ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ РУКОВОДСТВО ПО ПРОИЗВОДСТВУ ПАРФЮМЕРИИ:
ВКЛЮЧАЮЩЕЕ
УКАЗАНИЯ ПО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЮ ВСЕХ ВИДОВ ДУХОВ, САШЕ, АРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВ, ЗУБНЫХ ПОРОШКОВ, КОСМЕТИКИ И Т. Д.
С ПОДРОБНЫМ ОПИСАНИЕМ
ЭФИРНЫХ МАСЕЛ, БАЛЬЗАМОВ, СМОЛ И ДРУГИХ НАТУРАЛЬНЫХ И ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ПАРФЮМЕРНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ, ВКЛЮЧАЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ФРУКТОВЫХ ЭФИРОВ И МЕТОДЫ ПРОВЕРКИ ИХ ЧИСТОТЫ.
АВТОР:
Д-р К. ДЕЙТЕ, при содействии Л. БОРХЕРТА, Ф. ЭЙХБАУМА, Э. КУГЛЕРА, Г. ТЁФФНЕРА и других экспертов.
ПЕРЕВОД С НЕМЕЦКОГО
УИЛЬЯМА Т. БРАННТА, РЕДАКТОРА «ТЕХНО-ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СБОРНИКА РЕЦЕПТОВ».
ИЛЛЮСТРИРОВАНО ДВАДЦАТЬЮ ВОСЕМЬЮ ГРАВЮРАМИ.
PHILADELPHIA:
HENRY CAREY BAIRD & CO.,
INDUSTRIAL PUBLISHERS, BOOKSELLERS AND IMPORTERS,
810 WALNUT STREET.
1892.
Авторское право HENRY CAREY BAIRD & CO. 1892.
Printed at the COLLINS PRINTING HOUSE,
705 Jayne Street,
Philadelphia, U. S. A.
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ.
Перевод части «Handbuch der Parfümerie-und Toiletteseifenfabrikation» под редакцией д-ра К. Дейте, относящейся к парфюмерии и косметике, предлагается англоязычному читателю с полной уверенностью в том, что он не только займет достойное место в технической литературе, но и послужит — в соответствии со своим главным назначением — удобным справочником, а также практическим пособием и руководством для парфюмерной лаборатории. Имена редактора и его сотрудников, будучи опытными специалистами, каждый из которых хорошо обучен в той области промышленности, обработка которой была ему поручена, являются достаточной гарантией ценности и практической пользы данного труда.
Приведены наиболее подходящие и одобренные формулы, проверенные опытом; особое внимание уделено описанию сырья, а также различным методам его проверки, что имеет особое значение, поскольку ни в одной другой отрасли производителю не приходится сталкиваться с такой грубой и повсеместной фальсификацией сырья.
Есть надежда, что дополнения, внесенные здесь и там переводчиком, а также раздел, касающийся производства «фруктовых эфиров», добавленный им, могут способствовать интересу и полезности этого трактата.
Наконец, остается лишь добавить, что издатели, проявив свою обычную щедрость, не пожалели средств на надлежащее иллюстрирование и техническое оформление книги; и, как это принято у них повсеместно, снабдили ее подробным оглавлением и очень полным указателем, что повысит ее ценность, облегчая и ускоряя поиск любого предмета в ней.
У. Т. Б.
Филадельфия, 2 мая 1892 г.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ.
