«Жатва моря: Естественная и экономическая история британских промысловых рыб»

Angling sport in Scotland, 130.

Annual revenue of the river Tay fisheries, 213.

Annual sacrifice to crustacean gastronomy, 397.

Anomalies in salmon growth, 105, 180.

Antidote to enchantment, the fisherman’s, 435.

Antiquity of pearls, 398.

Apparatus for catching lobsters, 161.

Apparatus for pisciculture, 115.

Appendix, 491.

Approach of the herring season, 246.

Arcachon, Bay of, 365.

Are herrings of the same shoal all of the same age?, 238.

Are the pisciculturists robbing Peter to pay Paul?, 88.

Are there more fish in the sea than ever came out of it?, 474.

Arran, the island of, 165.

Arrival of salmon ova in Australia, 120.

Arctic Seas, no herrings in the, 231.

Artificial oyster-breeding, 350.

Artificial oyster-breeding in Marennes, 75.

Artificial spawning, 86, 87.

Art of dredging oysters, 378.

Art of shrimping, 396.

Art of trawling, 311.

Ashworth’s experiments, 117.

Ashworth’s opinion of oyster-culture, 354.

Attention required by an oyster-farm, 365.

Auchmithie, 444.

Auctioneers of fish, 437.

August herring-fishery at Wick, 280.

Authentic contradiction to Pennant’s theory, 231.

Authorities, list of, quoted, 499.

Avarice of salmon-fishery lessees, 200.

Average age at which salmon are killed, 207.

Average capture of herrings per boat in 1820, 279.

Average number of crans of herring taken by each boat in 1862, 276.

Average of oyster-reproduction at Re, 358.

Averages of the catch of herrings in 1862, 276.

Aversion of fisher-people to be counted, 453.

Awkward contretemps, 468.

Bad effects of trawling, 315.

Bag-nets, their baneful influence on the salmon-fisheries, 208.

Bain, Mr. Donald, on the salmon question, 222, 489.

Bait for line-fishing, 306.

Bait for lobsters, 385.

Bait for sea-angling, 158.

Bait, importance of cheap, 410.

Balance of nature, 33.

Bale in Switzerland, 80.

Bannock-fluke, the, 297.

Bargain-making by fishwives, 426.

Bargains made by boat-owners, 257.

Barnet, Mr., of Kinross, 140.

Barking trawlers, 309.

Barrack-life in Comacchio, 458.

Barrels, great numbers of, on the quays at Wick, 268.

Basins for the young fish at Huningue, 85.

Bass, the, of Lake Wennern, 125.

Battle of the swine at St. Monance, 434.

Bay of Aiguillon, 412.

Bay of the Departed, 455.

Bay of St. Brieuc, 351.

Beef, the stone-mason of the island of Re, 352.

Bell Rock, 444.

Benefits derived from a good fishery, 44.

Best conditions of fish for spawning, 341.

Best kind of boats for herring-fishing, 272.

Best kinds of fish to rear on the artificial plan, 97.

Best spawning-ground for herring, 238.

Best way of marking young salmon, 196.

Billingsgate, 65.

Billingsgate salesman’s, a, letter on trawling, 319.

Bird’s-eye view of Fusaro, 349.

Bit of dialogue, 470.

Black-beetle, a wonderful, 17.

Bloaters and red-herrings, 270.

Board of White Fisheries, 486.

Boat speculation by ship-carpenters, 441.

Bolam, evidence on trawling by Thomas, 314.

Bouchots for growing mussels, 411.

Boulogne, 454.

Bounty given in the herring-trade, 255.

Brand, the, 263.

Breeding-ponds for salmon at Stormontfield, 99.

Breeding-pyramid for oysters, 350.

Brewing of oyster-spat, 337.

Brilliancy of fish-colour, 2.

British oyster-eaters, 345.

Brown, Mr. Wm., of Perth, on the salmon, 194.

Buckhaven, 438, 439.

Buckie, 466.

Buckie fishermen, 302.

Buisse, suite of ponds at, 93.

Burning the water, 204.

Business, how it is conducted at Re, 358.

Buist’s notes on Stormontfield, 111.

Buist’s opinions about the parr, 183.

Calculations as to herring increase, 7.

«Caller Ou» (свежие устрицы), 425.

Cancale, 58.

Cancale, the shell-middens of, 351.

Canoe used by the boucholeurs of Aiguillon, 413.

Capital of French oysterdom, 352.

Caprice of the herring, 244.

Capturing herrings with a seine-net, 250.

Carlisle of Inveresk, Dr., 435.

Carp, 144.

Carp-breeding, 147.

Carp-ponds, 147.

Carriage of fish in France, cost of, 61.

Catch of herrings in 1862-63, 272.

Catching shell-fish, 385.

Causes assigned for caprice of herring, 244.

Cause of attraction to the male fish while spawning, 9.

Cause of the parr anomaly, 105.

Census of Fittie, 450.

Census of persons employed in the herring-fishery, 275.

Ceremonies among the eel-breeders of Comacchio, 459.

Ceremony of marriage among fishermen, 421.

Ceylon pearl-fishery, 398.

Chance fishing, 301.

Changes in the Crustacea, 392.

Character of the fisher-folk, 471.

Character of the Scottish fishwife, 324.

Charming May, 138.

Charitable fishery experiment, 388.

Charr, 153.

Cheek on angling, 135.

Chief British salmon-streams, 209.

Chief fishing-grounds in the North Sea, 306.

Chinese pisciculture, 69, 70.

Claires for greening oysters, 360.

Claires for oysters, view of, 357.

Clannishness of the fisher-folk, 481.

Classification of fish, 1.

Cleanliness of the Newhaven fisherwomen, 431.

Cleghorn, Mr. John, of Wick, on the herring, 231, 232.

Clements, John, of Hull, his evidence, 316.

Close-times for herrings quite possible, 242.

Close-time for lobsters in France, 391.

Close-time for oysters, 336.

Clyde, the river, 163.

Coarse work of the herring-gutters, 270.

Coast fishing-boats, 272.

Cod and haddock fishing very laborious, 301.

Codfish, number of eggs in a, 5.

Codfish, description of the, 291.

Codfish, how it grows, 31.

Cod-liver oil, 292.

Cod-roe at dinner, 243.

Coldingham fishermen, good behaviour of, 438.

Colne oyster-beds, 370.

Cold seasons unfavourable to oyster-breeding, 338.

Colour of fish, 2.

Comacchio, 19, 457.

Comacchio, drawing of a division of, 48.

Comfort of a fisherman’s dwelling, 430.

Commencement of the great gale on the Moray Firth, 324.

Commerce in fish, 34.

Commerce in herrings, 254.

Commerce in salmon, 198.

Commerce in shell-fish, 384.

Commercial value of salmon, 199.

Commissioners’ report on the herring-fishery for 1864, 275.

Common carp, 146.

“Commons,” in oyster nomenclature, 368.

Community of fishers at Fittie, 449.

Comparative tables of the fishery at Wick, 281.

Concluding remarks on the Fisheries, 474.

Conclusion, 490.

Condition of trawl-fish, 320.

Conditions under which the herring is found, 240.

Conduct of the white-fisheries, 301.

Connecticut, fish-manufactory in, 136.

Consumption of fish, 67.

Consumption of oysters in London, 373.

Contents of a dredge, 378.

Continental demand on our fisheries, 286.

Controversies about oyster life, 335.

Controversies about the salmon, 178.

Controversy about the parr, 181.

Controversy about the pearl rivers, 406.

Controversy among fishermen at Lochfyne, 250.

Controversy in Scotland as to fixed engines of salmon-capture, 206.

Conversation with a Strasbourg pêcheur, 88.

Cooking of pike, 143.

Cooking of oysters, 346.

Co-operation among fishermen, 309, 441.

Co-operation better than competition, 223.

Cornwall in the pilchard season, 251.

Coromandel oysters, 379.

Corry in Arran, view of, 171.

