299. Poor Evans. See ante, p. 238.
300. Mr. Cobbett himself, etc. See ante, p. 224.
301. His Lisbon Job. Canning had gone to Lisbon in 1814, and had been appointed ambassador extraordinary, at a salary of £14,000, to receive the King of Portugal on his return from Brazil. The king did not return after all, and Canning’s appointment was represented by the Opposition as a job. A vote of censure was moved in the House of Commons on May 6, 1817, and defeated by a majority of 174.
301. ‘Duller,’ etc. Hamlet, Act I. Scene 5.
‘The dim suffusion,’ etc.
‘But thou
Revisit’st not these eyes, that roll in vain
To find thy piercing ray, and find no dawn;
So thick a drop serene hath quenched their orbs,
Or dim suffusion veiled.’
Paradise Lost, III. 22–26.
‘Making Ossa,’ etc. Hamlet, Act V. Scene 1.
302. ‘As gross,’ etc. Othello, Act III. Scene 3.
303. ‘A necessity,’ etc. Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France. (Select Works, ed. Payne, II. 114).
‘Too foolish fond and pitiful.’ Hazlitt seems to refer to Lear’s words to Cordelia (Act IV. Scene 7), ‘I am a very foolish fond old man.’
‘Did never wrong,’ etc. Hazlitt seems to have in mind the words, ‘Know, Caesar doth not wrong, nor without cause will he be satisfied.’ Julius Caesar, Act III. Scene 1.
304. Exit by Mistake. Produced at the Haymarket in July, 1816. See Hazlitt’s Dramatic Essays.
305. On the Royal Character. From No. 20 (May 16, 1818) of The Yellow Dwarf.
306. ‘There’s a divinity,’ etc. Hamlet, Act IV. Scene 5.
307. Coates. Francis Cotes (1725–1770).
310. One Englishman. He means Burke.
Master of Hoyle. Edmond Hoyle’s (1672–1769) Short Treatise on the Game of Whist was published in 1742.
The Jockey club. Founded in the middle of the eighteenth century.
311. Cibber tells us. Apology for the Life of Mr. Colley Cibber, Chap. ii.
Jefferies. Jeffreys was appointed Lord Chief Justice in 1683, and is perhaps chiefly remembered for his famous circuit in the west of England in 1685 after the accession of James II., who made him Lord Chancellor.
The Fudge Family in Paris. From No. 17 (April 25, 1818) of The Yellow Dwarf.
‘Set it down, my tables.’ Hamlet, Act I. Scene 5.
‘A full solempne man.’ Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, Prologue, l. 209.
312. A merry Andrew. Gifford perhaps.
The more pitiful Jack-Pudding. It is plain from a note in The Yellow Dwarf that Hazlitt refers to Canning.
‘Immortal verse.’ L’Allegro, 137.
‘Tam knew,’ etc. Burns’s Tam O’ Shanter.
A late celebrated wit and orator. Probably Curran, who died in October 1817.
‘A certain little gentleman.’ Moore’s description of himself in the Preface to The Fudge Family in Paris.
Note. ‘I look down,’ etc. Othello, Act V. Scene 2.
313. In the ‘Vicar of Wakefield.’ Chapter xi.
‘The damnable face-making.’ Hamlet, Act III. Scene 2.
‘The flocci-nauci,’ etc. See ante, note to p. 33.
Dr. S——. Dr. Stoddart. See ante, note to p. 153.
And ‘find no dawn,’ etc. Paradise Lost, III. 24.
‘Blind mouth.’ Lycidas, 119.
‘His sweet voice.’ Coriolanus, Act II. Scene 3.
314. Billingsgate slang. Billingsgate was notorious for its coarse language as early as Fuller. See Wheatley and Cunningham, London Past and Present, I. 183.
314. ‘With shame,’ etc. Richard II., Act II. Scene 1.
‘Like a rebel’s whore.’ Macbeth, Act I. Scene 2.
Brangle, etc. Cf.