CHAPTER I. HISTORICAL NOTICE OF PERFUMERY. PAGE Consumption of perfume-substances by the early nations of the Orient17 Perfume-substances as an offering to the gods and their use for embalming the dead; Arts of the toilet in ancient times18 Perfume-substances used by the Hebrews; Olibanum and the mode of gaining it in ancient times, as described by Herodotus19 Pliny's account of olibanum20 Practice of anointing the entire body customary among the ancients; The holy oil prescribed by Moses; Origin of the sweet-scented ointment "myron"21 Luxurious use of ointments in Athens, and the special ointments used for each part of the body; Introduction of ointments in Rome, and edict prohibiting the sale of foreign ointments; Plutarch on the extravagant use of ointments in Rome22 Ancient books containing directions for preparing ointments; Directions for rose ointment, according to Dioscorides23 Ancient process of distilling volatile oils; Dioscorides's directions for making animal fats suitable for the reception of perfumes; Consumption of perfume-substances by the ancient Romans; Condition of the ancient ointment-makers24 Use of red and white paints, hair-dyes, and depilatories by the Romans25 Peculiar substance for cleansing the teeth used by the Roman ladies; Perfumeries and cosmetics in the Middle Ages; Receipts for cosmetics in the writings of Arabian physicians, and of Guy de Chanlios26 Giovanni Marinello's work on "Cosmetics for Ladies;" Introduction of the arts of the toilet into France, by Catherine de Medici and Margaret of Valois27 Extravagant use of cosmetics in France from the commencement of the seventeenth to the middle of the eighteenth century28 Importance of the perfumer's craft in France; Chief seats of the French perfumery industry29 Privileges of the parfumeurs-gantiers in France; Use of perfumes in England; Act of Parliament prohibiting the use of perfumeries, false hair, etc., for deceiving a man and inveigling him into matrimony30 CHAPTER II. THE PERFUME-MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PERFUMERY. Derivation of the perfume-substances; Animal substances used; Occurrence of volatile oils in plants31 Families of plants richest in oil; Central Europe the actual flower garden of the perfumer; Principal localities for the cultivation of plants32 Volatile oils and their properties33 Principal divisions of volatile oils34 Constitution of terpenes; Concentrated volatile oils35 Modes of gaining volatile oils; Expression36 Clarification of the oil37 Filter for clarifying the oil, illustrated and described38 Distillation39 Apparatus for determining the percentage of volatile oil a vegetable substance will yield, illustrated and described40 Various stills for the distillation of volatile oils, illustrated and described41 Distillation of volatile oils by means of hot air; Separation of the oil and water; Florentine flasks, illustrated and described46 Separator-funnel, illustrated and described47 Extraction48 Various apparatuses for extraction, illustrated and described49 Heyl's distilling apparatus57 Maceration or infusion; Pomades; Purification of the fats used in the maceration process58 Huiles antiques; Old French process of maceration; Piver's maceration apparatus, illustrated and described59 Flowers for which maceration is employed; Absorption or enfleurage60 Apparatuses for absorption, illustrated and described61 Flowers for which the absorption process is employed; Storage of volatile oils65 CHAPTER III. TESTING VOLATILE OILS. Extensive adulteration of volatile oils; Testing volatile oils as to odor and taste66 Recognition of an adulteration with fat oil67 Detection of alcohol or spirit of wine; Dragendorff's test68 Hager's tannin test69 Detection of chloroform; Detection of benzine71 Quantitative