siege of, 375.
Мамсбери, граф (Харрис). См. Харрис, сэр Джеймс.
Malta, 415;
surrendered by the Knights of St. John, 416, 421, 423, 431, 438;
becomes a British possession, 439, 441.
Malvalli, battle of, 420.
Mamelukes, defeat of, 416.
Манхэттен, остров. См. Нью-Йорк.
Manila, 38, 40, 41, 74, 112.
Mansfield, first Earl of (Murray), 8, 29;
lord chief justice, 96, 100-101;
speaker of the house of lords, 103, 116, 131, 205-207, 306, 324.
Мэнсфилд, второй граф. См. Стормонт, лорд.
Mantua, siege of, 381, 382;
surrender of, 390.
Manufactures, 200, 207;
silk, 66, 95, 276;
glass, 202;
woollen, 202;
iron, 269;
cotton, 269, 272, 273;
linen (in Ireland), 290.
Maráthá wars, 236, 237, 247-248, 305.
March, Earl of (Douglas), afterwards Duke of Queensberry, 256.
Marengo, battle of, 437.
Maria Caroline, Queen of Naples, 422, 428.
Maria Theresa, empress-queen, 24, 296.
Marie Antoinette, queen of Louis XVI., 330, 334.
Maroons, insurrection of, in Jamaica, 377.
Marseilles, 352.
Martin, Joseph, governor of N. Carolina, 157.
Martin, Samuel, secretary to the treasury, 50.
Martinique, 36;
captured by the British, 37;
restored, 40-41, 195, 218, 227, 363.
Massachusetts, 84, 88-91;
bill for regulating the government of, 128, 129, 132, 133, 137, 138;
provincial congress, meeting of, 140-142;
in arms, 143, 144, 198.
Masséna, French general, 390, 425, 426, 436, 437.
Masham, Lord (Masham), 256.
Mauduit, Israel, his Considerations on the German War, 18.
Maxwell, Colonel, at Vellinghausen, 14.
Мейнутский колледж, основание. См. Ирландия.
McCrae, Jane, murder of, 177.
McDonald, merchant skipper, 320, 321.
Medows, General, 305.
Melas, Austrian general, 436, 437.
Menin, Dutch defeated at, 353.
Меркантильная система. См. Англия.
Methuen treaty, 257.
Micheroux, il cavaliere, 427, 428.
Middlebrook (U.S.A.), 173.
Middlesex elections, 95-99, 100, 101, 103, 107, 110, 135.
Militia, English, 2, 161, 162;
Irish, 368.
Miller, printer, 117, 118.
Milner, Isaac (Dean of Carlisle), 265.
Ministries, Newcastle's, 8-35;
Bute's, 35-45;
Grenville's, 45-67;
accession of the Bedford party to office, 49-67;
Rockingham's, 67-73;
Chatham's, 73-89;
Grafton's, 89-102;
North's, 102-229;
Rockingham's, 229-240;
Shelburne's, 240-244;
Coalition, 245-251;
Pitt's, 251-455.
Minorca, 23, 24, 26, 154, 160, 181, 196, 198, 211, 227, 243;
British capture of, 422;
British troops recalled from, 436.
Минто, граф. См. Эллиот, сэр Гилберт.
Miquelon island, 40;
ceded to France, 243;
British capture of, 356.
Mír Jafar, 78.
Mír Kásim, 77.
Mitchell, Sir Andrew, admiral, 430.
Mitford, John Freeman (afterwards Lord Redesdale), 323;
speaker, 453.
Modena, Duke of, 380.
Mohawk valley, 176.
Мойра, граф. См. Роудон, лорд.
Möllendorf, Prussian general, 360-362.
Monmouth (U.S.A.), battle at, 193.
Monongahela, battle of, 146.
Monro, Major Hector, 78.
Montagu, John, admiral, 364, 366.
Montenotte, Austrians defeated at, 380.
Montgomery, Richard, American general, 151, 152.
Montreal, 2;
surrender of, 151.
Montserrat (W.I.), 243.
Moore, Sir John, 430.
