«История экономических учений»

“Normal,” the term, 271

North, Dudley, 54

North, Lord, 105

Oberlin, Pastor, 486

Office du Travail, 257 n.

Ogilvie, W., 560 and n.

Oldenburg, 268 n.

Olivier, P., 611 n.

Ollivier, E., 324

Oncken, H., 11 n., 17, 19 n., 30, 383 n., 414 n., 432 n.

Ophelimity, 75, 91, 99, 522 n., 541 n., 572

Оптимизм, xv;

оптимизм Адама Смита, 68-69, 88-93;

французская либеральная школа и, 324-327;

Bastiat and, 327, 377;

Carey and, 327, 493

Optimist school, definition of, 356 n., 357 n.

Optimists, the, 118, 322-348, 354, 356, 368, 438

Orbiston, Robert Owen’s colony at, 236 n.

Organic sociologists, the Physiocrats the forerunners of, 7

“Organisation of labour,” 300, 303-305, 319

Orthodox school, 169, 176, 326

Ott, A., 317 n., 420 n.

Перепроизводство, Ж. Б. Сэй и, 115-117; 171;

Sismondi and, 176, 178-182;

the Classical school and, 181;

Marx and, 461

Owen, Robert, 169, 171;

Sismondi and, 173 n., 184, 194; 201 n.;

and association, 232 n., 233;

and Fourier, 234-235, 245;

and the Chartist movement, 235;

and socialism, 235;

his career, 235 n.;

его промышленные реформы, 236-237;

and association, 237;

и социальная среда, 237-239;

и прибыль, 239-244;

и деньги, 240-241;

и Национальный справедливый трудовой обмен, 241-242;

and co-operative societies, 243-244, 504;

founded no school, 244; 246, 255, 261, 264, 290, 293, 315, 316, 323, 370, 378, 470, 579

Paepe, C. de, 459 n.

Paillottet, P., 343 n.

Paine, Tom, 560 and n.

Pantaleoni, M., 36 n., 530, 538 n., 542, 551 nn.

Притча Сен-Симона, 204-205

Pareto, V., 71 n.;

on prices, 76 n.-77 n.; 99, 231 n.;

and Free Trade, 288 n.;

on method, 397;

и максимальная полезность и максимальная офелимитность, 412; 421, 448, 516, 521 прим., 522 прим., 529 прим., 533 прим., 534 прим., 536 и прим., 537 прим., 540 прим., 541 прим.;

and the Hedonists, 542; 544 n., 555 n.;

and the relative duration of rents, 557;

and negative rent, 558;

on solidarity, 608 n.

Passy, F., 509 n., 592 n.

Passy, H., 371 n.

Patten, Professor, 285 n., 522 n., 542 n.

Pearson, K., 407 n.

Крестьянское землевладение, 371-372

Pecqueur, C., 304-305, 449 n.

Peel, Sir Robert, 280, 366

Pellarin, C., 245 n.

People’s Bank, 308 n., 317 n., 319-320

Péreire, E. and I., 212, 226

Périn, C., 502 n.

Личный интерес — см. Личный интерес

Pervinquière, M., 14

Pessimism, the French Liberal school and, 324

Пессимисты, 118-120;

and rent, 118;

and the law of diminishing returns, 118;

Mill and, 372

Petty, W., 54

Pflüger, Pastor, 507

Фаланга, 248-250

Phalanstère, 245 n., 246-252, 255, 257, 297 n., 604, 635

Physiocracy, 4 n.;

a popular craze, 5;

Adam Smith and, 63;

Ж. Б. Сэй и, 108-109

Физиократы, xi прим., 1-50;

and the conception of political economy, 2;

the first school of economists, 3;

the Abbé Baudeau on, 3 n.;

bibliography of the system, 4 n.-5 n.;

и «естественный порядок», 5-12;

Rousseau and, 6 n.;

and the civilised state as opposed to a state of nature, 7;

forerunners of the organic sociologists, 7;

their conception of the “natural order,” and man’s duty with regard to it, 8, 9-10, 87-88;

and the rights of private property and individual liberty, 10 n., 11;

and the “net product,” 12-18, 141;

and land as an agent in production, 12;

о промышленности и торговле, 12-13;

and the “sterile classes,” 14, 21;

и рудники, и «чистый продукт», 14 и прим.;

and agricultural and industrial production, 15;

their influence upon practical politics, 17;

и обращение богатства, 18-26;

their regard for private property, 21-26, 199 n.-200 n., 217;

и обязанности землевладельцев, 25-26;

and the abolition of corporations, 26 n.-27 n.;

и торговля, 27-33;

and Mercantilism, 27, 29, 169, 314;

the founders of Free Trade, 29;

and reciprocity, 31;

Galiani’s criticism of, 32;

и вопрос о проценте, 32-33;

и функции государства, 33-37;

и законодательство, 33-34;

and political liberty, 34 n.;

and the sovereign authority, 35-37, 41;

and education, 37;

and internationalism, 37;

и налогообложение, 38-45;

and the fiscal system of the French Revolution, 44, 104;

резюме их доктрины, 45-50;

Adam Smith and, 51 n., 55, 56, 62, 63, 64, 65, 69, 80, 88, 93, 98, 100; 89, 97;

Ж. Б. Сэй и, 108-109;

Germain Garnier and, 108;

and money, 115;

and population, 122; and rent, 142;

and Free Trade, 98, 153, 163;

and the natural identity of individual and general interests, 185; 201 n.;

the Associationists and, 232-233; 322, 323;

and their successors, 327; 331, 338 n., 347, 348, 354, 371, 572, 629, 644

Pitt, William, 104, 105

Place, F., 159 n.

Plato, 200 and n.

Play, F. Le, 137, 196, 238, 304;

его школа, 486-495;

his career, 486 n.-487 n.;

его семейная система, 488-493;

and the State, 488;

his method, 492;

и историческая школа, 493-494;

the division in his school, 494-495; 497, 502

«Плутология», 375

Podmore, F., 236 n.