‘And Noise and Norton, Brangling and Breval,
Dennis and Dissonance, and captious Art.’
Pope, The Dunciad, II. 238–9.
‘The pillar’d firmament,’ etc. Comus, ll. 598–9.
315. ‘The sad historian,’ etc. ‘The sad historian of the pensive plain.’ Goldsmith, The Deserted Village, l. 136.
‘As precious,’ etc. Julius Caesar, Act II. Scene 1.
‘Return,’ etc. Letter IV.
E******. E—gl—d in the original.
317. Indignatio facit versus. See ante, note to p. 257.
318. ‘Yes—’twas a cause,’ etc. Letter XI.
319. ‘By the bye though,’ etc. Letter I.
‘Good Viscount S—dm—th,’ etc. Letter IX.
321. ‘They do not cut up,’ etc. Burke, Letter to a Noble Lord (Works, Bohn, V. 145).
Character of Lord Chatham. First published as one of the critical notices in The Eloquence of the British Senate.
‘A flame of sacred vehemence.’ Comus, l. 795.
323. ‘Flew an eagle flight,’ etc. Timon of Athens, Act I. Scene 1.
‘Sailing with,’ etc. Gray, The Progress of Poesy, ll. 116–7.
‘Both end and use.’ Cf. ‘His actions’, passions’, being’s use and end.’ Pope, Essay on Man, I. 66.
‘Laps it,’ etc. Comus, l. 257.
325. Character of Mr. Burke. First published in The Eloquence of the British Senate.
The following speech. On presenting to the House of Commons (on the 11th February 1780) a plan for the better security of the independence of Parliament, and the economical reformation of the civil and other establishments (Works, Bohn, II. 55).
326. ‘The elephant,’ etc. Paradise Lost, IV. 345–7.
‘Native and endued,’ etc. Hamlet, Act IV. Scene 7.
328. Note. In The Eloquence of the British Senate this note proceeded: ‘and he produced less effect on the mob that compose the English Public than Paine or Joel Barlow, at least at the time.’ Joel Barlow (1755–1812), the American poet, was, like Paine, an active sympathiser with the French Revolution.
329. ‘Alas! Leviathan was not so tamed.’ Cowper, The Task, II. 322.
The corner stone, etc. Psalms, cxviii. 22.
To the Jews, etc. 1 Corinthians i. 23.
333. ‘How charming,’ etc. Comus, l. 476.
336. Dr. Johnson observed. See his Life of Pope (Works, Oxford, 1825), VIII. 329.
Note. ‘Proud keep of Windsor.’ A letter to a Noble Lord (Works, Bohn, V. 137).
337. A person. Hazlitt’s early friend, Joseph Fawcett, perhaps. See Table Talk, On Criticism.
Character of Mr. Fox. From The Eloquence of the British Senate, where the ‘Character’ begins: ‘I have hitherto deferred giving any opinion on the talents of eminent speakers, till I could present the reader with something that might justify the encomiums passed upon them; as the following is one of the most memorable of Mr. Fox’s speeches, I shall prefix to it a sort of character, the best I can give, of this celebrated man.’ The speech referred to was on the War with France, delivered in 1794.
Note. ‘Craftily qualified.’ Othello, Act II. Scene 3.
339. ‘Whose sound,’ etc. King Lear, Act I. Scene 1.