determination of adulterations with alcohol, chloroform, and benzine72 Detection of adulterations with terpenes or terpene-like fluids73 Detection of adulterations with volatile oils of a lower quality; Test with iodine74 Hoppe's nitroprusside of copper test75 Table showing the behavior of volatile oils free from oxygen towards nitroprusside of copper76 Hager's alcohol and sulphuric acid test; Hager's guaiacum reaction78 Division of the volatile oils with reference to the guaiacum reaction79 Hübl's iodine method80 A. Kremel's test by titration or saponification with alcoholic potash lye81 Utilization of Maumené's test by F. R. Williams82 Planchon's proposed procedure for the recognition of a volatile oil83 CHAPTER IV. THE VOLATILE OILS USED IN PERFUMERY. Acacia oil or oil of cassie; Almond oil (bitter)87 Adulterations of oil of bitter almonds and their detection90 Angelica oil92 Anise-seed oil93 Star anise oil94 Balm oil; Basil oil; Bayberry oil, or oil of bay leaves96 Bergamot oil; Testing bergamot oil as to its purity97 Cajeput oil98 Camomile or chamomile oil; Blue camomile oil; Green camomile oil99 Caraway oil; Recognition of the purity of caraway oil100 Cedar oil; Cherry-laurel oil101 Detection of oil of mirbane in cherry-laurel oil; Cinnamon oils; Ceylon cinnamon oil102 Cassia oil103 Cinnamon-root oil and oil of cinnamon leaves; Quantitative determination of cinnamaldehyde in cassia oil104 Detection of adulterations in cassia oil; Citron oil106 Detection of adulterations in citron oil; Citronella oil; Detection of adulterations in citronella oil107 Oil of cloves108 Test for the value of oil of cloves109 Eucalyptus oil110 Fennel oil111 Geranium oil, palmarosa oil, Turkish geranium oil; East Indian geranium oil; French and African geranium oils112 Adulterations of geranium oils; Jasmine oil, or oil of jessamine113 Juniper oil114 Lavender oil; Spike oil115 Detection of adulterations of lavender oil; Lemon oil; Sponge process of obtaining lemon oil116 Écuelle process117 Distillation; Apparatus combining the écuelle and distilling processes, illustrated and described118 Adulterations of oil of lemons and their detection: Lilac oil; Oil of limes121 Licari oil, linaloë oil; Marjoram oils; Spanish marjoram oil122 Mignonette oil; Myrrh oil123 Nutmeg oils; Mace oil; Adulterations of mace oil and their detection124 Opopanax oil; Orange-peel oil, Portugal oil or essence of Portugal; Mandarin oil125 Orange-flower oil or neroli oil; Neroli Portugal oil; Cultivation of the orange on the French Riviera and yield of orange blossoms; Characteristics of oil of orange flowers126 Adulterations of neroli oil and their detection127 Petit-grain oil; Oil of orris root129 Patchouli oil130 Varieties and characteristics of patchouli oil131 Peppermint oil; Oil of curled mint; Peppermint oil and its varieties132 American oils of peppermint of high reputation; Mode of distinguishing American, German, and English oils of peppermint133 Adulterants of peppermint oil and their detection134 Poley oil135 Pimento oil or oil of allspice; Rose oil or attar of roses; Principal localities of its production; Schimmel & Co.'s, of Leipzic, Germany, experiment to obtain oil from indigenous roses136 The rose-oil industry in Bulgaria; Methods of gathering and distilling the roses137 Characteristics of pure rose oil138 Manner of judging the genuineness of rose oil; Process for the insulation and determination of stearoptene in rose oil139 Adulteration of rose oil with ginger-grass oil140 Test for the adulteration of rose oil with ginger-grass oil employed in Bulgaria141 Adulterants of rose oil142 Tests for rose oil; Approximate quantitative determination of spermaceti in rose oil143 Rosemary oil; Detection of adulterations in rosemary oil144 Rosewood oil or rhodium