Political economy, origin of the term, 1;

Quesnay and his school the virtual founders of the science, 2;

Adam Smith as founder of, 50-51, 103;

сфера применения в системе Адама Смита, 55-56;

Quesnay’s conception of, 88;

Adam Smith’s conception of, 88, 89, 110;

J. B. Say’s influence upon, 107, 111;

influence of Malthus and Ricardo upon, 108;

the Physiocrats and, 109;

концепция Ж. Б. Сэя, 110-111;

Say’s treatment of, 117, 175;

a fashionable craze, 119 n., 349;

Ricardo and, 138, 139 n., 175;

the new, the attack upon, 169;

Sismondi and, 173-178, 184, 196, 198, 380;

the Historical school and, 175, 222, 380, 381;

the Classical school and, 177;

A. Comte and, 201 n.;

Saint-Simon on, 209 n.;

List and, 270, 380-381;

and politics, 288;

significance of the advent of, 327;

McVickar on, 349;

Senior and, 350;

Stuart Mill and, 353;

не «мрачная наука», 354;

the reaction against Liberalism, 377;

развитие абстрактного метода, 379-380;

the socialists and, 381;

Рошер и, 383-384;

Гильдебранд и, 383-384;

Книс и, 384-385;

the newer Historical school and, 386;

Toynbee and, 386 n.;

development of, in France, 388;

influence of the Historical method upon, 388;

Menger and, 389;

Ashley and, 391 n.;

and sociology, 404;

Ruskin and, 510 n.;

Carlyle on, 511 and n.;

modern claims for, 517;

Pareto and, 536 n.;

recognised as independent of parties and ideals, 583;

развитие и будущее, 643-648;

simplicity of Adam Smith’s system, 644;

расхождение целей и методов среди экономистов, 646-647;

Liberalism and, 646, 647

Political Economy Club, 139 n.

Pollock, Sir F., 559

Poor Law, English, Malthus and, 135 n., 136 n.;

Sismondi and, 195

Population, Adam Smith’s supply and demand theory applied to, 82, 89, 188;

dependent upon capital, 90;

Malthus’s law of, 120, 121-137, 142, 157, 345;

«репрессивные сдержки», 126-127;

the “preventive checks,” 127-129, 137;

the reproductive capacity and intellectual activity, 137 n.-138 n.;

Sismondi on the regulation of, by revenue, 188;

wages and, 189;

Sismondi and Malthus’s theory, 189 n.;

Carey’s theory of, 346;

development of the theory of, 645

Port Sunlight, 255, 513 n.

Positivism, Saint-Simon the father of, 203; 213

Pothier, R. J., 587 n.

Potter, B. (Mrs. Sidney Webb), 587 n.

Цена, спрос и предложение и, 519-520;

cost of production and, 520;

and rent, 520

Цены, теория Адама Смита, 74-81;

Walras and, 114;

the recent theory of, 515;

development of the theory of, 645

Principles of Revolution, The, 639

Производитель, подчинение потребителю, 342-343

Producer’s rent, 527 n.

Producers, and social reorganisation, 605 n.

Producers’ associations, 604

Production, the accretion of value is, 16;

labour as the cause of, 24;

the Physiocratic conception of, 46, 49;

the three factors of, 56 n.;

Adam Smith and, 80, 419;

adaptation of supply to demand the basis of our theory of, 82;

J. B. Say and, 109;

Sismondi and, 177, 178-182, 193, 419;

the Classical school and, 177;

чистый и валовой, Сисмонди и, 189-190;

the Christian Socialists and, 196;

the Saint-Simonians and, 199, 226-227;

Дюнуайе и, 347-348;

Senior on agricultural and industrial production, 362 n.;

Стюарт Милль и, 368-369;

Rodbertus and, 419-421, 430;

State Socialism and, 444;

Marx on, 468 n.-469 n.;

cost of, and value, 520, 526;

cost of, and price, 520, 534 n.;

the Hedonists and, 533;

расширение под влиянием прикладной науки, 635-636

Productive power, List and, 270, 272-274

Productivity theory of capital, 502, 583;

заработной платы, 527-528

Profit, Adam Smith on the relation of, to rent, 64 n.;

Adam Smith’s conception of, 65 n., 80, 114;

Smith on high profits, 67, 74 n.;

dependent on exchange value, 90;

Ricardo and, 114, 160-163, 373;

the Pessimists and, 118;

Marx and, 185, 457-458 and n.;

Роберт Оуэн и отмена, 239-243;

Бастиа и отношение к заработной плате, 340-342, 550-551;

Stuart Mill and, 373 n.;

the term as understood by English and French economists, 373 n.;

the Classical school and, 520;

Walras and, 534 n.-535 n.;

rent and, 545;

Уокер и, 550-551;

Pantaleoni on, 551 n.;

Stuart Mill and the abolition of, 605 n.

Profit-sharing, the Saint-Simonians and, 227

Property, private, the Physiocratic doctrine and, 10 n., 11, 21, 24-25;

respect for, during the French Revolution, 25;

Turgot’s views upon, 25;

Ricardo’s theory of rent and, 154, 558-559;

Sismondi and, 198;

the Saint-Simonians and, 199-201, 213-225, 294 n.;

considered from the point of view of ethics, 200;

Saint-Simon and, 210;

exploitation and, 215;

Фаланстер Фурье и, 248-249;

the Radical Socialists and, 251;

Proudhon and, 290-300, 315;

Brissot and, 292 n.;

Bastiat and, 337;

Маркс и, 463-464;

the Christian Socialists and, 506;

Tolstoy and, 513;

the Hedonists and, 540 n.;

considered to be unjust, 559;

Stuart Mill and, 568 n.;

Госсен и, 572-573;

солидарность и, 606-607;

the anarchists and, 626-627, 641;

syndicalism and, 641;

socialism and, 642

Proprietor, the, in Ricardo’s, Proudhon’s, and Bastiat’s view, 336

Protection, the probable attitude of the Physiocrats to, 17;

influence of, on agriculture and on industry, 30 n.;

критика Адама Смита, 98-99;

Ricardo and, 163 n.;

Malthus and, 164;

Sismondi and, 264 n.-265 n.;

Saint-Simon and, 265 n.;

the Saint-Simonians and, 265 n.;

List and, 265, 268-290;

and agriculture, List on, 276 and n.;

in the United States, 279;

in Germany, 279, 280, 281;

in France, 280, 281, 323, 354;

Кэри и, 282-284;

Dühring and, 289 n.;

in England, 323, 354;

Бастиа и, 329-330;

follows the interest of the producer, 343;

the Liberal school and, 354;

Stuart Mill and, 365;

the Social Catholics and, 501 n.;

and solidarity, 602

Proudhon, J. J., 169;

and government, 209, 310, 311, 624 n., 627;

his Exchange Bank, 242, 291, 293 n., 308-319;

и частная собственность, 290-300;

his works, 291 n.-292 n.;

его карьера и характер, 291-292;

and interest, 293 n.;

and labour, 293;

и социализм, 296-300;

and Fourier, 296, 297 n.;

and the communists and communism, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300;

и экономические силы, 296-297;

on liberty, 297, 315;

and association, 297 and n.;

о справедливости, 298-299;

и обмен, 299-300;

и революция 1848 года, 300-308;

и «право на труд», 301;

и деньги, 308-310, 313-314;

and co-operation, 315;

and solidarity, 317;

и Народный банк, 319-320;

влияние после 1848 года, 320-321;

Marx and, 320-321, 449 n. 462;

new interest in his ideas, 321; 323, 329;

and Bastiat, 333 n.-334 n., 343;

and the proprietor, 336; 378, 415 n., 429 n., 450, 486;

on land, 559;

and the confiscation of land, 560; 607 n., 613;

the and anarchists, 615, 641; 616, 619 and n.;

and Bakunin, 620; 622;

и индивид, 622-623;

and the idea of humanity, 623;

and reason, 628;

and society, 630, 631 n.;

on the harmony of individual and general interests, 633 n.; 634;

and revolution, 637;

and syndicalism, 641

Providential order, Bastiat and, 331

Prudhommeaux, M., 264 n.