Coste, Professor, 76.

Coste’s, Professor, plan of oyster-culture, 347.

Coste’s recommendation to the French Government, 350.

Couch, Mr. Jonathan, on the food of the pilchard, 251.

Couch on the mackerel, 21.

Couleur de rose statements as to the fisheries, 475.

Councillor Hawkins on the Colchester oyster, 370.

Course of the fisheries, 55.

Course of the herring-fishery, 229.

Course of oyster-farming, 365.

Course of work on the oyster-beds at Whitstable, 365.

Crab-catching, 386.

Cray-fish, 397.

Creel-hawking, 436.

Crustacean commerce, 387.

Cullercoats fisherman, evidence of a, 312.

Cultivating the mussel-farm, 413.

Разведение «туземных» (устриц), 369.

Cultivation of our lochs, 140.

Culture of mussels, 410.

Culture of oysters, 346.

Culture of oysters, progress in, 354.

Culture of turtle on the artificial plan, 96.

Curing of cod in Scotland, 293.

Cure of herrings in Scotland, 1862-63, 273.

Curing pilchards, 253.

Curing sprats to be sold as sardines, 253.

Curious forms of fish, 3.

Curiosities of superstition at Newhaven, 433.

Daily statement of the number of herring-boats at Wick in 1862, 276.

Danube salmon, 89, 98.

Dates marking chief incidents of salmon life, 195.

Dealing in herrings, 254.

Decline of creel-hawking in Scotland, 443.

Decline of the cod-fishery, 303.

Decrease of the Scottish haddock-fishery, 318.

Decreasing size of haddocks, 315.

Dee salmon-fisheries, 112, 113.

Delineation of flat fishes, 297.

Demand for fish in Catholic countries, 277.

Demand for oysters, 373.

Demand for white fish, 286.

Dempster’s discovery of packing salmon in ice, 36, 202.

Departure of the herring-fleet from the Texel, 45.

Description of Auchmithie, 445.

Description of a drift-net, 248.

Description of a lobster-trap, 385.

Description of a mussel-farm, 412.

Description of a periwinkle, 384.

Description of a trawler, 309.

Description of green oyster-claires, 359, 360.

Description of Newhaven, near Edinburgh, 430.

Description of the lobster, 390.

Description of the oyster, 334.

Description of the pilchard-fishery, 252.

Design for a complete suite of salmon-ponds, 103.

Desire for more herring statistics, 283.

Destruction of young fish, 478.

Destructive power of the trawl-net, 308.

Development of the herring, 240.

Dexterity of the herring-gutters, 270.

Diagram of herring-netting and fish, 282.

Dialect of the Moray Firth fisher-folk, 469.

Dialogue between a fishwife and her customer, 427.

Differences in size, shape, and flavour of the herrings of different places, 230.

Different countries must have different fishing seasons, 299.

Different kinds of cured herrings, 271.

Different kinds of sea-fish, 155.

Difficulties in the way of collecting spat, 362.

Difficulties of obtaining accurate information about the herring, 235.

Difficulty of obtaining statistics of fisheries, 66, 285.

Dimensions of the great heer, 228.

Diminution of lobsters, 318.

Discipline of Comacchio, 457.

Disparity in size of young salmon, 106.

Distinct races of herrings, 230.

Dish of crablets, 344.

Distribution of cured eels, 462.

Distribution of fish, 37.

Diving for pearls in Scotland, 407.

Division of labour in Fittie, 450.

Do fish live a separate life?, 9.

Does an oyster yield its young in millions?, 339.

Dogfish, diminution of, in 1862, 274.

Dogger Bank fishery, 303.

Doon pearl-fishery, 408.

Doon pearls inferior, 409.

Do the herring live singly up till the period of spawning?, 238.

Double migration of the salmon, 193.

Doubts as to former abundance of fish, 479.

Dr. Dod on the herring and sprat, 239.

Drawbacks to oyster-farming in France, 354.

Drawing of a two-year-old smolt, 189.

Drawings of the pearl-mussel, 399.

Dredging for oysters at Cockenzie, 377.

Dredging for pearls, 407.

Dress of a Newhaven fishwife described, 429.

Drift versus trawl nets, 250.

Dunbar herring-fleet, 443.

Duke of Athole’s marked fish, 190.

Dutch fishing industry, 41.

Duties of fishermen, 490.

Duty charged on French fish, 61.

Duty of the coopers at the herring curing, 262.

Early fish commerce, 35.

Earnings of trawlers, 319.

Economy of the herring shoals, 277.

Edible Crustacea described, 391.

Edible molluscs, 384.

Edinburgh oyster-ploys, 345.

Edinburgh oyster-taverns, 345.

Eel-breeders, the, of Comacchio, 45.

Eel-cooking at Comacchio, 460.

Eel-curing at Comacchio, 461.

Eel-fair, 19.

Eel, the, 17.

Effects of the concentration of a thousand boats on one shoal of herrings, 283.

Effects of a storm on the Moray Firth, 472, 473.

Effects of royal notice on the fishwives, 429.

Effects of the discovery of Mr. Dempster, 205.

Egg-boxes at Huningue, 83.

Egg-boxes at Stormontfield, 104.

Egg-laying by the hen lobster, 392.

Eggs of the salmon kind just hatching, 13.

Emotions of the first oyster-eater, 343.

Enemies of the salmon, 199.

Engaging of boats for the herring-fishery, 255.

English lakes, the, 153.

English river scenery, 148.

English salmon-fisheries, 217.

English trawl fishermen, 308.

Enterprise of the Scottish herring-curers, 259.

Enthusiasm of those concerned in the herring-harvest, 246.

Episode of a cradle, 468.

Erroneous information as to pearls, 409.

Estimated quantity of oysters in various stages of growth, 368.

Evidence on the trawl question, 312.

Exaggeration as to supplies of fish, 481.

Example of a well-managed salmon stream, 215.

Examples of nicknames among fishermen, 467.

Excess of herrings cured in 1862, 273.

Excitement on shore during a storm, 326.

Excitement on the coast during the herring season, 247.

Expense of forming an oyster-bank, 352.

Expenses of fishing-vessels, 310.

Experience as to the Tweed fisheries, 224.

Experiment in fructifying fish-eggs, 8.

Experiments in oyster-breeding in the Bay of St. Brieuc, 351.

Experiments in pearl-fishing in the Scottish lochs, 406.

Experiments with salmon ova in ice, 119.

Exportation of salmon ova, 119.

Exquisite flavour of the green oyster, 362.

Extension of legislation on the salmon question, 204.

Extension of pisciculture, 117.

Extension of the Scotch pearl-fishery, 402.

Extension of the salmon trade, 205.

Extent of business done in oysters at Whitstable, 366.

Extent of French fisheries, 91.

Extent of oyster-beds in the Firth of Forth, 375.

Extent of the Gadidæ family, 287.

Extent of the mussel-farm in the Bay of Aiguillon, 412.

Extent of the river Tay, 209.

Extent of trawling, 311.

Extraordinary scene on the river Doon, 404.

Exuviation of the lobster, 391.

Eyemouth, 438.

Fable, Italian, 452.

Facts of the herring question, brought out before the British Association, 232.

Failure of the Ceylon pearl-fisheries, 400.

Faithfulness of salmon to their old haunts, 193.

Falling-off in the herring supply attributed to the trawl, 314.

Falling-off of certain rivers, 205.

Falling-off of oyster supplies in France, 347.

Fancy picture of the growth of a fishing hamlet, 419.

Fascines for oyster-breeding, 351.

Farms for oysters in Kent and Sussex, 366.

Faroe cod-banks, exhaustion of, 303.

Faversham oyster-grounds, 367.

Fearful scene, 329.

Feats performed by Fisherrow women, 435.

Fecundity of crabs, 383.

Fecundity of fish, 5.

Fecundity of lobsters, 383.

Fecundity of shell-fish, 383.

Feeding and digestive power of fish, 4.