That is an automaton. In The Eloquence of the British Senate Hazlitt has the following note to this passage: ‘I ought to beg pardon of the polite reader for thus rudely contrasting these two celebrated men and leaders of parties together. It has of late become more fashionable to consider them in the light of the United Friends. But as I am no sign-painter, I hope I may be excused for not adhering exactly to the costume of the times. This agreeable idea might however, if skilfully executed, be improved into a very appropriate sign for the tap-room of the house of commons. My Lord Howick the other day drew a pleasing picture of them shaking hands in Elysium. It must be owned that this is pretty and poetical. Happy, well assorted pair! Methinks I see you, bowing to one another, with repeated assurances of friendship and esteem, but half believed, just like—lord Grenville and lord Howick in the park! This was probably what his lordship had in his mind at the time: but as our young orators generally love to shew that they have read the classics, so perhaps his lordship was willing to shew that he had not forgot them. It is pleasing to see great men sweetening the cares of state with the flowers of poetical allusion; condescending to turn with a benign countenance from the serious realities of life, to the lighter scenes of fable and romance; still wandering, (as in their boyish days) with Dido and Æneas, and taking an imaginary trip from Downing Street to the Elysian Fields, and from the Elysian Fields back again! After all, I do not know that it would be any disgrace to Mr. Fox to associate with Mr. Pitt in the other world, if we recollect the company he kept in this. Lord H—— I believe, on the same occasion, quoted Dryden, and compared the late duke of Brunswick to Darius. Really, his lordship’s researches in poetry are astonishing; they are almost as extensive and profound as his knowledge of the affairs of Europe, or of the fate of battles! There is some excuse, however, for this last mentioned quotation, as though the passage quoted was by no means new in itself, yet the particular application of it must certainly have been very new to his lordship’s mind, and one which the public might not have been disposed to give him credit for without some positive evidence. To complete the solemnity of the scene, nothing more was wanting but for the whole house to have joined chorus in this affecting and well known specimen of elegiac sadness, particularly as it had been already set to music, one would suppose for this very purpose.’
Note 1. Hazlitt refers to an article on Fox by William Godwin published in The Morning Chronicle, Nov. 22, 1806.
Note 2. John Upton published an edition of The Faerie Queen in 1758.
340. Lord Lansdown. Lord Shelburne, created Marquis of Lansdowne in 1784.
342. ‘Jutting frieze,’ etc. Macbeth, Act I. Scene 6.
344. ‘With mighty wings,’ etc. Paradise Lost, I. 20–2.
345. ‘The dazzling fence of argument.’ Cf.
‘Enjoy your dear wit, and gay rhetoric,
That hath so well been taught her dazzling fence.’
Comus, ll. 790–1.
345. ‘An honest man’s the noblest work of God.’ Pope’s Essay on Man, IV. 248.
346. What Burke said of him. In a speech on the Army Estimates (Feb. 9, 1790), in which he replied to Fox’s eulogy of the French Revolution. See Works, Bohn, III. 273–4.
Character of Mr. Pitt, 1806. See ante, pp. 14 et seq. and notes.
349. Note. The passage referred to is from Pitt’s Speech on the Regency, delivered on January 16, 1789.
350. Pitt and Buonaparte. This essay by Coleridge is reprinted in Essays on His Own Times, vol. II. pp. 319–329. The editor (Coleridge’s daughter Sara, the wife of Henry Nelson Coleridge), referring to the essay, says (I. lxxxv. note), ‘“The character of Pitt” is given to my Father on the repeated testimony of Mr. Stuart, which indeed was scarcely needed to confirm the strong internal evidence of both style and matter.’ See J. D. Campbell’s Samuel Taylor Coleridge, p. 108.
356. An Examination of Mr. Malthus’s Doctrines. From No. 14 (April 4, 1818) of The Yellow Dwarf. In these concluding papers Hazlitt repeats the substance of the more elaborate criticism which he had already published in 1807, under the title of A Reply to Malthus. See that work and Hazlitt’s sketch of Malthus in The Spirit of the Age (vol. IV. of the present edition).
359. Major Torrens. Robert Torrens (1780–1864), who, after serving in the Royal Marines, retired on half-pay, and devoted himself to economical study.
361. This will never do. Perhaps this is a reference to the famous opening words of the Edinburgh Review article on Wordsworth’s Excursion (xxiv. p. 1). The Edinburgh had defended Malthus.
On the Originality of Mr. Malthus’s Essay. This essay does not seem to have been published in The Yellow Dwarf.
367. On the Principle of Population, etc. From Hazlitt’s Reply to Malthus, Letter III. See vol. IV. of the present edition.