Moreau, 325, 382, 436, 437, 439.
More, Hannah, 265.
Morgan, Daniel, American general, 221.
Morland, George, 262.
Mornington, Lord (Wellesley, R. C.), governor-general of India, 420;
created Marquis Wellesley, 420;
in India, 443.
Morristown (U.S.A.), 169.
Mosquito coast, 318.
Moultrie, William, American general, 157.
Mountjoy, Lord (Gardiner), 410.
Mount Tabor, defeat of Turks at, 419.
Mouscron, battle at, 361.
Moutray, captain, R.N., 211.
Mowat, lieutenant, 154.
Muir, Thomas, 358.
Mulgrave, Lord (Phipps), general, 355.
Murphy, Father John, 409.
Murray, Lindley, 165.
Musgrave, Colonel, 174.
Mutiny act, 253, 254;
extended to America, 60.
Мятеж. См. Военно-морской флот, мятежи на флоте.
Mysore, conquest of, 420.
Nanda-Kumár (Nuncomar), execution of, 248, 304.
Неаполитанский король. См. Фердинанд IV.
Naples, 349, 381, 421-423;
revolution in, 422;
jacobins of, and Nelson, 427-429.
Нассау. См. Багамские острова.
National debt, the, in 1755, 18;
in 1760, 18;
in 1764, 53, 58, 136;
in 1796, 384;
in 1778, 200;
in 1780, 203;
in 1784, 280;
in 1785, 284;
sinking fund, 291-293;
in 1793, 347;
in 1794, 347.
Navigation acts, 55, 269.
Navy, British, state of in 1760, 2;
in 1761, 18, 29;
in 1764, 53;
in 1770, 113;
in 1771, 114;
in 1172, 115;
in 1774, 137;
in 1775, 161;
in 1776, 162, 163;
in 1777, 170, 171;
in 1778, 192, 193, 195;
in 1782, 233, 235;
in 1792, 332;
in 1793, 351, 352;
changes in material and tactics, 199, 233-235;
manning of, 113, 114, 163, 170, 171, 192, 234, 332;
mutinies in the, 193, 390, 391-395.
Necker, 316.
Needham, Francis Jack (Earl of Kilmorey), general, 411.
Neerwinden, battle of, 349.
Negapatam, 237, 243.
Nelson, Horatio (Viscount), 355, 363, 375, 381, 388, 389, 395;
battle of the Nile, 416, 417;
created Baron Nelson, 417, 418-422;
at Naples, 422, 423, 426-429, 438, 443.
Nevis (W. I.), taken by French, 227;
restored to England, 243.
Newcastle, Duke of (Pelham), first lord of treasury, 8, 10, 11;
jealous of Pitt, 15;
his fear of him, 17;
his power diminished, 16, 19;
becomes Bute's tool, 20, 21, 26, 29, 31, 32;
driven from office, 34, 35, 39, 42, 47, 48;
privy seal, 68, 69, 264.
New England, colonies, 132, 134, 136, 137, 139, 141, 143, 146, 147, 172, 193.
Newfoundland (St. John), taken by French and retaken, 37, 129, 130, 144.
Newfoundland, fishery, 24-27, 40, 41, 139, 241, 243.
Newport (U.S.A.), 168, 194, 219, 224.
New Ross (Ireland), battle of, 410, 411.
New South Wales, colony of, 267.
Newtownbarry, 409, 410.
New York, meeting of congress of colonies at, 61, 131, 134, 136, 138, 150, 153, 155, 158;
occupation of by Howe, 165, 167, 169;
Clinton in command, 174, 175, 179, 181, 193, 197, 198, 200, 215, 218, 219, 223-225, 228, 242.
Nice annexed to France, 337.
Nicholson, Margaret, 307.
Nile, battle of the (Abukir bay), 416, 417.
Nimeguen, 362.
Nizám of Oudh, 419, 420.
Nollekens, Joseph, 263.
Nootka sound (Vancouver), affair of, 319.
Nore, mutiny at the, 393, 394.
Norfolk, Duke of (Howard), 402.
