ТРУДЫ АМЕРИКАНСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА ИНЖЕНЕРОВ-СТРОИТЕЛЕЙ
(ОСНОВАНО В 1852 Г.)
ТОМ LXVIII
SEPTEMBER, 1910
Под редакцией секретаря под руководством Комитета по публикациям. Перепечатка материалов из данного издания, защищенного авторским правом, допускается при условии указания полного названия статьи, имени автора и ссылки на страницу.
НЬЮ-ЙОРК
ИЗДАНО ОБЩЕСТВОМ
1910
Зарегистрировано в соответствии с Актом Конгресса в 1910 году Американским обществом инженеров-строителей в Бюро библиотекаря Конгресса в Вашингтоне.
Примечание. Общество как организация не несет ответственности за факты и мнения, изложенные в любых его публикациях.
CONTENTS
ПРОДЛЕНИЕ ТОННЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПЕНСИЛЬВАНСКОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗНОЙ ДОРОГИ В НЬЮ-ЙОРКЕ
Примечание составителя: перейдите по следующим ссылкам на сайт Проекта «Гутенберг»™, чтобы открыть каждую статью в новом окне.
NO.
PAGE
1150
THE NEW YORK TUNNEL EXTENSION OF THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD. By Charles W. Raymond
1
1151
THE NORTH RIVER DIVISION. By Charles M. Jacobs
32
1152
THE EAST RIVER DIVISION. By Alfred Noble
62
1153
MEADOWS DIVISION AND HARRISON TRANSFER YARD. By E. B. Temple
75
1154
THE BERGEN HILL TUNNELS. By F. Lavis
84
1155
THE NORTH RIVER TUNNELS. By B. H. M. Hewett and W. L. Brown
152
1156
THE TERMINAL STATION-WEST. By B. F. Cresson, Jr.
303
1157
THE SITE OF THE TERMINAL STATION. By George C. Clarke
340
1158
THE CROSS-TOWN TUNNELS. By James H. Brace and Francis Mason
391
1159
THE EAST RIVER TUNNELS. By James H. Brace, Francis Mason, and S. H. Woodard
419
МЕМОРИАЛЫ УМЕРШИХ ЧЛЕНОВ ОБЩЕСТВА
PAGE
John Fiske Barnard, M. Am. Soc. C. E.
479
Robert L. Engle, M. Am. Soc. C. E.
480
Charles Herbert Deans, Assoc. M. Am. Soc. C. E.
482
William Meier, Assoc. M. Am. Soc. C. E.
485
В этом томе и в следующем томе «Трудов» (том LXIX) будут содержаться все статьи с описанием продления Пенсильванской железной дороги в Нью-Йорке. Общий указатель, охватывающий оба тома, будет выпущен в томе LXIX.
Примечание составителя: нажмите на номер или название иллюстрации, чтобы открыть ее в увеличенном виде в новом окне. Нажмите на номер статьи, чтобы открыть статью в новом окне. Нажмите на номер страницы, чтобы открыть статью в новом окне и перейти на указанную страницу. (Все ссылки ведут на сайт Проекта «Гутенберг»™.)
ИЛЛЮСТРАЦИИ
PLATE
PAPER PAGE
I.
Map and Profile, Pennsylvania Tunnel & Terminal R. R., North Bergen Tunnel to Long Island City
1150
19
II.
Map and Profile, Harrison Yard to Bergen Hill Tunnel
1150
21
III.
Plan of Sunnyside Yard
1150
23
IV.
View of Tunnel Under Part of Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn, N.Y.
1151
37
V.
New York Underground Railway Company: Section Through Surface and Underground Stations
1151
39
VI.
Pennsylvania Railroad Extension: Map Showing Proposed Lines Leading to Those Finally Adopted
1151
45
VII.
Plan, Profile, and Triangulation, North River Tunnels
1151
47
VIII.
Typical Sections Between Manholes, Bergen Hill Tunnels
1151
51
IX.
