley of the upper, 20, 38;
valley of the, 45, 69, 163;
the river, 163.
MOLE PLOW, the, 72.
MONMOUTH, N. J., 166.
MORMONS, tree planting by, 46.
MORTGAGE, buying land on, 31.
MIDDLE STATES, pasturing in, 19, 25, 69, 142, 179, 204, 215.
MUCK, 95, 109, 116, 120;
use in preparing for an orchard, 142.
Muck—How to Utilize it, chap. xxi, 124;
chemists will yet be able to determine the value of all kinds, 124;
use of muck profitable, 124;
the author's trial of it, 124;
как образуется болотный торфяной ил, 124-5;
its vast extent, 125;
little benefit derived from applying it directly, 125;
верный курс, которого следует придерживаться для обеспечения хороших результатов, 126-7;
practical evidence of its value, 127;
курс, которого должны придерживаться фермеры, имеющие мало животных, 127-8;
mixing salt with lime, 128, 147, 167;
diversity of opinion about, 233;
как иллюстрация потребности в более глубоких научных знаниях, 233-4;
as an illustration of winter work, 304;
it is abundant and accessible, 304;
доказательство этого, 305-6;
value of muck, 305;
where to procure, 318.
MUTTON. See Sheep;
also, 200, 220.
NAPOLEON I, 33, 292.
NEVADA, 46, 76, 83, 260.
NEWBURG, N. Y., a fruit farm above, on the Hudson, 16.
NEWCASTLE (township), Westchester Co., N. Y., 62, 147.
НОВАЯ АНГЛИЯ, 25, 34, 36, 39, 45, 50, 69, 78, 79, 139, 152, 163, 164, 165, 171, 190, 206, 214, 266, 279, 286, 287, 289, 290, 291, 303.
NEW HAMPSHIRE, 87, 140, 172, 237.
NEW JERSEY, 49, 85, 109, 165;
Southern, 166, 167, 168, 169, 190, 251, 305, 315.
NEW RIVER, Va., 86.
NEW YORK (city), 13, 60, 87, 129, 269.
NEW YORK STATE, 37, 49;
cheese dairymen of, 36, 47, 62, 68, 79, 102, 131, 140, 164;
Western, 163;
Eastern, 164, 165, 190, 286, 290.
NIAGARA, the falls of, 285.
NINEVEH, 266.
НИТРАТЫ. См. Удобрения.
NITRATE OF SODA, 122.
NORTHERN STATES, 48, 139, 140, 192, 297.
OATS, 67, 92, 94, 113, 118, 121, 143, 189, 191, 210, 238, 245, 264, 265.
OHIO, State of, 37, 163, 220;
valley of the river, 38;
the river, 53, 159.
OLD STATES, the, 73, 249, 306.
ONIONS, 191.
ONTARIO, Lake, 156.
PACIFIC STATES, 178.
PACIFIC, the coast, 156;
valley, a broad, 101.
PACKER, Gov. William F., of Penn., 130.
PARIS, 103.
PASTURES—Pasturing will soon disappear in the Eastern and Middle States, 19;
its pernicious effects, 19;
soiling is preferable to pasturing, 20;
a pasture should be the first field selected on a new farm, 40;
where it should be placed, 41;
misconceptions respecting indiscriminate pasturing, 41;
уход за пастбищем, 42-3;
should have a shed, 43;
appearance of pastures where there is bad farming, 152;
резюме взглядов автора на пастбищное хозяйство, 313-4.
См. также Сено.
PEACH-TREES. See Fruits,
also 129, 140, 161.
PEARS. See Fruits,
also 129, 139, 156, 204.
PEAS, 89, 90, 271, 296.
PENNSYLVANIA, 23;
Eastern, 165, 172, 288.
PEMIGEWASSET, the river, 75.
PHILADELPHIA, 156, 159.
PHOSPHATES. See Commercial Fertilizers,
also 119, 121, 122, 192.