Norfolk (U.S.A.), 156.
North Briton, No. 45 of the, 46, 47, 50, 52.
Northesk, Earl of (Carnegie), captain, R.N., 394.
North, Frederick, Lord (afterwards Earl of Guilford), 83;
chancellor of exchequer, 86, 90, 100;
first lord of treasury and chancellor of exchequer, 102, 103, 106-113, 115, 118, 119;
policy towards India, 121, 122, 127;
towards America, 128, 135, 136, 138, 139, 145;
conciliation bill, 146, 153, 159, 160;
prohibitory bill, 162, 163, 169, 170;
desires to resign, 188-191;
Irish policy, 200-202, 210, 212, 226, 227;
resigns office, 228, 243;
forms a coalition with Fox, 244;
secretary of state, 245-247;
leaves office, 251, 252, 254, 280, 288, 289, 291, 295.
Нортингтон, граф. См. Хенли, лорд.
Norton, Sir Fletcher, speaker, 172, 213.
Nova Scotia, 129, 198.
Novi, battle of, 425.
Oakboys, 92.
Ochakov, 325-328.
O'Coighly, priest, 406.
O'Connor, Arthur, 386, 406.
O'Hara, general, 222, 355.
Oliver, Richard, alderman, 117, 118, 160.
Oliver, Thomas, 125, 126.
Omichand (Hindu merchant), 122.
Onslow, George, colonel, 117.
Оранский, принц. См. Вильгельм V, принц Оранский.
Orange, Princess of, 298-300.
Оранжистское общество. См. Ирландия.
Orleans, Duke of, 386.
Orvilliers, Comte d', 193.
Ostend, 401, 402.
Oswald, Richard, British envoy, 239.
Oswego, 172, 177.
Otis, James, 56.
Otto, French agent, 438.
Paine, Thomas, his Common Sense, 156;
his Rights of Man, 329, 335.
Paley, William, 261.
Palliser, Sir Hugh, 193.
Palmer, Samuel, dissenting preacher, 358.
Pampeluna, siege of, 363.
Panin, Count, Russian minister, 208, 423.
Paoli, Corsican general, 98, 363.
Parker, Richard, mutineer, 393, 394.
Parker, Sir Hyde, admiral, 212, 443.
Parker, Sir Peter, admiral, 157, 168.
Parma, Duke of, 380.
Paris, peace of, 42, 46, 74, 130;
in 1789, 316-317;
Malmesbury's mission to, 383;
articles of peace signed by the Austrian envoy at, 437;
Russian ambassador sent to arrange treaty of alliance at, 442.
Parliament, general elections of 1761, 16, 19, 20;
of 1768, 94;
of 1774, 135, 136;
of 1781, 212, 213;
of 1784, 280;
of 1790, 322;
Grenville's election act, 108, 109, 135;
house of lords, changes in the character of the, 281, 282;
privileges of members of, 47, 50, 51, 53, 72, 117, 118;
publication of debates, 117, 118.
Parliamentary reform, demands for, 104;
Chatham's plan of, 105;
agreement concerning, 244;
Pitt's motions for, 231-232, 246, 287, 288;
Flood's motion for, 318;
Grey's motion for, 399.
Patná, seized by the English, 77.
Paul, Tsar of Russia, 384, 421, 423, 425, 426, 429;
anger against England, 431, 440;
forms an armed neutrality, 441-443.
Pearson, Captain, R.N., 197.
Penn, Richard, 158.
Pennsylvania, mutiny of troops in, 214.
Percy, Lord (afterwards Duke of Northumberland), 141.
Percy, Thomas, Bishop of Dromore, 259.
Peter III., Tsar of Russia, 33, 36.
Phélypeaux, Colonel, 418.
Philadelphia, continental congress at, 132-134, 138, 146, 147, 156, 157, 167;
congress removes from, 168, 174, 179, 188;
taken by Howe, 173, 174, 175, 179, 180;
evacuated, 193, 225.
Philippine Islands, British conquest of, 38;
restored to Spain, 40.
Phillip, Captain, R.N., 267.