Map of Manhattan Island from Twenty-third to Fortieth Streets
1152
63
X.
Manhattan Shaft, Lines A and B
1152
65
XI.
Long Island Shaft, Lines A and B
1152
67
XII.
Typical Tunnel Sections
1152
69
XIII.
Plan and Profile, East River Tunnels
1152
71
XIV.
Map and Profile, Cross-Town Tunnels
1152
73
XV.
Plan and Profile of Lines A and B, and Sunnyside Yard
1152
74*
XVI.
Plan and Profile of the Pennsylvania Tunnel & Terminal R. R., from Harrison, N. J., to the Hudson River
1153
77
XVII.
Plan of Harrison Yard
1153
79
XVIII.
Details of Shelters and Platforms, Harrison Transfer Station
1153
81
XIX.
Details of Shelters and Platforms, Harrison Transfer Station
1153
81
XX.a
Fig. 1. Lift Rail and Locking Device for Hackensack River Draw-Bridge
1153
83
XX.b
Fig. 2. Lift Rail and Locking Device for Hackensack River Draw-Bridge
1153
83
XXI.a
Fig. 1. Hackensack Portal, Bergen Hill Tunnels; Method of Using Cross-Section Rod; and Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete
1154
85
XXI.b
Fig. 2. Hackensack Portal, Bergen Hill Tunnels; Method of Using Cross-Section Rod; and Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete
1154
85
XXI.c
Fig. 3. Hackensack Portal, Bergen Hill Tunnels; Method of Using Cross-Section Rod; and Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete
1154
85
XXI.d
Fig. 4. Hackensack Portal, Bergen Hill Tunnels; Method of Using Cross-Section Rod; and Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete
1154
85
XXII.a
Fig. 1. Scaffold Car; Headhouse; and Round Holes in Concrete Forms
1154
87
XXII.b
Fig. 2. Scaffold Car; Headhouse; and Round Holes in Concrete Forms
1154
87
XXII.c
Fig. 3. Scaffold Car; Headhouse; and Round Holes in Concrete Forms
1154
87
XXII.d
Fig. 4. Scaffold Car; Headhouse; and Round Holes in Concrete Forms
1154
87
XXIII.
Record of Drilling, Air Pressure, Mucking, etc., in Bergen Hill Tunnels
1154
95
XXIV.a
Fig. 1. Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete; Water-Proofing, Portion of Completed Sand-Wall, etc.; and Methods of Placing Concrete in Forms and Bench-Walls
1154
119
XXIV.b
Fig. 2. Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete; Water-Proofing, Portion of Completed Sand-Wall, etc.; and Methods of Placing Concrete in Forms and Bench-Walls
1154
119
XXIV.c
Fig. 3. Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete; Water-Proofing, Portion of Completed Sand-Wall, etc.; and Methods of Placing Concrete in Forms and Bench-Walls
1154
119
XXIV.d
Fig. 4. Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete; Water-Proofing, Portion of Completed Sand-Wall, etc.; and Methods of Placing Concrete in Forms and Bench-Walls
1154
119
XXV.a
Fig. 1. Telephone and Telegraph Ducts and Mandrels; Tunnel Lining Forms; Placing Water-Proofing; and Section of Completed Lining
1154
129
XXV.b
Fig. 2. Telephone and Telegraph Ducts and Mandrels; Tunnel Lining Forms; Placing Water-Proofing; and Section of Completed Lining
1154
129
XXV.c
Fig. 3. Telephone and Telegraph Ducts and Mandrels; Tunnel Lining Forms; Placing Water-Proofing; and Section of Completed Lining
1154
129
XXV.d
Fig. 4. Telephone and Telegraph Ducts and Mandrels; Tunnel Lining Forms; Placing Water-Proofing; and Section of Completed Lining
1154
129
XXVI.a
Fig. 1. Form of Circuit-Breaker Chamber and Traveling Gantry; Forms for Storage Chamber; Rock Packing Over Arches; Method of Water-Proofing in Timbered Tunnels, etc.