Prussia, the tariff of 1821 of, and Adam Smith’s doctrines, 106 n.;

tariffs in, in the early nineteenth century, 266;

and the Zollverein, 268;

industry in, 281 n.

Psychological school, the, 397 n., 521-528

Puech, M., 321 n., 323 n.

“Pure” school, the, 353, 392

Quantity theory of money, 360

Quasi-contract theory, 595-599, 603 n., 606

Кенэ Ф., 2-5;

virtually the founder of political economy, 2;

his works, 3 n.;

on natural right, 7 nn.;

and the analogy between social and animal economy, 7;

and the “natural order,” 9, 10 and n.;

и «чистый продукт», 15;

его теория обращения богатства и «Экономическая таблица», 18-20;

on the productive and sterile classes, 21 n.;

on the landed proprietors, 21 n.;

on the security residing in property, 24 n.;

on the safety of property as the basis of economic order, 25;

on the poor, 26 n.;

on foreign trade, 28;

on Free Trade, 29 nn.;

о «хорошей цене», 29;

on American competition, 30 n.;

on Protection, 31 n.;

and interest, 33;

on laws, 34;

on the sovereign authority, 35;

on despotism, 36 n.;

on education, 37;

on Government expenditure, 38 n.;

и «железный закон», 42-43;

and wages, 43 n.;

and value, 47 n.; 54;

and Adam Smith, 55;

and agriculture as the source of all wealth, 56;

his conception of political economy, 88;

Adam Smith’s criticism of his theory, 88; 201 n., 232, 298

Quetelet, L., 407 n.

Quod Apostolici, Encyclical, 500 n.

Radical party, English, 372

Radical-Socialist party, 592, 601

Rae, J., 52 n., 64 n., 66 n., 96 n., 103 n., 106 n.

Ragaz, Professor, 507

Raiffeisen, F. W., 496, 503 n.

Rambaud, J., xi, 277 n., 503 n.

Rau, K. H., 352, 379

Rauschenbusch, W., 507 n.

Raymond, D., 277 n.

Reason, the anarchists and, 628, 641

Reciprocity, Mercier de la Rivière on, 31;

Proudhon on, 310 n.

Reclus, É., 615, 619, 622, 624, 627 n., 628, 632 n., 636, 637

Reichel, 631 n.

Reid, T., 560

Религия, Роберт Оуэн и, 238-239

Renard, G., 465 n., 469 n.

Renouvier, C. B., 403 n., 560

Рента, теория, xv;

Ricardo’s conception of the nature of, 16, 114;

и «чистый продукт», 17;

Adam Smith and, 64, 80, 92;

relation of wages and profit to, 64 n.;

J. B. Say and, 114-115, 556;

the Pessimists and, 118;

теория Рикардо, 138, 140-157, 164, 335, 338, 339, 370, 545-546, 547, 548 и прим., 552-553, 544 прим., 555 прим., 558-559, 561, 581-583, 587;

differential rent, 142, 546-558;

Malthus and, 142, 152, 164;

James Mill and, 155, 562;

the Saint-Simonians and, 213 n., 214, 562;

Carey and, 327, 338-340, 425, 545, 546;

Bastiat and, 335-338, 340, 425, 545, 546;

Fontenay and, 338 n.;

Senior and, 350-351, 362;

the Classical school and, 362, 520, 547;

Stuart Mill and, 362, 370-372, 548, 554, 555, 562-563, 566, 567-568, 569;

Rodbertus and, 424, 425;

modern economists and, 516;

and price, 520;

«незаработанный прирост», 545;

growth in, 546;

земли, 546-548, 554-555, 556-557;

of capital, 548-549 n.; 558 n., 583;

of ability, 549, 551, 582, 583;

теория Уокера, 549-552;

и прибыль, 550-552;

and the Classical theory of distribution, 553;

a consequence of the laws of value, 555;

of land, a species of the income of fixed capital, 556;

a scarcity price, 556;

Шеффле и, 556-557;

K. Menger and, 557;

relative permanence of rents, 557;

negative rent, 558;

J. B. Clark and, 558 n.;

и частная собственность, 558-559;

man’s right to the land and the theory of rent, 561;

of land, spontaneous character of, 561;

конфискация, 562-570;

Henry George and, 563-568, 569;

the relation of wages to the increase in, 566 and n.;

Госсен и Вальрас о конфискации, 574-575;

Сидней Вебб и теория Рикардо, 581-583;

interest regarded as, 582;

“economic rent,” 582 n., 583 n.;

the Fabian doctrine and Ricardo’s theory of, 587

Rerum Novarum, Encyclical, 501 n.

Revolution, Proudhon on, 320 n.;

марксизм и, 471-472;

неомарксизм и, 481-482;

Buchez on Christianity and, 496;

the anarchists and, 637-640, 641

Revolution, French, the Physiocratic system and, 44, 104;

socialism and, 199 n.;

the leaders of, and private property, 199 n.-200 n.; 205, 214, 223

Revolution, the Industrial, 65, 104, 111

Revolution of 1848, Blanc and, 256;

Proudhon and, 300-308, 311 n.;

and socialism, 300; 436-437

Revolutionary Catechism, Netchaieff’s, 639

Reybaud, M., 300-301, 306, 354

Ribbes, M. de, 492 n.