oil; Sandal-wood oil; Sassafras oil; Characteristics of sassafras oil145 Thyme oil147 Oil of turpentine; Austrian oil of turpentine; German oil of turpentine; French oil of turpentine; Venetian oil of turpentine148 American oil of turpentine; Pine oil; Dwarf pine oil; Krummholz or Latschenoel; Pine-leaf oil; Templin oil (Kienoel); Balsam-pine oil149 Oil of verbena; Oil of violet; Vitivert or vetiver oil150 Wintergreen oil151 Birch oil; Artificial preparation of methyl salicylate152 Adulteration of wintergreen oil and its detection; Ylang-ylang oil153 Cananga oil154 CHAPTER V. RESINS AND BALSAMS. Elementary constituents of resins; Division of resins; Hard resins; Soft resins or balsams; Gum-resins155 Diffusion of resins in the vegetable kingdom; Benzoin156 Varieties of benzoin and their characteristics157 Peru balsam and mode of obtaining it159 White Peru balsam160 Characteristics of Peru balsam161 Adulterants of Peru balsam and their detection162 Tolu balsam and its characteristics166 A new variety of Tolu balsam167 Storax; Liquid storax and its characteristics168 Adulteration of liquid storax and its detection170 Storax in grains; Ordinary storax171 American storax, white Peru balsam, white Indian balsam, or liquid-ambar; Myrrh172 Myrrha electa and its characteristics173 Constitution of myrrh174 Adulteration of myrrh and its detection175 Opopanax; Olibanum or frankincense176 Commercial varieties of olibanum; Sandarac and its characteristics177 CHAPTER VI. PERFUME-SUBSTANCES FROM THE ANIMAL KINGDOM. Musk and its varieties; Musk sacs, illustrated and described178 Characteristics of Tonkin musk180 Musk of the American musk-rat as a substitute for genuine musk181 Other possible substitutes for the musk-deer; Artificial musk182 Adulterations of musk and their detection183 Civet184 Castor and its varieties185 Adulterations of castor; Ambergris186 Constituents of ambergris187 Adulterations of ambergris188 CHAPTER VII. ARTIFICIAL PERFUME-MATERIALS. Conversion of oil of turpentine into oil of lemons by Bouchardat and Lafont189 Cumarin, its occurrence and properties190 Varieties of tonka beans found in commerce191 Preparation of cumarin from tonka beans; Artificial preparation of cumarin from salicylic acid192 Synthetical preparation of cumarin; Heliotropin or piperonal and its characteristics193 Preparation of heliotropin194 Vanillin; Characteristics of the vanilla195 Artificial preparation of vanillin196 Characteristics of vanillin197 Adulteration of vanillin, and its detection; Nitrobenzol198 Characteristics of nitrobenzol or oil of mirbane; adulteration of nitrobenzol and its detection199 Fruit ethers and their characteristics200 Acetic amyl ether or amyl acetate, its preparation and use; Acetic ether or ethyl acetate and its preparation201 Benzoic ether or ethyl benzoate and its preparation204 Butyric ethyl ether or ethyl butyrate; Preparation of butyric acid205 Preparation of butyric ether207 St. John's bread or carob as material for the preparation of butyric ether209 Formic ethyl ether, or ethyl formate and its preparation210 Nitrous ether or ethyl nitrate and its preparation according to Kopp's method211 Preparation and use of nitrous ether in England and America212 Valerianic amyl ether or amyl valerate and its preparation214 Valerianic ethyl ether; Apple ether; Apricot ether; Cherry ether; Pear ether; Pineapple ether; Strawberry ether; Preparation of fruit essences; Apple essence; Apricot essence216 Cherry essence; Currant essence; Grape essence; Lemon essence; Melon essence; Orange essence; Peach essence; Pear essence; Pineapple essence; Plum essence217 Raspberry essence; Strawberry essence218 CHAPTER VIII. ALCOHOLIC PERFUMES. Division of alcoholic perfumes; What constitutes the art of the perfumer; Qualities of flower-pomades