PHOSPHORUS, 118, 119, 235.
PIPPINS, 53.
PITCH-PINE, 314.
PILGRIMS, the descendants of the, 289.
PINE, 58, 223.
PINE BARRENS, 166.
PLAGUE, the, 268.
PLAINS, the, 46, 101, 261;
irrigation of, 275-9, 316.
PLASTER (Gypsum). See Commercial Fertilizers,
also 80, 173, 211, 232, 233.
PLATTE, the river, 82, 260, 261, 262;
valley of the, 274.
PLOWS, steel, 87.
PLOWING:
Plowing, deep or shallow, chap. xiv, 87;
the Deep Plowing of all lands, not advocated, 85;
reasons therefor, 85;
случаи, когда глубокая вспашка была нецелесообразной, 85-6;
the primitive plow, 86;
plowing in New Hampshire in the author's boyhood, 87;
окупится ли глубокая вспашка?, 87;
опыт автора по вспашке участка в городе Нью-Йорк, 87-8;
глубокая вспашка дает прибыль, 88-9;
опыт глубокой вспашки английского фермера, 89-90;
the imperative reasons for Deep Plowing, 90.
Plowing—Good and Bad, chap. xv, 91;
misconceptions regarding Deep Plowing, 91;
the right conditions for Deep Plowing, 91;
приведен пример фермера старой школы, 91-2;
как глубокая вспашка окажется для него выгодной, 92-3;
как ему следует действовать, 92-3;
subsoiling hill-sides, 94;
author's own experience, 94;
the revolution that steam-plowing will cause, 95;
plowing of Grass land considered, 95;
treatment of Grass land that has been plowed, 95;
вспашка пересеченной и бесплодной фермы бедняка, 97-9;
осенняя вспашка, 99-100;
fences impede plowing, 100;
favored lot of the squatter on the prairie in regard to plowing, 101;
the plows of sixty years ago, 237;
the plows used in the greater part of Europe, 238;
improvement in plowing inevitable, 241;
the improved system would be adopted in the West, 241;
steam plows and their inventors, 243;
в работе в Великобритании, 243-4;
the locomotive that is needed for steam-plowing, 244;
убытки от отсутствия таковой, 244-5;
necessity for greater rapidity in plowing demonstrated, 246;
совет немецкого наблюдателя по поводу вспашки под кукурузу, 246-7;
опыт автора, касающийся затрат времени и средств на вспашку, 281-2;
not half so much or so thorough plowing done as there should be, 282;
the imperfect means of plowing, 282;
паровая вспашка в Англии, 283-4-5;
application of the facts to this country, 284.
См. также Пар.
PLUM-TREES. See Fruits, also 129, 139, 294.
ПО, река, 74-5.
PORK, 37, 99, 143, 186, 191, 220, 238, 291.
ПОТАШ. См. Удобрения, коммерческие, а также 109.
POTATOES, 88, 99.
Esculent Roots—Potatoes, chap. xxix, 170;
their productiveness, 170;
cultivated universally in Europe, 170;
they alone form part of the every-day food of prince and peasant, 170;
the poor of New England depended on them when the grain crop was cut short, 171;
formed part of the regular supper in farmers' homes, 171;
the history of the Potato, 171;
it is essentially a mountainous plant, 172;
it may have grown wild on the sides of the great chain traversing Spanish America, 172;
everything there congenial to it, 172;
results attained by the author in growing potatoes, 172;
условия, обеспечивающие хороший урожай, 172-3;
swamp muck treated as described, makes an excellent fertilizer for, 173;
как поступать, если такового нет, 173-4;
instructions to a farmer having a poor, worn-out field of sandy loam, 174;
рассмотрение возражений против этого, 174-5;
картофельные гнили, 175-6;
the kind of seed to plant, 176;
рядовой сев предпочтительнее, по мнению автора, 176-7;
preparation of the soil, 177;
varieties considered, 177;
growing from tubers tends to degeneracy, 177;
the originator of a valuable new potato entitled to a recompense, 177;
also, 189, 264, 296.