1154
137
XXVI.b
Fig. 2. Form of Circuit-Breaker Chamber and Traveling Gantry; Forms for Storage Chamber; Rock Packing Over Arches; Method of Water-Proofing in Timbered Tunnels, etc.
1154
137
XXVI.c
Fig. 3. Form of Circuit-Breaker Chamber and Traveling Gantry; Forms for Storage Chamber; Rock Packing Over Arches; Method of Water-Proofing in Timbered Tunnels, etc.
1154
137
XXVI.d
Fig. 4. Form of Circuit-Breaker Chamber and Traveling Gantry; Forms for Storage Chamber; Rock Packing Over Arches; Method of Water-Proofing in Timbered Tunnels, etc.
1154
137
XXVII.a
Fig. 1. Method of Placing Water-Proofing and Keying Arch; View of Completed Tunnel; General View of Completed Hackensack Tunnel and Arches Through Cut-and-Cover Section; and View of Hackensack Approach
1154
145
XXVII.b
Fig. 2. Method of Placing Water-Proofing and Keying Arch; View of Completed Tunnel; General View of Completed Hackensack Tunnel and Arches Through Cut-and-Cover Section; and View of Hackensack Approach
1154
145
XXVII.c
Fig. 3. Method of Placing Water-Proofing and Keying Arch; View of Completed Tunnel; General View of Completed Hackensack Tunnel and Arches Through Cut-and-Cover Section; and View of Hackensack Approach
1154
145
XXVII.d
Fig. 4. Method of Placing Water-Proofing and Keying Arch; View of Completed Tunnel; General View of Completed Hackensack Tunnel and Arches Through Cut-and-Cover Section; and View of Hackensack Approach
1154
145
XXVIII.
Plan and Profile of Parts of North River Tunnels
1155
153
XXIX.a
Fig. 1. Weehawken Shaft; and Tunnel Shield Showing Hood
1155
159
XXIX.b
Fig. 2. Weehawken Shaft; and Tunnel Shield Showing Hood
1155
159
XXX.
Yard and Offices at Manhattan and Weehawken Shafts
1155
161
XXXI.
Tunneling Shield
1155
167
XXXII.
Thirty-Second Street Tunnels and Shield Chambers
1155
175
XXXIII.
General Methods of Excavation Adopted for Land Tunnels
1155
177
XXXIV.
Plan and Longitudinal Section of Weehawken Tunnels
1155
193
XXXV.a
Fig. 1. Apparatus for Cleaning and Rodding Electric Cable Ducts
1155
205
XXXV.b
Fig. 2. Apparatus for Cleaning and Rodding Electric Cable Ducts
1155
205
XXXVI.
Diagram Showing Lines and Grades in River Tunnel North
1155
229
XXXVII.
Cross-Section of Subaqueous Tunnels Showing Reinforcement
1155
231
XXXVIII.a
Fig. 1. Back of Shield in South Tunnel; and Rear View of Shield During Erection of First Ring of Iron Lining
1155
237
XXXVIII.b
Fig. 2. Back of Shield in South Tunnel; and Rear View of Shield During Erection of First Ring of Iron Lining
1155
237
* Примечание составителя: в оригинале 75.
PLATE
PAPER PAGE
XXXIX.a
Fig. 1. View of Meeting of Shields; and Lowering Segment into Tunnel Invert
1155
253
XXXIX.b
Fig. 2. View of Meeting of Shields; and Lowering Segment into Tunnel Invert
1155
253
XL.
Sections of Tunnel During Construction, Showing Shield, Air Locks, Platforms, Etc.
1155
255
XLI.a
Fig. 1. Placing Key Segment; and Method of Grouting Outside Iron
1155
257
XLI.b
Fig. 2. Placing Key Segment; and Method of Grouting Outside Iron
1155
257
XLII.