Рикардо Д., x, xiv;

against the idea that nature is the only source of value, 16;

his conception of what rent is, 16;

and Adam Smith’s reference to utility, 75 n.;

and international trade, 98, 99, 100, 163-164, 363 and n.-364 and n.;

influence on political economy, 108, 138, 175;

and distribution, 114, 139-140;

and wages and profits, 114, 157-163, 373;

and crises, 117, 177, 192;

compared with J. B. Say, 118;

regarded as an Optimist, 119 n.;

one of the Pessimists, vi, 119-120, 192;

его место в экономике, его работа и литературный стиль, 138-139;

his career, 139 n.;

его теория ренты, 138, 140, 141-157, 164, 335, 338, 339, 370, 545-546, 547-548 и прим., 552-553, 554 прим., 555 прим., 558-559, 576;

his theory of value, 138, 140-141, 149-151, 240;

and labour and value, 140, 144 n., 332;

and the law of diminishing returns, 146-147, 373, 576;

и теория торгового баланса, и количественная теория денег, 164-165;

and paper money, 165, 168;

Sismondi and, 174-175, 177 and n., 380;

and machinery, 180 n., 181 and n.;

and wages and population, 189;

the Saint-Simonians and, 227; 228;

and property, 228; 264;

List and, 269; 287, 322, 324;

and the proprietor, 336; 348, 349;

and the income of capital, 350; 353;

and individualism, 355; 362, 371, 379, 386 n., 390;

and the identity of public and private interests, 410;

Rodbertus on his theory of value, 415 n.; 416, 453 n.;

the Marxian school and, 466;

his method, 466;

man’s right to the land, and his theory of rent, 561; 564, 566 n.;

Сидней Вебб и его теория ренты, 581-583;

the Fabian doctrine and his theory of rent, 587

Richelot, H., 265 n.

«Право на существование», 607 прим.

«Право на весь продукт труда», 607 прим.

“Right to work, the,” 300, 301, 303, 319, 599, 607 n.

Rist, C., 172, 342 n., 423 n., 539 n.

Rivière, Mercier de la, one of the Physiocrats, 3 n., 5;

on the social order, 7;

on the “natural order,” 8 n.-9 n., 9, 10 n., 11;

and the origin of the term laissez-faire, 11 n.;

on the creation of value, 13 and n.;

on property as a “divine” institution, 21;

on the landed proprietor, 23 n.;

on property as the parent of social institutions, 25;

on the regard to be paid to the peasants, 26 n.;

on the fallacy that wealth grows from foreign trade, 28;

on freedom of trade, 29 n.-30 n.;

on the balance of trade theory, 31;

on reciprocity, 31;

on laws, 34 n.;

and Catherine the Great, 34;

on despotism, 35 n.;

on taxation, 40 n.;

on the relation of expenditure to production, 42 n.;

о счастье, следующем за установлением «естественного порядка», 46 прим.; 232

Rochdale Pioneers, 263 n., 243, 244, 605

Rodbertus, J. K., 73 n.;

and Sismondi, 198;

and the products of labour, 293 n.; 294, 316;

on the relative returns of capital and labour, 341 n.-342 n.; 369;

and State Socialism, 414-415, 428, 431;

and Lassalle, 414-415, 416, 417, 433, 434;

French origin of his ideas, 415, 416, 423;

his works, 415 n.-416 n.;

его политические и экономические взгляды, 416-417;

his social theory, 417-432, 590;

and the State, 261, 418, 429-430, 441;

and production, 419-421, 423, 430;

and the utilisation of the means of production, 421;

и распределение, 421-428, 430-431;

and labour’s share of the national product, 425-426, 427;

и «железный закон», 426;

его теория кризисов, 426-427;

и регулирование национального производства и распределения, 427-429;

и государство, и экономические функции, 430-431;

the State Socialists and his doctrine, 430; 437, 443, 448 n., 450, 475;

and Professor Schäffle, 590 n.

Rodrigues, E., 211, 212

Rodrigues, O., 203, 204 n., 211

Rogers, Thorold, 52 n.

Roscher, W., 106 n., 196, 379 and n., 380 n.;

founder of the Historical school, 381-383; 389, 400 n., 402

Rossi, P., 315 n., 352, 375, 379

Рубо, аббат — см. Баден, маркграф

Раунд Дж. Г., vi

Rousiers, P. de, 495 n.

Rousseau, J. J., 1;

and the Physiocrats, 6 n.;

and the natural state compared with the social state, 7; 120 n.;

and private property, 200 n.; 238 n., 596

Royal Economic Society, 506 n.

“Rural economy,” 2, 3 n., 5

Ruskin, John, 196, 251, 510 and n., 511-513

Rutten, Father, 498 n.

Sabotage, 481 n.

Sadler, Michael, 67

Saint-Leon, M., 500 n.

St. Paul, 588

Saint-Simon, C. H., and Fourier, 201 n.;

качество его социализма, 201-202;

его карьера, 202-203;

his works, 203 n.;

his earlier philosophic system, 203;

his economic ideas, 204;

его «Притча», 204-205;

on the future of the industrial classes, 205 n.;

on industry, 205 n.;

and the new industrial system, 205-211, 224;

и социализм, 209-211;

сен-симонисты и их доктрина, 211-231;

and capital, 214;

and A. Comte’s theory of the three estates, 222;

and history, 224;

on politics, 225 n.;

on philanthropy in social reorganisation, 225 n.;

Engels on, 228;

and private property, 217; 233, 256;

and Protection, 265 n.; 290, 300;

Proudhon and, 311 n.; 318, 323, 352, 402, 404, 405;

Rodbertus and, 418; 450, 470, 475, 486

Saint-Simonians, the, 169, 184;

and Sismondi, 193;

and the equalitarians, 200 n.-201 n.;

and their socialist contemporaries, 201 n.;

and collectivism, 201, 202, 211, 218-220;

their doctrine, 202, 213-225;

and governmental control, 207 n.;

the development of their doctrine from Saint-Simon’s, 211;

earliest members of the school, 211;

организация школы, 211-212;

Анфантен и упадок школы, 212-213;

and private property, 199-202, 213-225, 294 n.;

и «эксплуатация», 215-216;

и производство, 217-218, 226-227;

и наследование, 217-218;

и исторический метод в критике частной собственности, 221-224;

their socialism, 225, 230 n.;

part played by members of the school in practical economic administration, 226;

and banks and credit, 226;

influence upon the socialists, 227;

and distribution, 229;

и общий и частный интерес, 229-230;

on the disadvantages of the spontaneous economic forces, 230;

and profits and wages, 216 n.;

and value, 216;

compared with the Associationists, 231;

Fourier on, 245;

and Protection, 265 n.;

and the State, 289 n.;

List and, 289 n.; 293;

Proudhon and, 296; 297;

Stuart Mill and, 367, 372; 378, 381, 415 and n.;

Rodbertus and, 421, 423; 465 n.;

and class antagonism, 471 n.;

and the confiscation of rent, 562

Saint-Simonism, 112;

Fourier and, 201 n.; 212, 219, 254, 255

Sainte-Beuve, and Sismondi, 193;

and Proudhon, 292, 295 n., 298 n.