Feeding-ground, influence of the, on fish, 29.

Fife, the coast of, 438.

Figures appertaining to herring-fishery of 1862-63, 273.

Figures illustrating the August herring-fishery at Wick, 280.

Figures of the Dutch fishery, 44.

Figures of the Wick catch of herrings, 279.

Findon, 448.

Fine flavour of the green oyster, 362.

Finesse by a fishwife, 427.

Finnan haddocks, 290, 448.

Firth-built fishing-boats, 440.

Firth of Forth whitebait, 24.

Fish auctioneers, 437.

Fish cadgers and hawkers, 442.

Fish-breeding in Norway, 75.

Fish-capture by line, 305.

Fish-commerce, 34.

Fish-commerce in France, 60.

Fish-communities, 295.

Fish-culture, 69.

Fish-culture in Italy, 71.

Fish-dinners, 23.

Fisher-folk’s philosophy of marriage, 431.

Fisher-folk, the, 418.

Fisheries of Holland, 44.

Fishermen’s antipathy to swine, 434.

Fishermen, differences of opinion among, 30.

Fishermen of Eyemouth, condition of the, 438.

Fishermen’s belief in luck, 257.

Fishermen’s children, 445.

Fishermen should grow their own bait, 147.

Fishermen’s nicknames, 466.

Fishermen’s wives, 323.

Fisher-names, 467.

Fisher-people’s notions of religious duty, 437.

Fisher-people the same everywhere, 418.

Fisherrow, 435.

Fisher weddings, 420.

Fishery statistics by a Buckhaven man, 442.

Fishes of the salmon family, 198.

Fish-guano, observations on, 491.

Fishing boats, best kind of, 272.

Fish insensible to pain, 3.

Fish labyrinth at Comacchio, 46.

Fish life and growth, 1.

Fishmarket at Bale, 81.

Fish-offal as manure, 331.

Fish-poachers, 135.

Fish-ponds, 38.

Fish quite local, 482.

Fish-shoal, growth of, 32.

Fish-table, 300.

Fish-tithe riots at Eyemouth, 438.

Fishwives at church, 428.

Fishwives’ finesse in bargaining, 427.

Fishwives of Newhaven, 424.

Fishwives of Paris, 456.

Fittie, 449.

Fixed engines of capture, 205, 206.

Flat fish, 156.

Flat fish consumed in London, 298.

Flat fish family, the, 297.

Flavour of different herrings, 230.

Flavour of fish, 28.

Floating with the tide, 266.

Fluctuation in the take of herrings at Wick, 232.

Fondness for dancing of the fisher-people, 421.

Fondness of gannets for herring, 283.

Food of the herring, 243.

Food of the mussel, 414.

Food of the oyster, 361.

Food of the salmon, 192.

Footdee or Fittie, 449.

Forbes Stuart and Co.‘s tables of the London salmon supply, 221.

Foresight of the oyster, 342.

Former abundance of fish doubted, 479.

Former scarcity of the haddock, 288.

Forming an oyster-farm, 355.

Foul salmon at Billingsgate, 204.

Four years’ work at oyster-farming, 356.

France, fishing industry in, 58.

Francis Sinclair, a herring-fisherman of Wick, 265.

Free Dredgers’ Company at Whitstable, 366.

Free fisheries a mistake, 489.

Free oyster-grounds, 368.

French boats interfering with the fishery, 318.

French fishwoman, 454.

French foreshores, industry on, 57.

French legend, 455.

French North Sea fisheries, 59.

French oyster-eaters, 344.

Frequent examination of oysters at Whitstable, 369.

Fresh herrings, 258.

Fresh-water fish, commerce in, 35.

Fresh-water fish not of much food value, 129.

Friday an unlucky day, 433.

From the parr to the smolt, 187.

Full versus shotten herrings, 241.

Functions of the Board of Fisheries, 486.

Fusaro, Lake, 348.

Future of the fisheries, 481.

Galbert’s trout establishment, 92.

Gadidæ, 285.

Gadidæ family, the, 289.

Galway fisheries, 117.

Gathering-in of the boats to the herring-fishery, 246.

Gathering the mussel-harvest in Aiguillon, 413.

General machinery of fish-capture, 304.

Geographical distribution of the herring, 234.

Geographical distribution of the oyster, 379.

Geologists’ paradise, 164.

George the Fourth’s fondness for Finnan haddocks, 448.

German pisciculture, 98.

Gipsy anglers, 135.

Glen Sannox, 175.

Glut of herrings at Billingsgate, 258.

Goatfell, 165.

Golden carp, 140, 145.

Gold-fish in factory ponds, 145.

Government by gyneocracy, 426.

Gravid salmon, treatment of, 114.

Great haul of salmon on the Thurso, 205.

Great storm on the Moray Firth, the, of 1857, 327.

Greed of Scottish dredgermen, 375.

Green oysters, 359.

Grieve, Mr., of the Café Royal, Edinburgh, 288.

Grilse growth, 191.

Grilse and smolt, 187.

Ground-plan of fish laboratory at Huningue, 82.

Ground suitable for breeding and fattening oysters, 361.

Group of Newhaven fishwives, 424.

Growth of a fishing village, 419.

Growth of a fish-shoal, 32.

Growth of fish, 1.

Growth of salmon ova, 12.

Growth of the mussel in the Bay of Aiguillon, 415.

Growth of the oyster-park system, 353.

Growth of the young salmon in Australia, 123.

Guano, fish, observations on, 491.

Gulf of Manaar pearl-fisheries, 400.

Gulf of St. Lawrence, 310.

Gunther’s opinion of the Silurus glanis, 126.

Gutters for hatching purposes at Huningue, 86.

Gutters of herring, 269.

Habits and character of the Fittie people, 451.

Habits of fish, 316.

Habits of the haddock, 289.

Habits of the pearl-oyster, 401.

Haddock, the, 287.

Haddocks, former scarcity of, 288.

Haddocks, where are they?, 30.

Half-decked boats, 307.

Happy fishing-grounds, 367.

Harbours, 302.

Harbour accommodation, want of, in Scotland, 272, 321.

Harvest of eels at Comacchio, 459.

Hashing of young fish not peculiar to the trawl, 320.

Has the oyster eyes?, 335.

Hatching of salmon, 11.

Hauling in the nets, 266.

Hawkers of fish, 442.

Hearing power of fish, 4.

Herring-buss, cost of, 51.

Herring-commerce, 254.

Herring-curing, 260.

Herring-fishing at Wick in August, 280.

Herring fishing at Wick in September, 281.

Herring, growth of the, 237.

Herring harvest, the, 263.

Herrings, calculations as to size of a shoal of, 6.

Herring spawn, 14.

Herring spawn offered for manure, 313.

Herring, the, described, 226.

Herring, the, its natural and economic history, 226.

Herring, the, shoals at Wick, 278.

Hints to the oyster-farmers, 364.

History of the herring-fishery, 49.

Hired hands at the herring-fishery, 248.

Hole Haven in Essex, lobster-stores at, 389.

Holibut, 295.

Homeward bound, 267.

Hooks, number of, on a fishing-line, 305.

How a fish breathes, 1.

How cod are cured, 293.

How does an oyster lie on its bed?, 335.

How long do herrings take to grow?, 236.

How the herrings are manipulated on arrival, 269.

How the herring-nets are worked, 249.

How the salmon-poachers proceed to work, 203.

How to buy and sell fish, 427.

How to catch cray-fish, 397.

How to angle in the sea, 159.

How to find out a false pearl, 410.

How to mark smolts, 196.

How to test a pearl, 410.

How to open the pearl-mussel, 408.

Hull trawlers, 309.

Huningue described, 82-85.

Huningue, difficulty of finding it, 80.

Ignorance of naturalists and fishermen, 287.

Ile de Re, 352.

Illustrations of oyster-growth, 338, 339.

Imitation by fishermen of marked salmon, 197.