371. ‘What conjuration,’ etc. Othello, Act I. Scene 3.
373. ‘These three bear record,’ etc. Cf. 1 John v. 7.
‘’Tis as easy as lying,’ etc. Hamlet, Act III. Scene 2.
374. ‘To this end,’ etc. Malthus’s Essay, etc. (2nd Ed. 1803), pp. 538–540.
375. Well answered by Mr. Cobbett. Cobbett addressed a letter ‘To Parson Malthus’ (Political Register, May 1819) beginning abruptly ‘Parson.’ ‘No assemblage of words,’ he says, ‘can give an appropriate designation of you; and therefore, as being the single word which best suits the character of such a man, I call you Parson,’ etc.
376. In a separate work. See his Reply to Malthus in vol. IV. of the present edition.
381. Queries relating to the Essay on Population. No. 23 of The Round Table series in The Examiner (Oct. 29, 1815), which is in the form of a letter addressed to the President of the Round Table, and begins as follows:—‘Sir,—You some time ago inserted in your Paper [Round Table, No. 26, Feb. 15, 1815] a letter from A Mechanic, who seemed strangely puzzled by a learned friend of his, who thwarts him in all his notions, political, moral, domestic and economical, by interrogatories put to him out of Mr. Malthus’s Essay on Population. I do not know whether your Correspondent has got rid of his troublesome acquaintance; but if he has not, I think he will be able to do it by putting to him the following questions as to the merits of Mr. Malthus and his work, which I met with in the course of my reading this morning, and which it appears to me to be incumbent on the admirers of that gentleman to answer, Aye or No.’
383. ‘Sicklied over,’ etc. Hamlet, Act II. Scene 1.
385. ‘Neither married,’ etc. St. Matthew xxii. 30.
‘Beware therefore,’ etc. Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, The Somnour’s Tale, ll. 2074 et seq.
ОБЪЯВЛЕНИЕ И Т. Д. ИЗ «КРАСНОРЕЧИЯ БРИТАНСКОГО ПАРЛАМЕНТА»
Все биографические и критические заметки, предваряющие избранные речи, воспроизведены здесь, за исключением (1) нескольких, состоящих только из дат, и (2) «характеристик» Чатема, Берка, Фокса и Питта. Они были переизданы Хэзлиттом в «Политических эссе» и будут найдены в настоящем переиздании этой работы (см. выше, стр. 321–350). Там, где есть две заметки об одном и том же ораторе, они напечатаны вместе под одним заголовком. В случаях, когда Хэзлитт специально упоминает конкретную речь, ниже приводится ссылка на нее. Сам Хэзлитт в оглавлении описал следующие как «основные биографические заметки», а именно: в т. I — Кромвель, Уитлок, лорд Белхейвен, мистер Пултени, лорд Честерфилд, сэр Джон Сент-Обин и сэр Роберт Уолпол; и в т. II — лорд Чатем, лорд Мэнсфилд, лорд Камден, мистер Берк, мистер Фокс и мистер Питт.
389. ‘Who strut and fret,’ etc. Macbeth, Act V. Scene 5.
390. ‘Wherein I saw them,’ etc. Hamlet, Act I. Scene 4.
‘Set the imprisoned wranglers free again.’ Cowper, The Task, Book IV. 34.
391. ‘The things themselves,’ etc.,
‘The things we know are neither rich nor rare.’
Pope, Prologue to the Satires, 171.