and their designation219 Storage of flower-pomades; Extraction of flower-pomades220 Apparatus for making alcoholic extracts from flower-pomades, illustrated and described221 Beyer frères improved apparatus, illustrated and described223 Tinctures and extracts and their preparation225 Beyer frères apparatus for the preparation of tinctures, illustrated and described226 Musk tincture; Civet tincture228 Ambergris tincture; Castor tincture; Benzoin tincture; Peru balsam tincture; Tolu balsam tincture229 Olibanum tincture; Opopanax tincture; Storax tincture; Myrrh tincture; Musk-seed or abelmosk tincture230 Angelica root tincture; Orris-root tincture; Musk-root or sumbul-root tincture; Tonka-bean tincture231 Cumarin tincture; Heliotropin tincture; Vanilla tincture; Vanillin tincture232 Vitivert tincture; Juniper-berry tincture; Patchouli extract233 Tinctures from volatile oils; Almond-oil (bitter) tincture; Balm-oil tincture; Bergamot-oil tincture; Canango-oil tincture234 Cassia-oil tincture; Cedar-oil tincture; Cinnamon-oil tincture; Citronella-oil tincture; Clove-oil tincture; Eucalyptus-oil tincture; Geranium-oil tincture; Lavender-oil tincture; Lemon-grass-oil tincture; Lemon-oil tincture; Licari-oil tincture; Myrrh-oil tincture; Neroli-oil tincture; Opopanax-oil tincture; Orris-root-oil tincture; Patchouli-oil tincture235 Petit-grain-oil tincture; Pine-leaf-oil tincture; Portugal-oil tincture; Sandal-wood-oil tincture; Verbena-oil tincture; Vitivert-oil tincture; Wintergreen-oil tincture; Ylang-ylang-oil tincture; Rose-oil tincture236 Extraits aux fleurs; Extrait acacia; Extrait cassie; Extrait héliotrope; Extrait jacinthe237 Extrait jasmin; Essence of the odor of linden blossoms; Extrait jonquille; Extrait magnolia; Extrait muguet (lily of the valley); Extrait fleurs de Mai (May flowers)238 Extrait ixora; Extrait orange; Extrait white rose; Extrait rose v. d. centifolie; Extrait violette; Coloring substance for extraits; Extrait de violette de Parme239 Extrait tubereuse; Extrait réséda; Extrait ylang-ylang; Compound odors (bouquets); Extrait Edelweiss; Extrait ess-bouquet240 Extrait spring flower; Extrait bouquet Eugenie; Extrait excelsior; Extrait Frangipani; Extrait jockey club241 Extrait opopanax; Extrait patchouli; Extrait millefleurs; Extrait bouquet Victoria242 Extrait kiss-me-quick; Extrait mogadore; Extrait bouquet Prince Albert; Extrait muse; Extrait new-mown hay; Extrait chypre243 Extrait maréchal; Extrait mousseline; Extraits triple concentrés and their preparations244 Concentrated flower-extract for the preparation of extraits d'Odeurs; Extraits d'Odeurs, quality II245 Extrait violette II; Extrait rose II; Extrait réséda II; Extrait ylang-ylang II246 Extrait new-mown hay II; Extrait chypre II; Extrait ess-bouquet II247 Extrait muguet II; Extrait bouquet Victoria II; Extrait spring flower II; Extrait ixora II248 Extrait Frangipani II; Cologne water (eau de Cologne) and its preparation249 Durability of the volatile oils used in the preparation of Cologne water250 Cologne water, quality I252 Cologne water, quality II; Cologne water, quality III; Cologne water, quality IV; Cologne water, quality V253 Maiglöckchen eau de Cologne; Various other receipts for Cologne water254 Eau de Lavande; Eau de vie de Lavande double ambrée; Eau de Lavande double; Aqua mellis; Eau de Lisbonne255 CHAPTER IX. DRY PERFUMES. Use of dry perfumes in ancient times; Sachet powders and their preparation256 Sachet à la rose; Sachet à la violette; Hliotrope sachet powder; Ylang-ylang sachet powder; Jockey club sachet257 Sachet aux millefleurs; Lily of the valley sachet powder; Patchouli sachet powder; Frangipani sachet powder; Victoria sachet powder; Réséda sachet powder258 Musk sachet powder; Ess-bouquet sachet powder; New-mown hay sachet powder; Orange