Importance of cheap bait, 410.

Impossibility of catching spawn in the trawl-net, 317.

Impregnation of fish-eggs, 7.

Improvement in the manufacture of herring-nets, 278.

Improvement of Scottish fishing-boats, 307.

Improvement of the salmon-fisheries, 224.

Increase in the quantity of netting used at the herring-fishery, 277, 278.

Increase of boats and fishermen, 313.

Increase of the enemies of the herring, 242.

Increase of the herring, 7.

Incubation-hall at Huningue, 84.

Incubation of oyster-ova, 337.

Industry of the women at Auchmithie, 447.

Industry at Fisherrow, 436.

Industry of Buckhaven men, 439.

Industry of fishwives, 425.

Inferiority of Doon pearls, 409.

Information about the fisher-folk, 422.

Information as to the colour and structure of pearls, 409.

Information for pearl-seekers, 408.

Information for the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, 376.

Instinct of the salmon for change, 188.

Interior of a fisherman’s house, 430.

Introduction into British waters of strange fishes, 482.

Invention of mussel-culture, 410.

Inventor of the first oyster-pond, 343.

Investigation by the Town Council of Edinburgh into the state of their oyster-beds, 376.

Irish and Welsh pearls, 407.

Irish fish-carriage, 63.

Irish haddocks, 289.

Irish lobsters, 388.

Irish oyster blue-book, 371.

Irish white-fish fisheries, 304.

Italian fable, 452.

Italian pisciculture, 71.

Italian oyster-eaters, 344.

Jack in his element, drawing of, 141.

Jacobi’s experiments in artificial fish-breeding, 74.

Johnstone on the salmon-fisheries, 216.

Joint-stock fishing system, 441.

Joint-stock oyster company at Whitstable, 366.

Juries for regulating the oyster-fisheries, 371.

Justice to upper proprietors of salmon-fisheries, 487.

Juvenile fisher-folk, 430.

Keeping adult salmon till ripe for spawning, 107.

Kelaart’s account of the pearl, 401.

Kemmerer’s, Dr., tiles for oyster-culture, 361.

Killing of grilse hurtful to the fisheries, 207.

Kinsale oysters, 374.

Kitchen at Comacchio, 460.

Knox, Dr., opinion of the parr, 182.

Labours of Gehin and Remy in pisciculture, 76.

Lake Fusaro, 348.

Land-crabs, 393.

Land of a thousand lochs, 136.

Latest achievement in pisciculture, 126.

Laws devised for self-government at Ile de Re, 357.

Legal mode of capturing the herring, 248.

Legend of the first oyster-eater, 342.

Legend of the island of Sein, 455.

Leistering salmon, 204.

Length of white-fish fishing-lines, 305.

Lent, fish required during, 277.

Line-fishing, 306.

List of authorities, 499.

List of rivers in which the best pearls have been found, 406.

Living codfish, traffic in, 302.

Living crustacea, 387.

Lobster-bait, 162.

Лобстеры «с икрой», 393.

Lobster-commerce, 337.

Lobster-farming, 385.

Lobsters good for food all the year round, 398.

Localities for sea-angling, 162.

Loch Awe trout, 138.

Lochfyne herring, 28.

Lochfyne, view of, 249.

Lochleven pike, 140.

Lochleven trout, 28, 139.

Lochmaben, 27.

Logan fish-pond, 39.

London demand for shell-fish, 385.

London fish-supply, inquiries into the, 285.

London oyster-saloons, 373.

Lord Advocate’s salmon bill of 1862, 205.

Гибель «Шемрока», 322.

Lottery nature of the herring-fishery, 267.

Love of oysters by the ancient Romans, 380.

Lowe’s, Mr. James, opinion about the position of the oyster, 335.

Low state of the English salmon-fisheries, 217.

Luck a creed of the fishermen, 257.

Lucullus, 344.

Machinery of fish-capture, 305.

Machinery of herring-capture, 248.

Mackerel-fishery, 299.

Mackerel-growth, 21.

Mackerel, the, 299.

Madame Picard, the French fishwife, 456.

Manufactured Finnans, 290, 449.

Manufacture of sardines, 253.

March of the land-crabs, 393.

Marennes, 359.

Marine Department of France, 56.

Marked fish of the salmon kind, 197.

Marriage dinners among the fisher-class, 421.

Marriage scenes at Newhaven, 420.

Marrying and giving in marriage among the fisher-folks, 420.

Marshall, Peter, of Stormontfield, on the salmon, 195.

Martin and Gillone’s breeding establishment, 112, 113.

Mascalogne, the, or pike of America, 143.

Masculine character of the fishwife, 323.

Mathers the fisher-poet, 471.

Mayhew’s figures, 67.

Measurement of nets, 248.

Members of the herring family, 245.

Memoir on fish by a Chinaman, 70.

Methuen on the white-fisheries, 288, 480.

Methuen, the late Mr., brief sketch of his career, 259.

Microscopic observation of oyster-spat, 339.

Migration of the eel, 19.

Migration of the herring a mistake, 228.

Milton oysters, 372.

Mitchell on the distribution of the herring, 234.

Mitchell on the herring, 231.

Mode of capturing turbot, 296.

Modes of cooking oysters in New York, 381.

Mode of curing Yarmouth bloaters, etc., 271.

Mode of doing business of the Fisherrow women, 436.

Mode of dredging for oysters, 378.

Mode of fishing by line, 305.

Mode of growing the mussels in the Bay of Aiguillon, 415.

Mode of life at Comacchio, 458.

Mode of packing ova in ice, 119.

Mode of salmon-fishing on the Tay, 213.

Mode of selling fish by Newhaven women, 425.

Mode of spawning by the land-crabs, 394.

Mode of taking pilchards in Cornwall, 251.

Modes of sea-fishing in France, 57.

Money paid by curers of herring in bounty and arles, 256.

Money value of fresh-water fish in France, 92.

Money value of the Colne oysters, 370.

Monkbarns and Maggie Mucklebackit, 428.

Monkeys catching crabs, 386.

Monotonous life of the eel-breeders of Comacchio, 459.

Moral success of oyster-farming, 357.

Moray Firth ports, 302.

More boats and less fish on the Dogger Bank, 313.

More ways of killing salmon than angling, 203.

Mortality of herring, 15.

Movements of the herring at spawning time, 238.

Mr. Ramsbottom’s salmon manipulations, 102.

Multiplying power of the herring, 33.

Mussel-culture, 410.

Mussel-stakes, 411.

Mysterious fish, 26.

Narrow escape from extermination of the salmon, 475.

Natives, 368.

Natural and economic history of the oyster, 332.

Natural and economic history of the salmon, 177.

Natural enemies of the herring, 282, 283.

Natural history of the codfish, 291.

Natural history of the crustacea, 391.

Natural history of the eel, 47.

Natural history of the pearl-oyster of Ceylon, 401.

Natural history of the pilchard, 251.

Natural history of the sole, 298.

Natural history of whitebait, 23.

Naturalisation of fish in British rivers, 125.

Naturalist’s Library account of the herring, 235.

Necessity for two ponds at Stormontfield, 105.

Necessity of describing the fisher-folk, 418.

Nets, quantity used by a boat, 248.

Newbiggin, evidence by a fisherman of that place, 317.

New branch of shell-fishing, 398.

Newfoundland cod-fishery, 53.

Newhaven, 423.

Newhaven fishwives, 424.

Newhaven oyster-beds, 375.

New York, oyster-eating in, 381.

Nicknames of fishermen, 466.

Non-success of the winter herring-fishery in 1864, 275.

Northern Ensign, the, on the herring-fishery, 279.

North Sea white-fish fisheries, 304.

Norway lobsters, 389.

Note from the novel of the Antiquary, 426.

Nothing but herring, 268.

Notice of a hermit crab, 392.

Notice of Newhaven fishwives by the Queen, 429.

Notice of valuable pearls, 400.

Nova Scotia and Canadian fisheries, 54.