Duct Bench Concrete Form in River Tunnels
1155
283
XLIII.a
Fig. 1. End of Portable and Adjustable Forms for Building Side Bench; and Steel Rod Reinforcement in River Tunnels
1155
285
XLIII.b
Fig. 2. End of Portable and Adjustable Forms for Building Side Bench; and Steel Rod Reinforcement in River Tunnels
1155
285
XLIV.
Details of 20-Ft. Movable Form and Traveler for Concrete Arches
1155
287
XLV.
Traveling Concrete Form for Face of Bench Walls
1155
291
XLVI.
Mechanical Analysis of Sand Used in Mortar and Concrete
1155
297
XLVII.a
Fig. 1. Views Showing Condition of Work at Site of Terminal Station
1156
307
XLVII.b
Fig. 2. Views Showing Condition of Work at Site of Terminal Station
1156
307
XLVII.c
Fig. 3. Views Showing Condition of Work at Site of Terminal Station
1156
307
XLVII.d
Fig. 4. Views Showing Condition of Work at Site of Terminal Station
1156
307
XLVIII.a
Fig. 1. Views Showing Excavation and Supports for Ninth Avenue Structures
1156
317
XLVIII.b
Fig. 2. Views Showing Excavation and Supports for Ninth Avenue Structures
1156
317
XLVIII.c
Fig. 3. Views Showing Excavation and Supports for Ninth Avenue Structures
1156
317
XLVIII.d
Fig. 4. Views Showing Excavation and Supports for Ninth Avenue Structures
1156
317
XLIX.a
Fig. 1. Views Showing Underpinning for Ninth Avenue Elevated Railway
1156
321
XLIX.b
Fig. 2. Views Showing Underpinning for Ninth Avenue Elevated Railway
1156
321
XLIX.c
Fig. 3. Views Showing Underpinning for Ninth Avenue Elevated Railway
1156
321
XLIX.d
Fig. 4. Views Showing Underpinning for Ninth Avenue Elevated Railway
1156
321
L.a
Fig. 1. Views Showing Condition of Work Between Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and Progress on Concrete Walls
1156
325
L.b
Fig. 2. Views Showing Condition of Work Between Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and Progress on Concrete Walls
1156
325
L.c
Fig. 3. Views Showing Condition of Work Between Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and Progress on Concrete Walls
1156
325
L.d
Fig. 4. Views Showing Condition of Work Between Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and Progress on Concrete Walls
1156
325
LI.a
Fig. 1. Views Showing Box Drains and Tie-Rods in Walls; the Completed Tenth Avenue Portal; and the Disposal Trestle
1156
333
LI.b
Fig. 2. Views Showing Box Drains and Tie-Rods in Walls; the Completed Tenth Avenue Portal; and the Disposal Trestle
1156
333
LI.c
Fig. 3. Views Showing Box Drains and Tie-Rods in Walls; the Completed Tenth Avenue Portal; and the Disposal Trestle
1156
333
LI.d
Fig. 4. Views Showing Box Drains and Tie-Rods in Walls; the Completed Tenth Avenue Portal; and the Disposal Trestle
1156
333
LII.a
Fig. 1. Girders Under the Ninth Avenue Elevated Railroad; Method of Supporting Elevated Railway Columns; and View of Inside of Form for Walls, Showing Drains, Tie-Rods, Etc.
1156
335
LII.b
Fig. 2. Girders Under the Ninth Avenue Elevated Railroad; Method of Supporting Elevated Railway Columns; and View of Inside of Form for Walls, Showing Drains, Tie-Rods, Etc.
1156
335
LII.c
Fig. 3. Girders Under the Ninth Avenue Elevated Railroad; Method of Supporting Elevated Railway Columns; and View of Inside of Form for Walls, Showing Drains, Tie-Rods, Etc.
1156
335
LII.d
Fig. 4. Girders Under the Ninth Avenue Elevated Railroad; Method of Supporting Elevated Railway Columns; and View of Inside of Form for Walls, Showing Drains, Tie-Rods, Etc.