POTOMAC river, the, 53, 73, 140, 159;
valley of the, 317.
PORTUGAL, 237.
POWER—Undeveloped Sources of Power, chap. xlvii, 280;
the farmer's sources and command of power less than the manufacturer's, 280;
both have the same opportunities, 280;
опыт автора, касающийся задержек и стоимости вспашки, 281-2;
further illustrations of the imperfect means of plowing, 282;
паровая вспашка в Англии, 282-3-4;
steam not commended as a source of power to the farmer, 284;
reasons therefor, 284;
ветер как источник энергии, 284-5;
the further anticipated sources, 285;
the triumphs of the future, 285.
PRAIRIE, 24;
prairies, the, of the West, 213;
the, 261.
PRAIRIE STATES, 46, 83.
PRUNING, 146.
PUBLIC LANDS, 24, 46.
PURSLEY, 125.
АЙВЫ. См. Фрукты.
RAG-WEED, 125.
RAILROADS, their influence on the progress of the West, 26, 105;
предложения поручить кому-либо выступать в качестве агента по сбыту сельскохозяйственной продукции, 301-2.
RALEIGH, Sir Walter, 171.
«РАНЧЕВО», 292.
RASPBERRIES, 90.
REAPERS, American, 245.
RED CEDAR, 58, 157, 223.
RED OAK, 19, 53, 60.
REPUBLICAN, valleys of the, 274.
ROADS, 250.
ROBINSON, SOLON, on fencing, 219.
СКАЛА. См. Камень.
ROCKY MOUNTAINS, 206, 261, 262, 274.
РОМФОРД, Англия, 269-70.
ROOTS, culture of, 35, 43;
all seek heat and moisture, 98, 126, 168, 206, 228, 242, 265;
Roots—Turnips—Beets—Carrots, chap. xxx, 178;
сравнение британского и американского климата в отношении выращивания турнепса, 178-9;
turnips may be profitably grown in the United States, 179;
cattle breeders should each commence with one or two acres per annum, 179;
the beet better adapted to our climate than the turnip, 180;
its value to Europe as a sugar producer, 180;
причины сомневаться в том, что свекловичный сахар станет важным американским товаром массового потребления, 180-1;
beets will be extensively grown under a better system of tillage, 181;
the author's experience of growing carrots, 181;
reasons for not achieving eminent success therein, 181;
the carrot ought to be extensively grown for horse feeding, 182;
its value as such, 182;
the oat degenerates in very hot, dry summers, 182;
roots valuable to diversify food, 182.
RUTA BAGAS, 143.
RYE, 21;
winter, 43, 92, 143, 191, 192.
SAGE-BUSH, 261.
ST. LOUIS, 156.
SALEM, N. J., 166.
SALT. See Fertilizers, Commercial;
also 109, 114, 122, 127, 128, 143, 147, 174.
SALT LAKE, 46.
SALT LAKE CITY, 112.
SAVOYS, 271.
SCHOOLS, 249, 250.
SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE, 32;
Science in Agriculture, chap. xxxix, 231;
author disclaims being a scientific farmer, 231;
men have raised good crops, who knew nothing of science, 231;
science is the true base of efficient cultivation, 231;
the elements of every plant, 231;
necessity for scientific knowledge, 232;
author's personal experience, 232;
the assertion of a Maine essayist, as an illustration of the need of scientific information, 233;
расхождение мнений о ценности болотного торфяного ила как дополнительная иллюстрация, 233-4;
analysis of soils considered, 234;
the necessity for some standard to go by in manuring land, 234;
иллюстрация этого, 234-5;
science explains the impoverishment of soils, 235;
author's testimony on the value of science, from personal experience, 236;