Number of barrels of herring caught at Wick, 278.

Number of buckies, 466.

Number of eggs in a herring, 5.

Number of men drowned on the north-east coast, 330.

Number of oyster-farms in France, 347.

Number of oysters on a fascine, 352.

Number of shells that contain pearls, 409.

Number of vessels fitted out for herring-fishery, 274.

Number of white-fish falling off, 317.

Nursing oyster-brood at Whitstable, 367.

Nursing the salmon, 15.

Objects of the English Fishery Act of 1861, 220.

Observations on fish-guano, 491.

Obvious abuses in connection with the economy of the fisheries, 284.

Occurrence at St. Monance, 434.

Oddities of the pearl-fisheries, 405.

Officer’s, Dr., account of the ova received in Australia, 120.

Official documents on the fisheries referred to, 66.

Official instructions to the herring-curer, 262.

Off to the herring, 264.

Old believers in old fish theories, 227.

One million of oysters eaten daily in Paris, 345.

Open versus decked boats, 272.

Operations of the Fishery Board, 284.

Opinion of Mr. Anderson on the salmon question, 207.

Opinion of Mr. Ffennell on the English Fishery Act of 1861, 220.

Opinions of a Billingsgate salesman, 320.

Opinions, different, about shell-fish, 333.

Orata, Sergius, 72, 343.

Organisation for supplying London with oysters, 366.

Origin of Buckhaven, 439.

Origin of Finnan haddocks, 290.

Origin of fisher colonies, 423.

Ossian, 174.

Our chief food fishes, 285.

Our Lady’s Port of Grace, 423.

Our skipper at Wick, 264.

Ova of the salmon, how it develops, 12.

Overfishing of the herring, 227.

Overfishing of the herring as pointed out by Mr. Cleghorn, 233.

Overfishing of the oyster, 347.

Overshooting, 169.

Owners of salmon fisheries on the Tay, 213.

Oyster-beds of Colne and Whitstable, 346.

Oyster-beds of Georgia, 380.

Oyster-breeding fascines, 351.

Oyster close-time, 336.

Oyster-eaters, 343.

Oyster-growth, 338.

Oyster, natural and economic history of, 332.

Oyster-parks described by Mr. Ashworth, 354.

Oyster-pyramid, 350.

Oyster-saloons of New York, 381.

Oyster-seekers, 373.

Oyster Street at Billingsgate, 374.

Oyster tiles, 363.

Oyster-women of Paris, 456.

Oysters able to move about, 342.

Oysters at one time nearly forgotten, 343.

Oysters hermaphrodite, 340.

Oysters, how they are made green, 359, 360.

Oysters in France, increase in price of, 64.

Oysters on trees, 379.

Oyster-ploys, 345.

Oysters, when in season, 336.

Packing herrings, 41.

Packing of trawled white fish, 311.

Pandore oysters, 377.

Paper on the herring read at British Association meeting, 1854, 231.

Paper on the sea fisheries of Ireland, 286.

Parr at a year old, 182.

Parr-growth, 180, 181.

Parr in salt water, 194, 195.

Parr-icide, 200.

Paris, revenue derived from fish by, 64.

Paucity of oyster-spawn during late years, 340.

Payment of fishermen on the St. Lawrence, 310.

Pearl-fisheries of Scotland, 398.

Pearl-seekers at work, 404.

Pearl-seekers, information for, 408.

Peat-smoked haddocks, 448.

Pennant’s opinion as to the haddock, 289.

Pennant’s story of the herring a myth, 228.

Percentage of salmon eggs hatched in Australia, 124.

Percentage of mussels that contain pearls, 408.

Percentage of oysters that arrive at maturity, 341.

Percentage of salmon ova that come to life, 200.

Perch, the, 151, 152.

Perforated chests for keeping lobsters alive, 387.

Perth as a centre for the angler, 213.

Periwinkle, a peep at the, 384.

Peter Marshall of Stormontfield as a pisciculturist, 111.

Petticoat government, 450.

Pickled herrings, discovery of, by the Flemings, 43.

Pictures of the Dutch fishery, 42.

Pig-feeding by means of parr, 200.

Pike, 140.

Pilchard, the, 251.

Pisciculture, 69.

Piscicultural establishment at Huningue, 76.

Pisciculture in China, 69.

Plan of a turtle-farm, 96.

Plan of cultivating oysters, 346.

Plan of fishing adopted at Yarmouth, 271.

Plan of smoking haddocks in Auchmithie, 446.

Plan of the salmon-ponds at Stormontfield, 100.

Planting and transplanting mussels, 414.

Playing a salmon, 131.

Plea for the total abolition of the brand, 263.

Plentifulness of salmon long ago, 476.

«Пожалуйста, вспомните о гроте», 332.

Plessix oyster-bed, 364.

Pleuronectidæ, 285, 295, 297.

Poaching as a trade, 202.

Points in the natural and economic history of the herring, 232, 233.

Ponds for fish, 38.

Pont oyster-grounds, 368.

Pooldoodies, 374.

Pope and Swift as oyster-eaters, 345.

Portessie, 321.

Powan, the, 29.

Practicability of artificial breeding on the Severn, 219.

Practical nature of French fish-culture, 95.

Prawn-catching, 396.

Prawns and shrimps, 395.

Preparation of the eels at Comacchio, 462.

Present price of haddocks, 288.

Prestonpans, 437.

Price of fish in France, 62.

Progress of Beef’s oyster-farm on the Ile de Re, 353.

Progress of herring growth, 237.

Progress of salmon growth, 179.

Progress of the parr, 105.

Progress of the ova in Australian waters, 122.

Progress of the people of Fittie, 451.

Proper stock of fish for the Severn, 218.

Proper time to shoot the nets, 265.

Proposal for a jubilee on the Severn, 218.

Proposal for a tax on the boats, 284.

Proportion of netting used and herring taken, 282.

Proportions of meat and shell in the oyster, 341.

Proposal to make each salmon river a joint-stock property, 223.

Proposal to note growth of sea-fish in a marine observatory, 17.

Proposal to sell the herring as they are caught, 257.

Prosperity of the fisher-folk, 440.

Price paid for pearls, 405.

Price of three haddocks in 1790, 288.

Primitive hatching apparatus, 115.

Primrose, Hon. Mr. Bouverie, 485.

Principal changes introduced by Tweed Acts, 216.

Private oyster-layings, 371.

Probable extinction of the Firth of Forth oyster-beds, 375.

Problem in salmon life by the Ettrick Shepherd, 185.

Process of curing the herring, 261.

Process of gutting the herring, 269.

Produce of the oyster greening claires, 361.

Productive power of shell-fish, 382.

Productiveness of artificial system, 90.

Profile of the ponds at Stormontfield, 101.

Profit of Beef’s oyster-farm, 353.

Profits of oyster-farming, 372.

Prosperity of the oyster-growers, 358.

Provisions of the salmon and trout Act of 1861, 221.

Public writers on the British fisheries, 474.

Pulteneytown heights, 264.

Pulteneytown quay, scene at, 267.

Purchasers of Scottish pearls, 403.

Quaint fishing villages of Normandy and Brittany, 454.

Qualifications of an angler, 135.

Quality of the herring captured in 1862, 276.

Quantity of herring branded in 1862, 273.

Quantity of netting employed in the herring-fishery, 277.

Quantity of pilchards sometimes obtained, 252.

Quantity of spawn from each oyster, 339.

Queensferry, whitebait ground near, 22.

Question of fish growth, 16.

Rapid growth of oyster-culture in Ile de Re, 352.

Rapid hatching of herring ova, 236.

Rapid transit, effect of, on the fisheries, 36.

Rapidity of salmon growth, 196.

Ravages of the herring shoals by codfish, 282.

Raw oysters the best for the stomach, 346.

Reasons of the fishermen for marrying on Friday, 420.

Recent fishing Acts for England, 219.

Recent reports of the Inspectors of English fisheries, 217.