sachet powder; Solid perfumes with paraffine; White rose259 Ess-bouquet; Lavender odor; Eau de Cologne; Smelling salts; Preston salt and "menthol pungent" as prepared by William W. Bartlett; White smelling salt260 CHAPTER X. FUMIGATING ESSENCES, PASTILLES, POWDERS, ETC. Constitution of fumigating agents; Object of fumigating; Prejudice against fumigating; Mode of fumigating262 Atomizers; Objections to dry fumigating agents263 Fumigating essences and vinegars; Rose-flower fumigating essence; Flower fumigating essence—héliotrope264 Violet-flower fumigating essence; Oriental flower fumigating essence; Pine odor (for atomizing); Juniper odor; fumigating balsam265 Fumigating water; Fumigating vinegar; Fumigating powders; Ordinary fumigating powder266 Rose fumigating powder; Violet fumigating powder; Orange fumigating powder; New-mown hay fumigating powder267 Fumigating paper; Fumigating pastilles268 Ordinary red fumigating pastilles; Ordinary black fumigating pastilles; Musk fumigating pastilles269 Rose fumigating pastilles; Violet fumigating pastilles; Millefleurs fumigating pastilles; Fumigating lacquer270 CHAPTER XI. DENTIFRICES, MOUTH-WATERS, ETC. Selection of materials for and compounding of dentifrices272 Soap as a constituent of dentifrices; Value of thymol for dentifrices; Object of glycerin in dentifrices273 Tooth and mouth waters; Thymol tooth-water; Eau dentifrice Botot; Eau dentifrice Orientale274 Violet mouth-water; Antiseptic gargle; Odontine; Sozodont; Eau de Botot (improved)275 Quinine tooth-water; Dr. Stahl's tooth-tincture; Esprit de menthe; Arnica tooth-tincture; Myrrh tooth-tincture276 Tooth-pastes and tooth-powders; tooth-paste or odontine277 Thymol tooth-paste; Cherry tooth-paste; Non-fermenting cherry tooth-paste; Odontine paste278 Thymol tooth-powder; Poudre dentifrice; Violet tooth-powder279 Dr. Hufeland's tooth-powder; White tooth-powder; Black tooth-powder; Poudre de corail; Camphor tooth-powder; Opiat liquide pour les dents280 Poudre d'Algérine281 Dr. Hufeland's tooth-soap282 Tooth-soap; Saponaceous tooth-wash283 CHAPTER XII. HAIR POMADES, HAIR OILS, AND HAIR TONICS; HAIR DYES AND DEPILATORIES. Fats used for the preparation of pomades; Reputation of some fats as hair pomades284 Pomades and their preparation; Purification of the fat285 Substances used for coloring pomades; Fine French pomades (flower-pomades); Maceration or extraction of the flowers286 Receipts for some flower-pomades; Pommade à la rose; Pommade à l'acacia; Pommade à la fleur d'orange; Pommade à l'héliotrope287 Pomades according to the German method and their preparation; Foundations for white pomades288 Apple pomade; Bear's grease pomade; Quinine pomades289 Quinine pomades (imitation); Benzoin pomade; Densdorf pomade; Ice pomades; Family pomades290 Strawberry pomade; Fine hair pomade; Pomade for promoting the growth of the hair; Héliotrope pomades291 Jasmine pomade; Emperor pomade; Macassar pomade; Portugal pomade; Herb pomade; Lanolin pomade292 Oriental pomade; Paraffin ice pomade; Neroli pomade; Cheap pomade (red, yellow, white); Mignonette pomade; Castor oil pomades; Princess pomade293 Fine pomade; Beef-marrow pomade; Rogers's pomade for producing a beard; Rose pomade; Fine rose pomade; Finest rose pomade; Salicylic pomade; Victoria pomade; Tonka pomade294 Fine vanilla pomade; Vanilla pomade; Violet pomade; Walnut pomade; Vaseline pomades295 Foundations for vaseline pomades; Bouquet vaseline pomade; Family vaseline pomade; Lily of the valley vaseline pomade; Neroli vaseline pomade296 Mignonette vaseline pomade; Portugal vaseline pomade; Rose vaseline pomades; Fine vaseline pomade (yellow); Vaseline pomade (red); Vaseline pomade (white); Virginia vaseline pomade; Victoria vaseline pomade297 Extra fine vaseline pomade; Stick