Pichegru, 375.
Pierson, Major, 211.
Pigot, George, Lord, governor of Madras, 247.
Pigot, Hugh, admiral, 149, 238.
Pigot, Hugh, captain, R.N., 139.
Pilnitz, declaration of, 331.
Pitcairn, Major, 140.
Pitt, John (second Earl Chatham), 159;
first lord of the admiralty, 306;
privy seal, 366.
Pitt, Thomas (nephew of first Earl of Chatham), 245.
Pitt, William, the elder, afterwards Earl of Chatham, his influence before 1760, 1;
secretary of state, 8;
his political character, 10;
his war policy, 11;
acts with Bute, 15-16;
against government by connexion, 16, 31;
cabal against, 20-21;
his part in negotiations of 1761, 23-27;
demands war with Spain, 28;
resignation, 30-32;
pension and wife's peerage, 32;
his schemes of conquest, 36;
on the Peace of Paris, 42-44;
king's negotiations with, 48, 53, 56, 59, 65, 66;
refuses to take office, 67-69;
speaks against enforcing stamp act, 69, 70;
part in repeal of stamp act, 71;
prime minister, 73;
created Earl of Chatham, 73;
quarrels with Temple, 74;
foreign policy, 74;
proposes defensive alliance between Great Britain, Prussia and Russia, 75;
his long illness, 76, 85;
policy as regards India, 79, 80, 82, 83, 85;
resigns office, 89;
allied with the opposition, 100-102, 104;
scheme for parliamentary reform, 105, 106-111, 128;
opposes the quartering bill, 129-131, 136;
conciliation bill, 138, 160, 170, 184-187;
king refuses to send for, 188-189;
death of, 190.
Pitt, William, the younger, 9;
member for Appleby, 213;
joins the opposition, 214, 228, 229;
on parliamentary reform, 231;
chancellor of exchequer, 240, 241, 243-246;
first lord of treasury and chancellor of exchequer, 251, 252;
India Bills, 252-254, 261, 265, 268, 269, 277, 280-283, 286, 287;
his finance, 284, 285;
his bill for parliamentary reform, 287, 288;
his Irish trade proposals, 290, 291;
sinking fund, 292, 293;
commercial treaty with France, 293, 294;
bill for consolidation of customs and excise, 294-295;
his attitude towards the slave trade, 295, 296, 299, 300, 302-315;
his views on the French Revolution, 317, 318, 321-325, 327, 328;
Canada Bill, 329-336, 338, 339;
warden of the Cinque Ports, 340;
as war minister, 345-352;
his loans, 348, 354, 357-359, 362, 366-367, 369, 370-372;
disagreement with Grenville, 373-374, 376, 378, 379;
budgets, 380, 384, 385, 400, 403, 434, 435;
desires peace, 382, 383, 387, 388, 392, 395-397, 399, 401, 403, 433;
duel with Tierney, 404;
preparations for a union with Ireland, 412, 413, 420, 421, 436-438, 444;
desires Irish union, 445-447, 449;
and favours catholic emancipation, 369, 452;
will resign, 452;
budget of 1801, 453, 454;
resignation, 455.
Pius VI., Pope, 420.
Plunket, William Conyngham, Lord, 447.
Plymouth, 196.
Pocock, Admiral, 37.
Point Judith (U.S.A.), 194.
Point Levi (Canada), 152.
Poland, partition of, 115, 296, 338, 349, 351, 363;
invaded by Russia, 338;
insurrection in, 361.
Police system, 267.
Political trials, 357, 358, 434.
Pondicherry, 1, 14;
taken by English, 196, 356;
French fleet at, 237.
Ponsonby, John, 368, 447.
Penthièvre, 377.
Pontiac, 58.
Poor law, 273, 277, 278.
Popham, Major, 237.
Port Egmont, 113, 114.
Portland, Duke of (Cavendish-Bentinck), 75, 87, 232, 233, 240;
first lord of treasury, 245, 333, 334, 340;
home secretary, 366, 368-371, 452.
Porto Novo, battle of, 237.