Re-discovery of pisciculture, 73.

Red-letter days of August, 332.

Reel o’ Collieston, 422.

Regulation of British salmon-fisheries, 487.

Regulation of salmon-rivers, 488.

Regulation of the Scottish herring-fisheries, 484.

Relation between upper and lower proprietors of salmon rivers, 222.

Relation of the curer to the fishermen, 255.

Remedies for failing salmon supplies, 225.

Remy, the re-discoverer of pisciculture, 73.

Rental of French fisheries, 91.

Rental of Firth of Forth oyster-beds, 375.

Report of the Lochfyne commissioners on the herring, 235.

Reprehensible feature in herring commerce, 256.

Reproductive power of the oyster, 338.

Reproductive power of the oyster in green claires, 260.

Return from the beds on the Ile de Re, 356.

Revenue anticipated from licences on English rivers, 221.

Revenue from fish to the city of Paris, 64.

Revenue from oysters grown in Lake Fusaro, 349.

Revival of pearl-seeking in Scotland, 402.

Rev. Mr. Williamson on the double migration of salmon, 194.

Rhine salmon, 201.

Richmond’s, Duke of, salmon-fisheries, 215.

Rights of fishing in France, 91.

Rise in price of oysters at Ile de Re, 358.

Rise in the price of white fish, 301.

Rise of a herring-curer, 259.

River cray-fish, 397.

River Doon pearl-fever, 404.

Rivers of France, the, 73.

Roaming fish, 32.

Robertson’s Tweed salmon tables, 217.

Rockall fishery, 303.

Roe of the cod used in sardine-fishery, 254.

Round of labour at Auchmithie, 446.

Routine of oyster-work at Whitstable, 369.

Roxburghe, Duke of, as an angler, 130.

Salmo Ferox, 138.

Salmon a day or two old, 14.

Salmon and herring contrasted, 15.

Salmon-angling in the north of Scotland, 131.

Salmon-culture, 102.

Salmon-beds in the tributaries of the Tay, 209.

Salmon, commercial value of, 199.

Salmon, double migration of, 193.

Salmon egg, description of a, 10.

Salmon-growth versus cod-growth, 20.

Salmon in Australia, 118.

Salmon, natural and economic history of the, 177.

Salmon ova, period required to hatch, 13.

Salmon, progress of, in coming to life, 12.

Salmon-poaching, 202.

Salmon rivers, regulation of, 488.

Лосось, чем он питается? 192.

Salmon-watcher’s tower on the Rhine, 201.

Salting eels at Comacchio, 461.

Sardine-fishery in Brittany, 59, 253.

Scarcity of white fish, 313.

Scattering of oyster-spat, 337.

Scene in a Scottish herring-curer’s office, 469.

Scene in the Buckie small-debt court, 468.

Scene of Sir Walter Scott’s Antiquary, 444.

Scene on the waters, 265.

Scenes on the coast, 444.

Scenery on the Tay, 211.

Scientific and commercial fish-culture, 75.

Scotch name for the turbot, 297.

Scotch pearls in the middle ages, 402.

Scotland for trout, 134.

Scottish chap-books, 439.

Scottish fishing boats all open, 307.

Scottish fishing villages, glance at, 422.

Scottish herring-fishery, 50.

Scottish oyster-eaters, 345.

Scottish pearl-fisheries, 398.

Scottish prejudice against eels, 19.

Scottish salmon-streams, 209.

Scovell’s lobster-pond, 388.

Sea-angling, 154.

Sea-fish, proposal to note growth of, 17.

Sea-perch, 153.

Season for lobsters, 397.

Secret of oyster-culture, 346.

September fishery at Wick, 281.

September the right month for inaugurating the oyster season, 333.

Sergius Orata, 72, 343.

Series of ponds for artificial breeding on the Severn, 219.

Set-line fishing, 160.

Severn, the, 218.

Severn, suggestion for a pond on the, 116.

Sex of the oyster, 340.

Sexual instinct of fish, 10.

Shaking the herring out of the nets, 267.

Shape of a dredge, 378.

Shape of fish, 3.

Shad, 25.

Shaw of Drumlanrig, 74.

Shaw’s parr experiments, 185, 186.

Shell-fish fisheries, 382.

Short and simple annals of the fisher-folk, 462.

Shooting the nets, 265, 266.

Should there be a close-time for herring? 241, 242.

Shrimp-eggs, 383.

Shrimps and prawns, 395.

Shrimpers at work, 395.

Sickening of oysters, 336.

Signs and tokens among the fisher-people, 453.

Silurus glanis, 126-128.

Silver eel, the, 18.

Sillock-fishing in Shetland, 294.

Size and weight of salmon diminishing, 206, 207.

Size of oysters, 341.

Size of the codfish, 291.

Skate-liver oil, 293.

Sketch of fisher-life in the Antiquary, 429.

Sketch of the river Tay, 210, 211.

Slaughter of small-sized fish, 320.

Smaller varieties of the flat-fish, 298.

Smelling power of fish, 3.

Smolt and grilse, 187.

Smolt exodus of 1861, 110.

Smolt growth, 180, 181.

Social condition of the Newhaven fisher-folk, 430.

Social history of the oyster, 342.

Société d’Ecorage in France, 60.

Society of Free Fishermen at Newhaven, 377.

Soft crabs, 393.

Soles of a moderate weight best for the table, 298.

Sole, the, 298.

Song sung by the dredgers, 379.

Sophisticated oysters, 374.

Source of the Tay, 210.

Sowing and planting mussels, 414.

Spat-collecting tiles, 363.

Spawn of herring just hatched, 14.

Spawning at Tongueland, 114.

Spawning of oysters, 337.

Spawning periods of the herring, 236.

Spear for killing flat fish, 161.

Spearing flat fish, 161.

Spey, the, as a salmon stream, 214.

Sprat-controversy, 237, 239.

Sprat-fishery, 253.

Stake and bag nets, 208.

Stake-nets on the river Solway, 208.

Stakes on which to grow oysters, 364.

State of knowledge in Newhaven sixty years ago, 431.

Statements of trawlers, 314.

Statistics of boats and herring ports, 275.

Statistics of Colne oyster-beds, 370.

Statistics of English oyster-grounds, 367.

Statistics of Newfoundland fishery, 54.

Statistics of oyster-culture in the Ile de Re, 356.

Statistics of oyster-growth in Ile de Re, 365.

Statistics of rent and produce of fisheries on Tay, 213.

Statistics of Tweed fisheries, 217.

Statistics of Wick Herring-Fishery, 1865, 502.

St. James’s Day for oysters, 333.

Steamboat travelling, 443.

Steuart of Colpetty on the pearl, 400.

Stock of breeding fish proper for Tay, 214.

Stock of fish kept by Lucullus, 71.

Stoddart’s calculations as to salmon growth, 111, 200.

Store-boxes for crabs and lobsters, 387.

Stories about the pike, 142.

Storm scenes on the Moray Firth, 328.

Storm of October 1864, 322.

Stormontfield, proceedings at, 13.

Striking example of the effect of bag-nets on the Tay, 206.

Summer time of Wick’s existence, 247.

Superstition as to the name of Ross, 468.

Superstition of the fisher-folk, 432.

Supposed migration of turbot, 296.

Supposed spawn of turbot, 286.

Sutherland lochs, 136.

Table of oyster reproduction, 371.

Tabular view of the August and September herring-fishery at Wick, 280, 281.

Tabular view of the fish seasons, 300.

Tabular view of the herring-harvest of 1862, 276.

Tackle for sea-angling, 157.

Tay before and after stake-nets, 214.

Tay, the, as a salmon stream, 209.

Tay, the river, its fish and commerce, 79.

Tax on oysters at Billingsgate, 374.

“Tee”-names, 466.

Templeman’s evidence, 313.

Temperature of the river Plenty in Australia, 121.

Tempest on the Moray Firth, 325.

Thames and other anglers, 130, 151.