393. Sir Edward Coke. The speech selected by Hazlitt was delivered on a Motion for Supply, Aug. 5, 1625 (Parl. Hist. II. 11.). On a phrase of Coke’s ‘to petition the King rather for a logique than a rhetorique hand,’ Hazlitt has the following note: ‘This mode of expression seems natural enough to any one who was familiar with Cicero’s description of the difference between logic and rhetoric, and who knew that most of his hearers either were, or would be thought, equally learned. It was a convenient short-hand language to those who were hardly ever accustomed to think or speak but in classical allusions, and which no one could affect to misunderstand without first exposing his own ignorance:—it was a sort of word to the wise. So that its being abrupt and far-fetched would be a recommendation of it, and would even give it an air of simplicity with men of deep learning, as being more in the way of their habitual and favourite train of ideas. But this stile, which may be called the abstruse or pedantic, is soon exploded when knowledge becomes more generally diffused, and the pretension to it universal: when there are few persons who profess to be very learned, and none are contented to be thought entirely ignorant; when every one who can read is a critic; when the reputation of taste and good sense is not confined to an acquaintance with the Greek and Latin authors, and it is not thought necessary to a man’s understanding an eloquent discourse, or even to his making one, that he should ever have read a definition either of logic or rhetoric.’
393. Mr. Burke’s famous Bill. For the better security of the independence of Parliament and the economical reformation of the civil and other establishments. Hazlitt included in his selections Burke’s great speech (Feb. 11, 1780) introducing the Bill.
393. Sir Robert Cotton. The speech was delivered on Aug. 6, 1825 (Parl. Hist., II. 14).
394. Dr. John Williams. Speech on opening Parliament, Feb. 26, 1626 (Parl. Hist., II. 39).
Sir Heneage Finch. Speech on Feb. 6, 1626 (Parl. Hist., II. 41).
Sir Dudley Carleton. Speech on May 12, 1626 (Parl. Hist., II. 120).
395. Mr. Creskeld. Speech on the Detention of some Members of the House, March 25, 1627 (Parl. Hist., II. 240).
Sir Francis Rouse. Speech on June 3, 1628 (Parl. Hist., II. 377).
Sir John Elliott. Speech on Public Affairs, June 3, 1628 (Parl. Hist., II. 380).
A certain political writer. Cobbett presumably.
Sir Benjamin Rudyard. Speech on the State of Religion, June 3, 1628 (Parl. Hist., II. 385).
Edmund Waller. The speech referred to in the first paragraph was a speech on the Supply, April 22, 1640 (Parl. Hist., II. 555); that referred to in the second paragraph a speech praying for a mitigation of the sentence passed upon him by Parliament, July 4, 1643 (Parl. Hist., III. 140).
397. Dr. Joseph Hall. The speech which shews that ‘passion makes men eloquent’ was a speech in defence of the Church and Clergy, 1641 (Parl. Hist., II. 987).
Bulstrode Whitlocke. The speech referred to in the second paragraph was a speech on changing the old Law style, Feb. 1641 (Parl. Hist., II. 1078).
398. William Lenthall. Speech on Nov. 13, 1646 (Parl. Hist., III. 530).
Oliver Cromwell. Hazlitt gave the brief speech in the House of Commons on Dec. 9, 1644, another small fragment, and Cromwell’s speech dissolving the second Protectorate Parliament (Feb. 4, 1658).
John Thurloe. Speech in vindication of the Bill to tax Royalists (1656).
399. Richard Cromwell. Speech on the Meeting of Parliament (1658).
Charles II. Speech on the second Meeting of Parliament, May 8, 1661 (Parl. Hist., IV. 178).
Lord Bristol. Speech on the Test Act, March 15, 1672 (Parl. Hist., IV. 564).
400. Earl of Caernarvon. Speech on the impeachment of Lord Danby, Dec. 23, 1678 (Parl. Hist., IV. 1074).
Henry Booth. Speech on putting certain Justices out of commission (1681).
401. John, Lord Somers. Hazlitt gives the speeches of Somers, Lord Nottingham, Sir George Treby and Sir Robert Howard on the Abdication of James II. (1688).
‘In contempt of the people.’ See ante, note to p. 175.
402. Sir John Knight. Speech against the proposal for naturalising foreign protestants, March 1694 (Parl. Hist., V. 851). Knight concluded his speech with the motion ‘that the serjeant be commanded to open the doors, and let us first kick this Bill out of the house, and then foreigners out of the kingdom.’ Knight was member for Bristol 1692–1695, plotted for the restoration of James and died in obscurity in 1718.