pomades; Foundations for stick pomades; Manufacture of stick pomades298 Rose-wax pomade; Black-wax pomade; Blonde-wax pomade; Brown-wax pomade299 Cheap wax pomades; Resin pomades; Hair oils; Huiles antiques; Vaseline oil for hair oils; Treatment of oils with benzoin300 Preparation of huiles antiques; Huile antique à la rose; Huile antique au jasmin; Alpine herb oil; Flower hair oil; Peruvian bark hair oil301 Peru hair oil; Burdock root hair oils; Macassar hair oils; Neroli hair oil; Mignonette hair oils; Fine hair oil302 Cheap hair oil (red or yellow); Portugal hair oil; Jasmine hair oil; Vaseline hair oils; Vanilla hair oil; Ylang-ylang hair oil; Philocome hair oil303 Sultana hair oil; Rose hair oil; Tonka hair oil; Violet hair oil; Victoria hair oil; Cheap hair oils; Bandolines and their preparation304 Rose bandoline; Almond bandoline; Brilliantine305 Flower brilliantine No. 1; Brilliantine No. 2306 Brilliantine No. 3; Various formulas for brilliantine307 Hair tonics; Eau Athénienne; Florida water308 Eau de Cologne hair tonic; Eau de quinine309 Eau de quinine (imitation); Honey water; Glycerin hair tonic; Eau lustral (hair restorative); Tea hair tonic310 Locock's lotion for the hair; Shampoo lotion; Shampoo liquid311 Dandruff cures; Dandruff lotion; Bay rum312 Directions for preparing bay rum313 Hair dyes; Requirements of a good hair dye; Gradual darkening of the hair; Use of dilute acids for making the hair lighter314 Use of lead salts, nitrate of silver, and copper salts for dyeing the hair315 Iron salts for dying the hair; Rastikopetra, a Turkish hair dye; Use of potassium permanganate and pyrogallic acid for dyeing the hair316 Kohol, an Egyptian hair dye; The use of henna as a hair dye; Process of coloring hair, dyed red with henna, black317 Use of the juice of green walnut shells for coloring the hair; Bleaching the hair with peroxide of hydrogen; Formulæ for hair dyes318 Single hair dyes; Teinture Orientale (Karsi); Teinture Chinoise (Kohol)319 Potassium permanganate hair dye; Bismuth hair dye; Walnut hair dye; Pyrogallic hair stain320 Double hair dyes; For dyeing brown; For dyeing black; Tannin hair dye321 Melanogène; Eau d'Afrique; Krinochrom; Copper hair dye; Depilatories; Rhusma322 Boettger's depilatory; Bartholow's depilatory323 CHAPTER XIII. COSMETICS. Skin cosmetics; Toilet vinegars; Vinaigre de Bully; Vinaigre de toilette à la rose; Vinaigre de toilette à la violette324 Vinaigre de toilette héliotrope; Vinaigre de toilette orange; Vinaigre de toilette; Aromatic vinegar; English aromatic vinegar325 Toilet vinegar; Washes; Virginal milk (Lait virginal); Rose milk (Lait de rose)326 Almond milk (Lait d'amandes amères)327 Lily milk (Lait de lys); Perfumed glycerin with rose odor; Perfumed glycerin with fruit odor; Perfumed meals and pastes; Farin de noisette (nut meal)328 Farin d'amandes amères (almond meal); Pate d'amandes au miel (honey almond paste); Poudre de riz à la rose329 Poudre de riz héliotrope; Poudre de riz orange; Poudre de riz muguet330 Poudre de riz ixora; Poudre de riz bouquet; Cold creams and lip salves; Cold cream; Vaseline cold cream331 Glycerin cream; Crême de concombre; Glycerin gelée; Glycerin jelly332 Cream of roses; Boroglycerin cream; Récamier cream; Preparations for chapped hands333 Wash for the hands; Nail powder; Lip-salves334 Paints; Pulverulent paints (powders); "Blanc fard" or "Blanc français"335 Mixtures for powders; Coloring substances for powders; Powder for coloring intensely red; Solid paints; Ordinary red paint (rouge)336 Fine red paint (rouge); White paint; Preparation of paints337 Red stick-paint (stick rouge); Moulding the rouge into sticks339 White stick-paint; Rouge en feuilles; Liquid paints; Liquid rouge340 White liquid paint; Fat paints341 Crême de Lys; Crême de rose342 Index343