Sand, George, 263

Sangnier, M., 496, 502 n.

Sartorius, G. F., 106

Saumaise, C., 503 n.

Savigny, F. K. von, 382

Saving, Adam Smith on, 73

Sax, Professor, 522 n.

Saxony, 281 n.

Say, J. B., xii, 34 n.;

and production, 56 n.;

and capital, 56;

and productive and unproductive works, 62, 348 n.;

and the entrepreneur, 65 n., 113-114, 550 n.; 70;

on Adam Smith’s theory of distribution, 80;

and distribution, 93, 113-114, 422;

о потере Англией американских колоний, 103-104;

on the Wealth of Nations, 106;

и доктрины Адама Смита, 107-117;

his career, 107 n.;

и физиократы, 108-109;

and political economy, 110-111, 175, 178;

on machinery, 112, 181;

and rent, 114-115, 551, 554 n., 555 n., 556;

his theory of markets, 115;

and over-production crises, 115-117, 192;

correspondence with Ricardo, 139 n.; 148;

on the poverty of the English worker, 171;

Sismondi and, 175, 177, 178, 181;

and the relative poverty of industrial society, 193; 201 n., 207;

Saint-Simon and, 209 n., 210 n.; 228;

and property, 228; 264, 265 n.;

List and, 269 n.; 279 n., 280, 287, 298, 311 n.;

and anarchy, 311 n.; 314, 322, 328 n., 335 n., 336 n., 352 n., 353, 375, 379, 390, 425, 615 n., 645

Say, Louis, 107 n., 265 n.

“Scarcity,” 521 n., 522 n.

Schäffle, A., 438 n., 469, 556-557, 590 n.

Schatz, A., 54 n., 357 n., 372 n.

Schelle, M., 4 n., 11 n.

Шмидт Каспар — см. Штирнер Макс

Шмоллер Г., 196, 379 и прим., 383, 385-386, 389 прим., 393 прим., 395, 397, 400, 403, 406 прим., 407, 438, 443 прим., 517, 647

Schönberg, G., 439

School of Social Science, 494

Schulze-Delitzsch, F. H., 376, 434 and n.

Schumpeter, Herr, 547 n.

Schuster, R., 323

Schweitzer, Herr, 434 n.

Наука, Бакунин и, 628-629

Seager, Professor H. R., 349 n.

Secrétan, C., 560, 600 n.

Сибом Ф., vi

Ségur-Lamoignon, M., 500 n.

Seignobos, C., 405 n.

Self-interest, Adam Smith on, as the mainspring of progress, 86-87, 88, 89, 92, 95, 393; 99;

классическая школа и, 393-394;

Wagner and, 394;

Stuart Mill and, 394, 404, 411

Seligman, Professor, 349 n., 570 n.

Semaines Sociales, 500 n.

Senior, N. W., 109 n., 168, 349-351, 358, 362 and n., 371, 372, 379, 549, 551

Sensi, Signor, 555 n.

Услуга, в теории стоимости Бастиа, 332-335;

place of the term in economic terminology, 335

Стоимость-услуга, теория Бастиа, 332-335

Shaftesbury, Lord, 67;

Robert Owen and, 237;

and Christian Socialism, 486

Shaw, G. Bernard, 579 n., 580 and n., 583 n.

Sidgwick, H., 329

Sillon, the, 502

Simiand, M., 388 n., 402 n., 538 n.

Sismondi, S. de, x, 111, 116, 117, 169;

life, 173 n.;

and political economy, 173, 174, 175, 178, 196, 198;

and Adam Smith, 173, 174, 410;

и Рикардо, и Ж. Б. Сэй, 174-175;

and Malthus, 175;

and the English Corn Laws, 175;

and the abstract method in economics, 176 and n., 380;

и производство, и перепроизводство, 176-177, 178-182;

and interest, 176 n.; 192-193 n., 215;

and distribution, 177-178, 185, 186, 198, 422, 443;

и классическая школа, 179-182, 195-196;

и машины, 180-182;

and competition, 182-184, 193 n., 198, 410;

и социализм, 184-185;

and the theory of the identity of individual and general interests, 185-186, 410;

и концентрация капитала, 187-189;

о регулировании народонаселения доходом, 188-189;

and economic crises, 187, 190-192, 426;

and net and gross production, 189-190, 420;

его проекты реформ, 192-197;

the first of the Interventionists, 192;

влияние на писателей и движения в девятнадцатом веке, 195-196;

influence upon his contemporaries, 196, 197;

and State Socialism, 197;

and the socialists, 196, 197-198;

Marx’s debt to, 198;

and private property, 198;

and “exploitation,” 215, 216; 228 n., 230, 233, 256;

on liberty, 262 n.; 264;

and Protection, 264 n.-265 n.; 289;

Stuart Mill and, 367;

and peasant proprietorship, 371 n.; 377, 378, 415 and n.;

and production, 419, 421; 440, 450;

and increment value, 453 n.; 475;

and guarantism, 599, 604;

and Liberalism and political economy, 647

Slavery, Le Play and, 491 n.

Смит Адам, vi;

on the object of political economy, 1;

accredited the founder of political economy, 2, 50-51, 103;

and Quesnay, 3, 55;

Turgot resembles, 4 n., 47;

and nature regarded as the only source of value, 16;

on “sterile” labour, 17;

his career, 50 n.-52 n.;

his Wealth of Nations, 51 et seq., 105;

intimate with David Hume, 50 n., 53;

and the Physiocrats, 51 n., 55, 62-65, 69;

his admiration for Voltaire, 52 n.;

and Bernard de Mandeville, 51; and Turgot, 55;

and the Tableau économique, 55;

и разделение труда, 56-68, 70-71;

о труде как истинном источнике богатства, 56-57;

и налогообложение, 61-62;

on equality in the State, 62;

и производительные и непроизводительные работники, 62-63;

and the superior productivity of agriculture, 63-64, 65, 67, 108, 143;

and rent, 64, 80, 141-143;

и промышленность, 65-66, 67-68;

его сочувствие к рабочему, 66-67;

on profits, 67-80, 114;

его «натурализм», 68-88;

и спонтанность экономических институтов, 69-88;

and money, 71, 82-85, 115;

and capital, 71-73, 89-91, 272 n.;

on saving, 73;

о спросе и предложении, 73-85;

его теория цен, 74-82;

о «потребительной стоимости» и «меновой стоимости», 75-77;

on labour as the measure of value, 77-78, 149;