Porto Praya, naval action at, 237.
Portsmouth, 170, 192.
Portugal: ally of England, 33, 40, 257, 349, 381, 397, 442.
Pownall, Thomas, 89.
Пратт. См. Камден, лорд.
Press, liberty of the, 116-118, 324.
Preston, Captain, 109.
Pretender, the Old, 1.
Pretender, the Young, 1.
Prevost, Augustine, general, 195, 198.
Price, Richard, 291, 292.
Priestley, Joseph, 263, 331, 332.
Prime Minister, title and functions of, 9, 64, 85-86, 90, 103, 189, 229, 230, 244, 281, 332.
Printers, the House of Commons and the, 117, 118.
Prisons, 267.
Provence, Count of (Louis XVIII.), 352, 432.
Провиденс. См. Багамские острова.
Prussia, 75, 115, 300;
declares war against France, 336;
peace with France, 374.
Public Advertiser, newspaper, 99.
Puerto-rico, 389.
Puisaye, Comte de, 376, 377.
Pulaski, Count, 182.
Pulteney, Sir James, general, 439.
Putnam, Israel, American general, 164.
Pyramids, battle of the, 416.
Quebec act, 129, 145, 146, 151, 166;
siege of, 152, 155, 205, 329.
Quiberon bay, 376.
Куинсбери, герцог. См. Марч, граф.
Radcliffe, Ann, 260.
Raeburn, Henry, 262.
Raikes, Robert, 265.
Rawdon, Lord (Hastings), later Earl of Moira and Marquis of Hastings, 219, 220, 223, 354, 361, 376, 406.
Reeve, Clara, 260.
Regency bill, 64, 65;
later question of the, 309-314, 453.
Regulating act, North's, 121, 122, 273.
Regulators' war, 124.
Reichenbach, congress at, 326.
Religion and Church of England, 264.
Revolutionary society, 335;
bill for suppressing, 434.
Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 262, 407.
Rhode Island, 61, 125, 139, 143, 153, 168, 194, 198, 219, 224.
Richmond, Duke of (Lennox), secretary of state, 73, 145, 160, 190, 203, 204, 229, 240;
resigns office, 243;
master-general of ordnance, 251, 257, 291, 359;
resigns ordnance, 366.
Ridgway, bookseller, 357.
Rigby, Richard, 27, 107.
Беспорядки: —
American, 61, 89, 126.
Birmingham, 331-332.
Bread, 75, 378, 444.
Carlisle and other towns, 339.
Coal-heavers and others, 95.
Dublin, 447, 450.
Gordon, 205-207.
Hexham, 18.
St. George's Fields, 96.
Silk-weavers, 66, 95.
Wilkes, 96, 97.
Duty of soldiers in, 207.
Robertson, William, historian, 261.
Robespierre, fall of, 372.
Rochambeau, Comte de, 218, 219, 224.
Roche, Philip, 411, 412.
Rochford, Earl of (Nassau), secretary of state, 89, 90, 115;
resigns, 159.
Rockingham, Marquis of (Watson-Wentworth), 40, 42, 48;
first ministry, 67-72;
resigns office, 73, 74, 85, 86, 102, 106, 107, 110, 118, 128, 158, 160, 169, 187, 191, 212;
second ministry, 228, 229, 232, 233;
death of, 240, 257, 274.
Rodney, afterwards Sir George and Lord Rodney, admiral, 37, 198, 200, 212, 216, 219, 226, 227, 234, 235;
created baron, 238, 239, 365.
Rohillás (Afghan tribe), 248.
Rolle, John, M.P., 308.
Rollo, Lord (Rollo), takes Dominica, 14.
Roman Catholics: relief from disabilities of, 205, 323;
grant of franchise to Irish, 367, 368;
question of emancipation of in Ireland, 369-371, 385, 446, 447, 451, 453-455.
Romney, George, 262.
Rousseau, 315.
Roussillon invaded, 350.
Rowan, Archibald Hamilton, 368.
Roxbury (U.S.A.), 143.
Royal marriage act, 119, 120, 308.