1156
335
LIII.
Pennsylvania Station, New York City; Plan Showing Area at Track Level
1157
341
LIV.
Diagram Showing Widths of Base of Retaining Wall Required for Different Batters and Pressures, Pennsylvania Station
1157
349
LV.a
Fig. 1. Material Trestle Over N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. Co.'s Tracks; and Construction of Pier No. 72, North River
1157
361
LV.b
Fig. 2. Material Trestle Over N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. Co.'s Tracks; and Construction of Pier No. 72, North River
1157
361
LV.c
Fig. 3. Material Trestle Over N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. Co.'s Tracks; and Construction of Pier No. 72, North River
1157
361
LVI.a
Fig. 1. Material Trestle Showing First Chutes in Operation; and Views of East and West Pits at Terminal Site
1157
363
LVI.b
Fig. 2. Material Trestle Showing First Chutes in Operation; and Views of East and West Pits at Terminal Site
1157
363
LVI.c
Fig. 3. Material Trestle Showing First Chutes in Operation; and Views of East and West Pits at Terminal Site
1157
363
† LVII.
Methods of Excavation, Cross-Town Tunnels, Manhattan
1158
393
LVIII.a
Fig. 1. Views of Parts of First Avenue Plant, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
395
LVIII.b
Fig. 2. Views of Parts of First Avenue Plant, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
395
LVIII.c
Fig. 3. Views of Parts of First Avenue Plant, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
395
LVIII.d
Fig. 4. Views of Parts of First Avenue Plant, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
395
LIX.a
Fig. 1. Methods of Tunneling, Timbering, and Lining, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
399
LIX.b
Fig. 2. Methods of Tunneling, Timbering, and Lining, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
399
LIX.c
Fig. 3. Methods of Tunneling, Timbering, and Lining, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
399
LIX.d
Fig. 4. Methods of Tunneling, Timbering, and Lining, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
399
LX.a
Fig. 1. Methods of Timbering and Underpinning, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
407
LX.b
Fig. 2. Methods of Timbering and Underpinning, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
407
LX.c
Fig. 3. Methods of Timbering and Underpinning, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
407
LX.d
Fig. 4. Methods of Timbering and Underpinning, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
407
LXI.
Sections Showing Method of Excavating and Timbering in Heavy Ground, Three-Track Tunnel; and Carriage Form for Side Walls, Cross-Town Twin Tunnels
1158
413
LXII.a
Fig. 1. Methods of Water-Proofing and Concreting, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
417
LXII.b
Fig. 2. Methods of Water-Proofing and Concreting, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
417
LXII.c
Fig. 3. Methods of Water-Proofing and Concreting, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
417
LXII.d
Fig. 4. Methods of Water-Proofing and Concreting, Cross-Town Tunnels
1158
417
LXIII.
Methods of Excavation in All Rock, East River Tunnels
1159
423
LXIV.a
Fig. 1. Tunneling in Compressed Air, Air-Lock, Caisson, etc., East River Tunnels
1159
425
LXIV.b
Fig. 2. Tunneling in Compressed Air, Air-Lock, Caisson, etc., East River Tunnels
1159
425
LXIV.c
Fig. 3. Tunneling in Compressed Air, Air-Lock, Caisson, etc., East River Tunnels
1159
425
LXIV.d
Fig. 4. Tunneling in Compressed Air, Air-Lock, Caisson, etc., East River Tunnels
1159
425
LXV.a
Fig. 1. Shields Fitted with Sectional Sliding Hoods and Sliding Extensions and with Fixed Hoods and Fixed Extensions to Floors, East River Tunnels
1159
433
LXV.b
Fig. 2. Shields Fitted with Sectional Sliding Hoods and Sliding Extensions and with Fixed Hoods and Fixed Extensions to Floors, East River Tunnels
1159
433
LXVI.a
Fig. 1. Rear of Shield Showing Complete Fittings, and Shield with Lower Portion of Bulkhead Removed, East River Tunnels
1159
435
LXVI.b
Fig. 2. Rear of Shield Showing Complete Fittings, and Shield with Lower Portion of Bulkhead Removed, East River Tunnels
1159
435
LXVII.