и издержки производства как детерминанта стоимости, 78-79;

his theory of wages, 80;

and distribution, 80, 93;

on the regulation of population to the demand, 82, 188;

on banks, 85;

on self-interest as the root of all economic activity, 86-87, 88, 393;

and the homo œconomicus, 86;

и «спонтанный порядок», 87-88;

on Quesnay’s economic theory, 88;

его «оптимизм», 88-93;

and the harmony between self-interest and the general well-being of society, 92, 185, 410;

on the duty of the sovereign, 93, 94, 409;

and economic liberty, 93-97, 315;

о неэффективности государственного управления, 94-95;

and Mercantilism, 98, 169, 314;

и международная торговля, 97-102;

и протекционизм, 98-102;

влияние его мысли и ее распространение, 102-107;

and Lord North, 105;

and Pitt, 105;

Ж. Б. Сэй и, 107-118;

on the basis and the aim of political economy, 110;

and the entrepreneur, 114;

and Malthus’s Principles of Population, 121;

compared with Ricardo, 138;

and the products of mines, 143 n.;

and the interests of the landlords, 153 n.;

and Free Trade, 153, 163, 287; 165, 166;

Sismondi and, 173, 174, 192;

on competition, 182;

and high wages and population, 189; 201 n., 204, 207;

Saint-Simon and, 209 n.;

on government, 217, 625; 228;

and property, 228; 264;

on the Act of Union of 1800, 266;

List and, 269 n., 270, 271 n., 273, 278 n., 279 n., 280;

and the three stages in economic evolution, 271 n.;

on national power, 271 n.; 272;

on moral forces, 273 n.;

о процветании Британии как результате ее правовой системы, 273 прим.; 322, 323, 326, 338 прим., 355 прим., 371, 379, 380 и прим., 390;

и государственное вмешательство, 408-410;

and laissez-faire, 408, 410; 416, 417, 418, 423, 438 n., 440, 516;

Mr. and Mrs. Webb on his theory that labour is the cause of value, 581 n.; 588, 615 n.;

simplicity of his system, 644

Smith, Prince, 376, 439

«Смитианство», 438

Social biology, 590 n.

Социальный католицизм, 495-503;

и кооперация, 496-500;

and the emancipation of the workers by themselves, 500;

and the State, 501;

and Protection, 501 n.;

and socialism, 501;

and the employer and the worker, 502;

compared with Social Protestantism, 503

Social Catholics, 494

Social Christianity, 509

Social contract, the, 6 n.

Social Democratic Federation, 579 n.

Social Democratic party, German, Rodbertus and, 417; 432;

founded, 437; 480 n.

Social economics, 1, 181, 645

«Социальная функция», 335

“Social instinct,” the, 632;

Кропоткин о, 632-633

Social League of Buyers, 500 n.

Социальный протестантизм — см. Христианский социализм

“Social workshops,” Blanc and, 301

Социализм, xi;

Adam Smith regarded as the father of, 79 n.;

Adam Smith a forerunner of, 92;

Ricardo’s theory of value the starting-point of modern, 138;

the Marxian theory of surplus value and, 140;

and the French Revolution, 199 n.-200 n.;

equalitarian, 200 n.;

the Saint-Simonians and, 200 n.-201 n., 212, 225, 227, 230 n., 231;

Saint-Simon and, 201, 202, 209, 210 n.;

Saint-Simon the father of, 203;

Robert Owen and, 235;

origin of the term, 235 n., 263 and n.;

Wm. Thompson and, 244;

Leroux and, 263;

Proudhon and, 290-291, 296-299, 315;

и революция 1848 года, 300-307;

Marx and, 320, 470;

France the classic land of, 323;

Bastiat and, 328 n., 329;

Stuart Mill and, 352 n., 353, 358;

the Liberal school and, 354;

Reybaud on, 354;

revival of, 377;

Marx’s Kapital and, 377;

Rodbertus and, 417;

State Socialism and, 431;

Lassalle and, 433;

христианские школы и, 483-485;

the Social Catholics and, 500;

the Sillon and, 502;

the Christian Socialists and, 509;

современные изменения в, 515-516;

in England in mid-nineteenth century, 579;

of the Fabian Society, vii, 580 n.-581 n., 584-587;

Sidney Webb on the present realisation of, 585;

“juridical socialism,” 606, 607 n.;

criticism of solidarity, 611;

anarchism and, 640, 641;

and violence, 641;

and the State and private property, 642

Socialists, favour Adam Smith’s theory of value, 75;

Sismondi reckoned among, 184;

Saint-Simon reckoned among, 210 n.;

Прудон и, 296-297;

and the Revolution of 1848, 300; 335;

and State Socialism, 414;

Rodbertus and, 417;

и капитал, 459-460;

F. D. Maurice on the motto of the socialist, 504 n.;

and interest and rent, 568, 579

Society, the reality of, 618, 619 n.;

Kropotkin on, 625 n., 630, 631 n.;

Bakunin on, 625 n.-626 n., 630, 631 n.;

анархистская концепция, 629-636;

Proudhon and, 630, 631 n.;

Jean Grave and, 630, 631 n.;

and government, 631

Социологическая аналогия, 590-591

Sociology, 388, 392, 404, 590

Солидарность, xv;

in France, 136 n., 516;

Protection and, 289 n., 602;

Proudhon and, 317;

the Liberal school and, 325;

Бастиа и закон, 344-345;

origin of the term, 344 n., 587;

modern conception of, 344;

Carey and, 345;

and individualism, 356 n.;

State Socialism and, 439, 592, 601, 602-603;

Le Play’s new school and, 495;

Gounelle on, 508 n.;

the Christian Socialists and, 508;

development of the ideal, 587;

древние и, 588-589;

heredity and, 588;

A. Comte and, 589;

bacteriology and, 589;

социологическая аналогия и, 590-591;

рост и универсальность, 591-592;

the Solidarity school, 592 n.-593 n.;

Gide on, 593 n.;

a new watchword, 593;

M. Bourgeois and, 593-594, 596, 597-599;

и естественная солидарность, 594-599;

прогресс движения, 593-594;

Дюркгейм и, 599-600;

движение к всеобщему единству, 600-601;

практическое применение, 601-607;

fiscal reform and, 602;

and association, 602, 613-614;

the syndicalists and, 603;

мютюэлисты и, 603-604;

and co-operation, 604;

the École de Nîmes, 605 n.;

and the mutual credit society, 606;

and private property, 606;

and jurisprudence, 606;

критика, 607-614;

либеральная школа и, 607-608;

evolution and, 609;

and collective responsibility for misdemeanour, 610;

моралисты и, 610-611;

socialist criticism, 611;

ее моральное влияние, 611-612;

и индивидуальность, 612-613;

и обмен, 613-614;

distinguished from charity, 614 n.;

the anarchists and social solidarity, 630; 632

Solidarist, or Solidarity, school, 592 n.-593 n., 601

Solvay, E., 242, 318-319

Sombart, W., 271 n., 386

Сорель Г., 209, 321, 447-448, 466 прим., 467 прим., 473 прим., 474 прим., 479 прим., 480 прим., 481 прим., 482 и прим., 483, 515, 638 прим., 641, 642

Сушон А., xi

Sovereign, the, Adam Smith on, 93, 94, 409

Sozialpolitik, 178

Spain, anarchism in, 640

Spence, T., 560 and n.