Thames, attempts to re-stock that river with fish, 24.

Thames, the, 148, 149.

The bounty system in the herring-fishery, 256.

The cause of the migratory habits of salmon, 194.

The cook and the grouse, 287.

The Dead Man’s Ferry, 455.

The dredging song, 379.

The eastern pearl-fishery, 400.

The first oyster-eater, 342.

The first oyster eaten as a punishment, 343.

The herring-fishery, preparations for, 246.

The food of fishes, 31.

The greening of oysters, 359, 360.

The herring a local fish, 229.

The herring-fishery a lottery, 257.

The latest English salmon Act, 221.

The laird and the laddie, an anecdote, 406.

«Человек в черном пальто», 433.

The mussel as food, 416.

Theories about eels, 18.

Theory as to the growth of smolts, 196.

The pearl-fever on the Doon, 403.

The pearl-mussel, 398.

The pearl shell-fish, 398.

The present Fishery Board, 263.

The senses of fish, 3.

The women of Auchmithie, 446.

The world of fish depicted, 394.

Thinning the mussels, 415.

Tiber, fish of the, 72.

Tiles for receiving the spat of oysters, 363.

Time of fishing for herring, 245.

Time required for hatching herring-ova, 239.

Time when the lobster becomes reproductive, 391.

Torbay fisherman, evidence by a, 315.

Total catch of Herrings for 1865, 503.

Tour among the Scottish fisher-folk, 419.

Tourist talk about fish, 78.

Town of Comacchio, 459.

Trade in shrimps, 397.

Traffic in living codfish, 302.

Transformation of herring-gutters, 270.

Travelling in France, 78.

Trawled fish not fit for market, 314.

Trawler, a, 309.

Trawling at particular places exhausts the shoals, 312.

Trawling for herrings, 249.

Trawling increases the fish, 316.

Trawling on the French coast, 57.

Trawl question, the, 308.

Trout produced at five centimes each, 94.

Trout, the, 133.

Tummel, river, 210.

Turbot, 296.

Turbot fishing, 315.

Turbot, natural history of the, 287.

Turtle-culture, 96.

Tweed Acts of 1857-59, 216.

Tweed poachers, 203.

Tweed tables of weight and size, 207.

Twelve fish for a penny, 89.

Unchangeable nature of the fishing class, 425.

Unger’s revival of the Scottish pearl-fishery, 402.

Unparalleled destruction of the seed of fish, 243.

Upper proprietors of salmon-fisheries, 487.

Uses of the codfish, 292.

Uses of the sillock, 295.

Use of the trawl-net in turning up food for the fish, 316.

Value of a cod-roe, 292.

Value of boats and nets lost in the storm of 1848, 330.

Value of early-caught herring, 258.

Value of mussels at Aiguillon, 417.

Value of salmon at present, 477.

Value of Scottish pearls, 403.

Value of the close-time for salmon, 201.

Value of the oyster stock at Whitstable, 366.

Varied manipulation at Stormontfield, 105.

Varieties of cod, 294.

Varieties of crustacea, 383.

Varieties of fish suitable to breed in ponds, 39.

Various modes of catching crabs, 386.

Various ways of fishing for the pearl-mussel, 405.

Vendace, the, 26.

View of a herring-curing yard, 261.

View of a mussel-farm, 412.

View of Huningue, 83.

View of oyster-claires, 357.

View of oyster-parks, 355.

Village of Auchmithie, 445.

Virginia oyster-beds, 380.

Достоинства «холодного железа», 433.

Visit of the smolts to the sea, 190.

Vivian, Mr., of Hull, on trawling, 311.

Viviparous fish, 16.

Voracity of pike, 142.

Wages at Comacchio, 458.

Waiting for the fish to strike, 266.

Walter Scott on the fishwives, 426.

Walton’s plan of hurdles for the culture of mussels, 411.

Want of a close-time a great fish-destroying agency, 243.

Want of harbour accommodation, 302.

Want of more knowledge about our shell-fish, 382.

Want of precise information as to fish-growth, 16.

Warnings, 453.

Waste places in England suitable for fish-culture, 116.

Weather during the fishing of 1862, 276.

Weather prophecies of the Board of Trade, 331.

Weight of trout, 133.

Welled boats, 306.

Welsh and Irish pearls, 407.

Whale-fishery, the, 55.

What has been accomplished at Stormontfield, 109.

Чем питается лосось? 192.

What we desire to know of all fish, 21.

Каким будет будущее британского рыболовства? 481.

Когда устрицы становятся способными к размножению? 339.

Когда нерестится тюрбо? 287.

When Gadidæ are in season, 286.

When herring are in best condition, 240.

Когда следует вылавливать сельдь? 241.

When white fish are in season, 300.

Where are the haddocks? 30, 288.

Where the best turbot are got, 296.

Where the oyster spawn goes, 340.

«Усатые пандоры» (устрицы), 377.

Whitebait, 22.

Whitebait found in many rivers, 22.

Whitebait poor eating, 23.

White-fish fisheries, the, 285.

White-fish fisheries of Ireland, 304.

White fish when in season, 299.

Whitehills harbour, 321.

Whiting, the, 294.

Whitstable, 366.

Кем был Оссиан? 174.

Wick during the herring season, 268.

Williamson, Rev. D., on the salmon, 193.

Winter fishing at Wick, 274.

«Мудрый Вилли и остроумная Эппи», 439.

Wives of the oyster-farmers, 362.

Wolfsbrunnen trout-pond, 39.

Woodhaven salmon station, 212.

Working a mussel-farm, 416.

Working an oyster-bed, 368.

World of fish, the, 394.

Yarmouth, 271.

Yarmouth boats, their size and cost, 271.

Yarmouth, the great fishery at, 49.

Yarrell’s account of the herring, 231.

Yarrell’s and Buist’s opinion about the parr, 183.

Young’s experiments on the parr, 186.

Yield of a bouchot, 416.

Отпечатано Р. Кларком, Эдинбург.

ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ:

[1] По этому вопросу рыбоводства у меня состоялся следующий разговор с рыбаком (pêcheur), у которого есть небольшое хозяйство в пригороде Страсбурга, на дороге к Мосту лодок:—

«По вашей системе вы собираете икру рыб в реках Швейцарии и Германии либо с нерестилищ, либо непосредственно у родителей, которых затем варварски убивают и продают, как нам сказали в Юнинге, а икру могут отправить на обогащение какому-нибудь частному спекулянту на севере Франции. Но не обеднеют ли в свою очередь реки, из которых берется икра?»

«О нет; система рыбоводства предполагает, что мы получаем только ту часть икры, которая в противном случае была бы потеряна».

«Как вы думаете, какова доля молоди лосося, достигающей товарного размера при обычных условиях роста?»

«Она очень мала. Восемнадцатифунтовая рыба дает восемнадцать тысяч икринок. Что ж, одна треть из них, по всей вероятности, избежит оплодотворяющего воздействия молок, другая треть, скорее всего, никогда не оживет — икра либо погибнет от естественных причин, либо будет съедена другими рыбами; так что, как видите, только шесть тысяч, или одна треть всей икры, когда-либо оживет».

«Ну, это хорошо, насколько это возможно; но вы совсем не защищаете мальков, вы только обеспечиваете передачу икры из Юнинга».

«Да; но икра — это больше половины дела. Из восемнадцати тысяч икринок лосося вы, обеспечив защиту, выведете по крайней мере пятнадцать тысяч рыб; и тогда их не выпустят в воду, пока они не будут вполне способны позаботиться о себе и выдержать борьбу за жизнь».

«Предположим, это так, как вы говорите, и вы можете выращивать рыбу в прибыльных количествах, не повредит ли расширение системы рыбоводства породе в конечном итоге?»

«Я не думаю, что повредит. Мы применяем эту систему во Франции уже более двадцати лет в том или ином масштабе, и я не слышал, чтобы рыбе был нанесен какой-либо ущерб».