Ruffo, Cardinal, 426-429.
Rusby (corn dealer), 444.
Российская императрица. См. Екатерина II.
Russia in seven years' war, 33;
commercial treaty with, 72;
Chatham's policy towards, 75, 326;
Russian policy, 115;
Pitt's policy towards, 326;
treaty of alliance with Great Britain, 423;
withdrawal of, from the second coalition, 431.
Российский император. См. Павел и Петр III.
Russian armament, the, 327-328.
Rutland, Duke of (Manners), viceroy of Ireland, 287, 289, 290;
lord steward, 244;
privy seal, 251.
Ryder, Dudley, afterwards Lord Harrowby, 404.
Sackville, Lord George, 15, 22, 83, 87;
takes name Germain, 159;
secretary of state, 159, 166, 173, 176, 179, 180, 184, 185, 191, 202, 210, 225-227;
created Viscount Sackville, 228.
St. Eustatius, island of, 216;
surrender, 217-218;
retaken by French, 227.
Сент-Джорджес-Филдс. См. Лондон.
St. Kitts, island of, captured by French, 227;
ceded to Great Britain, 243.
St. Leger, Colonel, 176, 177.
St. Lucia, island of, 24;
conquest of, 37, 40, 195, 218;
restored to France, 242;
surrender of, 363, 377.
St. Marcouf, islands of, 402.
Сент-Филипс. См. Менорка.
St. Pierre, island of, 27, 40;
ceded to France, 243;
taken by English, 356.
День святого Валентина, битва. См. Мыс Сент-Винсент, битва при.
Сент-Винсент, граф. См. Джервис, сэр Джон.
St. Vincent, island of, conquest of, 37, 40;
captured by French, 195, 197, 198;
ceded to Great Britain, 243;
insurrection in, 377.
Salbái, treaty of, 237, 238.
Salem, seat of government transferred from Boston to, 128, 140.
San Domingo, island of, 200, 234;
massacre at, 323, 364, 424.
Sandwich, Earl of (Montagu), secretary of state, 49, 50, 65, 100, 115;
first lord of the admiralty, 131, 161, 191-193, 212.
Sandy Hook (N.Y.), 174, 193, 224.
Santa Cruz, attack on, 395.
Saratoga, convention of, 178, 179.
Сардинский король. См. Карл Эммануил.
Saumarez, Captain, 388.
Saumur, 351.
Saunders, Sir Charles, first lord of the admiralty, 74, 75, 98.
Savannah, capture of, 195, 198.
Savary, French captain, 413, 415.
Savile, Sir George, 203, 205, 206.
Savoy, annexed by the French, 337.
Sawbridge, John, 107, 160.
Scheldt, opening of the, 297, 342-344.
Schuyler, Philip, American general, 176, 177, 180.
Schweidnitz, capture of, 14.
Scott, John (afterwards Earl of Eldon), solicitor-general, 206, 371;
chief justice of common pleas, 434;
created baron, 434.
Scott, John (afterwards Scott-Waring), major, 303.
Secker, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, 60.
Secretaries of state, division of departments of, 10, 87, 229, 336.
Seditious meetings bill, 379, 380.
Selim III. (Turkish sultan), 418.
Selwyn, George, 94, 256.
Senegal, 23, 24, 26;
seized by the French, 197;
ceded to France, 243.
Seringapatam, siege of, 305;
taken, 420.
Seymour, Lord Hugh, admiral, 431.
Sháh Alam, Mughal emperor, 78.
Sharp, Granville, philanthropist, 295.
Sheares, Henry, 408.
Sheares, John, 408.
Sheerness, 393, 394.
Shelburne, Earl of (Fitzmaurice), afterwards Marquis of Lansdowne, 49, 52;
secretary of state, 73, 80, 82;
resigns, 89, 128, 160, 188, 203, 204, 213, 228;
home secretary, 229, 230, 231, 238, 239;
first lord of the treasury, 240-245, 251, 287, 293, 336, 341, 359.
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 246, 258, 286, 291, 294, 304, 308-311, 318, 335, 336, 359, 406, 447.