Spencer, Herbert, xiii. 356, 376, 560, 590 nn.

Spontaneity of economic institutions, Adam Smith and, 68-85, 87, 88, 89

Staël, Mme., 173 n.

Stangeland, C. E., 121 n.

Stanislaus II, King of Poland, and the Physiocrats, 5

State, the, in the Mercantilist view, 27;

in the Physiocratic view, 27;

функции в физиократической доктрине, 33-37;

Adam Smith on the functions of, 95;

the sole inheritor of property, in the Saint-Simonians’ system, 223;

Blanc and, 261, 262;

Dupont-White and, 408 n., 440, 441;

Walras and, 413;

Родбертус и, 418-419, 429-431;

Hegel on, 435 n.;

Fichte and, 435 n.-436 n.;

the Congress of Eisenach and, 437;

Wagner and, 438 n., 439-440;

the duties of, under State Socialism, 439;

incapacity of, as an economic agent, 439;

и индивид, 442-443;

the Christian schools and, 484;

Le Play and, 488;

the Social Catholics and, 501;

Carlyle on the Classical ideal, 511;

the anarchists and, 615, 623-624, 625, 626, 627, 630, 641;

syndicalism and, 641

State intervention, xv, 407 et seq.;

Адам Смит и, 94-97, 408-410;

Malthus and Ricardo and, 164;

Sismondi and, 197, 413;

the French Liberal school and, 325;

Bastiat and, 325 n., 408-409; 377, 378;

Stuart Mill and, 411, 413;

Cournot and, 413;

Лассаль и, 434-435;

Kingsley on, 505 n.

См. Государственный социализм

State Socialism, xi, xv, 197, 221, 259, 261, 262, 304-305, 346, 377, 387, 389 n., 407;

origin of, 410, 413, 438;

not simply an economic doctrine, 414;

Rodbertus and, 414-415, 417, 428, 431, 432;

Lassalle and, 414, 432;

Wagner and, 414; and socialism, 431;

Andler and the philosophical origin of, 435 n.;

Fichte and, 435 n.;

принципы и характеристики движения, 436-448;

and the Classical school, 438;

and solidarity and Lassalle, 439;

и правительство, и индивид, 439-443;

и распределение, 443-444;

and production, 444;

Bismarck and, 445;

в Германии, 445-446;

influence in politics, 447;

and economic Liberalism, 447;

синдикализм и, 447-448;

the Christian schools and, 485;

and economic theory, 515;

modern development of, 516;

the Fabians and, 586; 592, 593 n.;

and solidarity, 601, 602-603

Стационарное состояние, Стюарт Милль и, 373-374

Statistics, the science of, and economics, 407 n.; 645-646

Statute of Apprentices, the, 104, 170

Statutes of the International Brotherhood, 639

Statutes of the International Socialist Alliance, 639

Stein, H. F. K., 106 n.

Stein, L. von, 294 n.

“Sterile classes,” the, in the Physiocratic system, 14, 21, 24;

Adam Smith and, 57

Стерильный труд, в физиократической системе, 16-17

Stewart, Dugald, 52 n.

Stiegler, M., 592 n.

Stirner, Max (Kaspar Schmidt), 615-619, 622-623, 628, 630

Stöker, Pastor, 507

Storch, H. F. von, 118 n., 379

Strong, J., 506 n.

Stumm, Baron, 507 n.

Sully, Duc de, 17

Supply, price and, 519

Прибавочный труд, теория Маркса, 450-459, 474-475

Surplus value, Marx’s theory of, 184, 198, 228, 294, 450-459;

Sismondi and, 184-185, 198, 475;

decline of the theory of, 516

Прибавочные стоимости, налогообложение, 569-570

Switzerland, Christian Socialism in, 507

Syndicalism, 321, 447, 448, 472 n., 473, 479-483, 491;

the Social Catholics and, 498 and n.;

the Sillon and the C.G.T. and, 502;

and solidarity, 603;

and anarchism, 619 n., 641-642;

и государство, 641-642;

its ideal, 642

Синдикат, 480-481

Synthetic socialism, 573

Syntheticism, 573

Tableau économique, 3 n., 5, 18-19, 20 n., 21, 162, 534

Taillandier, Saint-René, 616 n.

Tariffs, in France, 266, 269, 280-281;

в Германии, 266-269, 280-281;

in the United States, 269;

the economic nature of, 282

Налогообложение, физиократическая теория, 38-45;

Adam Smith and, 61-62 and nn., 102;

development of the theory of, 645

Theory, economic, recent revival of, 515

Thierry, A., 203, 211

Thiers, L. A., 303

Thomas, É., 302 and n.

Thomas, P. F., 263 n.

Thompson, R., 156 n.

Thompson, W., 194, 201 n., 244, 450 n.

Thornton, W. T., 361, 371 n.

Thünen, J. H. von, 148 n., 352, 558

Tocqueville, A. C. de, 303

Todt, Pastor, 507

Tolstoy, Count Leo, 510, 511, 512, 513-514

Tooke, T., 109 n.

Torrens, Colonel, 349 n.

Tourville, the Abbé de, 494, 495 n.

Toynbee, A., 196, 374, 379, 386 n., 387

Торговля, физиократы и, 27-33

Торговля, свободная — см. Свободная торговля

Trade unionism, Robert Owen and, 236 n.;

Stuart Mill and, 361, 362 n.;

the Neo-Marxians and, 479;

Le Play and, 491; 496 n., 504;

Durkheim and, 600;

the syndicalists and, 603, 642;

the French anarchists and, 640

Travail, Le, co-operative society, 257 n.

Treitschke, H. G. von, 443 n.

Trosne, G. F. Le, one of the Physiocrats, 4 n.;

on the earth as the sole productive source, 12 n., 13;

and the “net product,” 14 n., 15 n.;

on the Tableau économique, 19;

on exchange, 27 n.;

on Free Trade, 29 n.; 49, 118 n.