Methods of Tunneling in Rock, East River Tunnels
1159
437
LXVIII.
Operation of Shields, East River Tunnels
1159
439
LXIX.
Operations in Shoving the Shield Forward in Rock and Sand, East River Tunnels
1159
441
LXX.a
Fig. 1. Small Shaft, Breasting and Poling, Shutters on Front of Shield, and Hydraulic Erector, East River Tunnels
1159
443
LXX.b
Fig. 2. Small Shaft, Breasting and Poling, Shutters on Front of Shield, and Hydraulic Erector, East River Tunnels
1159
443
LXX.c
Fig. 3. Small Shaft, Breasting and Poling, Shutters on Front of Shield, and Hydraulic Erector, East River Tunnels
1159
443
LXX.d
Fig. 4. Small Shaft, Breasting and Poling, Shutters on Front of Shield, and Hydraulic Erector, East River Tunnels
1159
443
LXXI.
Operations in Shoving the Shield Forward in Sand, and Final Breasting and Bulkheading, East River Tunnels
1159
445
LXXII.
Method of Operating Shields in Soft Ground, East River Tunnels
1159
453
LXXIII.a
Fig. 1. Reinforcement of Broken Plates, and Inflow of Soft Clay Through Shield, East River Tunnels
1159
455
LXXIII.b
Fig. 2. Reinforcement of Broken Plates, and Inflow of Soft Clay Through Shield, East River Tunnels
1159
455
LXXIII.c
Fig. 3. Reinforcement of Broken Plates, and Inflow of Soft Clay Through Shield, East River Tunnels
1159
455
LXXIII.d
Fig. 4. Reinforcement of Broken Plates, and Inflow of Soft Clay Through Shield, East River Tunnels
1159
455
LXXIV.
Methods of Placing Concrete Inside the Iron Tube, East River Tunnels
1159
475
† Примечание составителя: эта иллюстрация отсутствует в архиве Проекта «Гутенберг»™.
МЕМОРИАЛЫ УМЕРШИХ ЧЛЕНОВ ОБЩЕСТВА.
ДЖОН ФИСКЕ БАРНАРД, действительный член Американского общества инженеров-строителей 1
1 Мемориал подготовлен У. К. Барнардом, ассоциированным членом Американского общества инженеров-строителей.
Скончался 6 февраля 1910 года.
Джон Фиске Барнард родился в Вустере, штат Массачусетс, 23 апреля 1829 года. Он окончил Педагогическую школу Бриджуотера и Политехнический институт Ренсселера.
В ноябре 1850 года г-н Барнард поступил на службу на железную дорогу. Он занимал различные инженерные и эксплуатационные должности на Железной дороге Гранд-Транк и ее дочерних линиях в Нижней Канаде, а в течение последних трех лет работы на этой дороге занимал должность главного инженера участка Железной дороги Гранд-Транк к югу от реки Святого Лаврентия.
В мае 1869 года он перешел на Железную дорогу долины Миссури на должность суперинтенданта и главного инженера. В том же году он был назначен главным инженером Железной дороги Канзас-Сити — Сент-Джозеф и Каунсил-Блафс и оставался на этой дороге, а также на Железной дороге Ганнибал — Сент-Джозеф (обе сейчас являются частью линий Берлингтон-Миссури), в качестве главного инженера, генерального суперинтенданта и генерального управляющего до 1886 года. В этот период г-н Барнард также был президентом компаний Atchison Union Depot Company и St. Joseph Union Stock Yards Company, секретарем и казначеем компании St. Joseph Depot Company, а также директором различных железнодорожных компаний.