[2] Поскольку я лично присутствовал при исходе 1861 года, я прилагаю краткий отчет о том, что произошло, из газеты Perth Courier:—

«В прошлую субботу г-н Бьюст в сопровождении г-на Бертрама из Эдинбурга и других джентльменов посетил пруды Стормонтфилда с целью выяснить состояние рыбы и дать инструкции относительно выпуска смолтов. В течение восьми дней смотритель наблюдал явные признаки стремления к свободе у значительной части своих чешуйчатых подопечных, и многие из них ушли в ручей, ведущий к резервуару у реки, где рыбу раньше ловили и метили. Когда группа прибыла, они обнаружили в резервуаре довольно много рыбы — тех, кто пытался выбраться ночью. Смолты были крупными и в хорошем состоянии; и одна рыба, которую держали три года, чтобы выяснить, будет ли вид расти в пресной воде без возможности посещать море, оказалась вдвое больше самого крупного смолта. Также было найдено некоторое количество парров того же возраста, что и смолты, и выведенных от тех же родителей, размером с гольянов, с четко выраженной парровой меткой. Увидев положение дел, г-н Бьюст дал указания убрать шлюзы и позволить тем, кто стремится к миграции, получить свободу без мечения в этом сезоне. Значительное число рыб сразу устремилось в реку, и теперь никаких препятствий для свободной миграции чиниться не будет. Икра, из которой получились нынешние мальки, была помещена в ящики в разное время в период с 15 ноября по 13 декабря 1859 года; а уход смолтов начался 18-го числа текущего месяца. Весь выводок, насчитывающий, по оценкам, около 200 000 рыб, является продуктом 19 самцов и 31 самки лосося. Аномалия, при которой половина мальков достигает состояния смолтов и покидает пруды, будучи всего годовалыми, а другая половина остается, до сих пор, как предполагалось, объяснялась тем, что более ранние рыбы были потомством лосося, а более поздние — грильса. Эксперимент этого года снимает этот вопрос, опровергая данное предположение. Г-н Бьюст в ноябре 1859 года отдал приказ, чтобы для целей прудов брали только лососей. Результат — та же аномалия. Хотя все мальки в этом году в прудах являются потомством лосося, как обычно, только половина из них достигла состояния смолтов, в то время как остальные по-прежнему выглядят как парры. Это, пожалуй, самая важная особенность операций этого года. В начале 1860 года из-за неблагоприятного для вылупления сезона весь выводок казался особенно хилым и плохо развитым, и вряд ли ожидалось, что кто-либо из них вообще станет смолтом в этом году. Однако около месяца назад ранние опасения развеялись; значительная часть мальков начала приближаться к состоянию смолта и с начала мая стала приобретать свой серебристый наряд, и теперь они развиты не хуже, чем те, что находятся в открытой реке».

[3] «Чтобы публика могла понять, какое огромное количество рыбы составляет 770 000, я упомяну, что, по расчетам «летописца» г-на Джеймса Лоу, количество людей, собравшихся приветствовать прибытие принцессы Уэльской, составляло 700 000: представьте себе по лососю на каждого человека, и вы получите представление о количестве рыб, которое г-н Эшворт вывел в качестве запаса для своих рыболовных угодий». — Лекция г-на Бакленда.

[4] С тех пор как вышеизложенное было написано, в Англию поступили сведения о потере — путем побега в реку (что не было бы потерей), или смерти, или, вернее, «таинственного исчезновения» — большого количества мальков; в пруду осталось всего пятьсот. Им позволили уйти в реку, и мы все еще можем надеяться услышать об их безопасности и благополучии. Я надеюсь, что заинтересованные лица не будут терять времени, теперь, когда они знают путь к успеху, и отправят еще одну партию икры, чтобы обеспечить выпуск в реку нескольких тысяч молодых рыб.

[5] В очень старом номере журнала Scots Magazine я нашел следующее: «Мне рассказал джентльмен, присутствовавший на лодочном лове на реке Спей возле замка Гордон в апреле, что при вытягивании сети было извлечено большое количество смолтов, с которыми рыбаки не хотели расставаться; но один джентльмен, знавший естественную склонность лосося возвращаться в родную реку, убедил их выпустить их обратно в воду, заверив, что через два месяца они поймают большинство из них уже взрослыми грильсами, которые будут стоить гораздо дороже. В то же время он заключил пари на пять гиней с другим присутствовавшим джентльменом, который был несколько сомневающимся, что его предсказание сбудется. Рыбаки согласились. Соответственно, он отрезал часть хвостовых плавников у нескольких из них, прежде чем бросил их в реку; и в течение установленного срока рыбаки действительно поймали более сотни таких меченых грильсов, а вскоре после этого — еще многих».

[6] Рейн — отличная лососевая река, дающая большое количество рыбы. Пять рыболовных станций в Роттердаме очень продуктивны, каждая из них дает около 40 000 лососей в год; и не будет преувеличением оценить продукцию этих промыслов в 25 000 фунтов стерлингов в год.

[7] Французское правительство отменило импортную пошлину на лосося в 1856 году, когда некачественный лосось начал экспортироваться в эту страну во время британских периодов запрета на вылов по цене 7000 фунтов стерлингов в год. Один недавний автор в журнале Fraser’s Magazine был проинформирован ведущим продавцом рыбы 16 ноября, что в тот день в Биллингсгейте находилось десять тонн свежевыловленного лосося с реки Твид, через два месяца после начала запретного периода, и вопреки тому, что считалось эффективным специальным законодательством для этой реки!

[8] В качестве примера многочисленных абсурдных утверждений, которые распространялись о рыбе, читатель может изучить следующий абзац: «Старые рыбаки из Данбара говорят, что сельдь нерестится так: во-первых, самки сельди откладывают икру в каком-нибудь удобном месте на песчаном или галечном дне; во-вторых, самцы затем распространяют свои молоки по всей икре, чтобы защитить ее от врагов, а также от воздействия приливов и волн, которые могут ее сдвинуть. Рыбаки также говорят, что когда молодь сельди вылупляется, она может видеть и плавать; оболочка из молок лопается, и они могут свободно плавать. Некоторые натуралисты думают, что икра и молоки сельди просто перемешиваются и оставляются на песке, чтобы прорастать и развиваться. Идея рыбаков кажется более вероятной из двух мнений».

[9] «Мы понимаем, что около 100 лодок были наняты для лова во Фрейзерборо из Портсоя, Портноки, Баки, Портгордона и других рыбацких деревень. Точные условия найма мы приводим ниже из авторитетного источника. Условия таковы: 15 шиллингов за кран (мера объема), с бонусом в 15 фунтов стерлингов, 2 фунта на жилье, 1 фунт в качестве задатка, а также перевозка сетей и место для сетей. Перевозка сетей и место для сетей стоят от 3 фунтов 10 шиллингов до 4 фунтов, так что условия равны 15 шиллингам за кран и от 21 фунта 10 шиллингов до 22 фунтов в качестве полного бонуса». — Banff Journal.

[10] С тех пор как вышеизложенное было написано, был опубликован отчет комиссаров за 1864 год, но цифры настолько незначительно отличаются от показателей 1863 года, что нет необходимости приводить их подробно: общее количество засоленной сельди уменьшилось на 11 166¼ баррелей, в то время как число занятых лодок и людей увеличилось на 140 лодок, 126 рыбаков и мальчиков, а оценочная стоимость лодок и сетей возросла на 29 931 фунт стерлингов. Зимний сельдяной промысел на северо-восточном побережье около Уика, Либстера и Хелмсдейла, вопреки ожиданиям, был совершенно неудачным. Вероятной причиной стало очень бурное состояние погоды, которое не позволяло лодкам выходить в море. Таким образом, этот год не дает никаких доказательств ни за, ни против мнения о том, что сельдь существует в количествах, достаточных для того, чтобы сделать зимний сельдяной промысел прибыльным у побережья в зимние месяцы.