Trusts, Ollivier on, 325

Tucker, J., 54

Turgot, A. R. J., one of the Physiocrats, 4 and n.;

об универсальности и неизменности «естественного порядка», 10;

and the origin of the term laissez-faire, 11 n.; 12 n.;

on artisans and agriculturists, 14 and n.;

о рудниках и «чистом продукте», 14;

on the circulation of wealth, 18;

and the Tableau économique, 20 n.;

and property, 25 n.;

о «хорошей цене», 30 прим.;

on Protection, 31 n.;

and the edict establishing Free Trade in corn, 32;

and interest, 33, 50 n.;

distinguished from the other Physiocrats, 33, 46-47;

on industry and agriculture, 37 n.;

on the burdens of the poor, 42 n.;

and the “iron law,” 42, 157, 453 n.;

о стоимости, 46-47;

and Condillac and Galiani, 47; 50;

acquainted with Adam Smith, 51 n., 55; 117;

and the law of diminishing returns, 146-147 n., 340; 222 n., 228 n., 298

“Unearned increment,” rent is, 545;

конфискация, 558-570

Соединенные Штаты, xii;

increase of population in, 124 n.;

growth of per capita wealth of the population in, 131;

and tariffs and Protection, 269, 278-279;

List on the economic condition of, 279;

cultivation and rents in, 339;

Christian Socialism in, 506

Unity, the movement towards universal, 600

University economists, 436

Ure, A., 171 n.

Usury, the Catholic Church and, 503 n.

Utilitarian Radicals, 586

Utilitarian school, 352

Utility, social, 24, 91;

Dunoyer and, 348 and n.

Utility theory, 328 n.;

Бастиа и, 335-338

Utopia, More’s, 246

Utopian socialism, 232

Value, the accretion of, constitutes production, 16;

nature the only source of, 16;

the Physiocrats and, 46, 49;

Тюрго о, 46-47;

Galiani on, 47;

Condillac and, 48-49, 74, 75;

Adam Smith’s theory of, 74-80, 149;

Ricardo’s theory of, 138, 140-141, 149-151, 240, 332;

Сисмонди и, 184-185;

Marx and, 185, 293 n., 466 and n., 474, 583;

Marx’s theory of surplus value, 184, 450-459;

Proudhon and, 293 n.;

Bastiat’s theory of service-value, 332-335, 338;

Carey and, 332;

Ferrara and, 333 n.;

в теории полезности Бастиа, 335-338;

the Classical law of, 360, 558;

Rodbertus and, 415 n.;

Aristotle and, 451 n.;

determined by cost of production, 520, 526;

definition of, 523;

the Classical school and, 530 n.;

the Mathematical school and, 530 n.;

Aupetit and, 530 n.

“Value in use,” and “value in exchange,” 75-76, 451

Стоимость, прибавочная — см. Прибавочная стоимость

Vandervelde, É., 221, 470 n.

Varlin, M., 459 n.

Verein für Sozialpolitik, 437

Vidal, F., 259, 304-305, 414, 420 n.

Villeneuve-Bargemont, Vicomte A. de, 197

Villermé, L. R., 171, 491 n.

Villey, E., 327 n.

Vinet, A. R., 509

Voltaire, and the Physiocrats, 5; 32;

his L’Homme avec Quarante Écus, 41 n.; 43;

Adam Smith and, 51 n.; 52 n.

Wage fund theory, Stuart Mill and, 361-362, 374;

Walker and, 362 n., 549;

Cairnes and, 374; 456

Wages, the Physiocrats and, 43;

Кондильяк о, 49-50;

Adam Smith on the relation of, to rent, 64 n.;

Smith’s theory of, 80;

Ricardo and, 114, 157-163;

Sismondi and, 176 n.;

Stuart Mill and, 360 n., 369-370; 353;

закон стоимости классической школы, 360-362;

Кобден о, 360-361;

the “brazen law” of, 361, 426, 433, 453 n., 528;

Böhm-Bawerk and the Classical school and, 520;

предельная полезность и, 527-528;

теория производительности стоимости, 527-528, 549-550;

the Hedonists and, 541;

отношение к прибыли, 550-551;

and interest, Henry George on, 565;

relation of, to the increase in rents, 566 and n.

Wagner, A., 222, 393 n., 394, 396 nn., 401 n., 403, 414, 416, 431 n., 433 n.;

and State Socialism, 438 and n., 439, 440-441, 443 n., 444;

and the State and the individual, 442

Wakefield, Gibbon, 349 n.

Walker, A., 550 n.

Walker, F., 362 n., 549-552

Wallace, A. R., and land nationalisation, 561, 577

Wallas, Graham, 159 n.

Walras, L., on Free Trade, 30; 75;

J. B. Say and, 114;

and land nationalisation, 155, 561, 571, 572 n., 573-577;

and “scarcity,” 351; 521 n., 522 n.; 376, 380, 392 and n.;

on the State, 413; 495, 529 n.;

his economic system, 533-536, 541-542; 537, 538 n., 540 n., 544;

and rent and profit, 552;

и индивид, и государство, 573-574;

и конфискация ренты, 574-577; 631 прим.

War of Independence, American, 103-104, 202

Waring, Colonel, 253 n.

Watt, James, 65

Богатство, физиократическая концепция обращения, 18-26;

a material element, in the Physiocratic view, 27;

Quesnay regards agriculture as the source of all, 56;

взгляд Адама Смита на происхождение, 56-57;

Adam Smith on, 83;

solely a product of the soil, in the Physiocratic view, 348

Wealth of Nations, 51 et seq., 353

Webb, Mr. and Mrs. Sidney, 170, 221, 387, 580, 581, 583, 584, 585, 586

Weber, Max, 381 n.

Weill, G., 202 n., 203 n., 226 n.

Weitling, W., 323

Wellington, Duke of, 366

Wells, H. G., 580

West, Sir E., 147 n., 149 n.

Weulersse, G., 5 n., 22 n., 26 n.

Wieser, F. von, 522 n.

William II, Emperor of Germany, 446, 507

Wilson, G., 96 n.

Wirth, M., 416 n., 417 n.

Wollemborg, 503 n.

Wolowski, L., 304

Woman question, Saint-Simonism and, 254;

Fourier and, 254

“Working men’s associations,” 305-306, 319

Worms, R., 590 n.

Würtemberg, Tariff Union between Bavaria and, 268

Young, A., 136 n., 371

Yule, Udny, 407 n.

Zola, É., 254 n.

Zollverein, formation of the, 268; 280

Zollvereinsblatt, 280 n., 288